1 . Kevin Randall, a teacher,who teaches biology at Grandville High School,runs the environmental club at the high school,which has around 2,000 students.The club is known as the GHS Green Team,and it aims to raise awareness among students and teachers about sustainability(持续性).It also works on projects to reduce the environmental footprint of the building itself.

One of the club's recent projects focused on reducing waste in the school cafeteria.Randall said their cafeteria supervisor told them that the school went through 54,000 plastic forks every year.The club applied for a financial help,built recycling centers for the cafeteria,and purchased metal silverware.

And now every student uses a durable metal fork or a spoon instead of disposables.(一次性用品),“and that's just one way we're trying to capture the low-hanging fruit,if you will,"Randall said.

The efforts of Randall and his students have earned Grandville High School the Michigan Green School certification from the state.In addition to their work reducing waste in the cafeteria, the GHS Green Team has also built a garden with flowers and vegetables on campus,and leads cleanups on site and out in the community.Over the years,Randall and his students have also been working on raising money to install solar panels(太阳能板) on the roof of the high school.

Randall said he was motivated to take the lead on environmental issues for his school because he wanted his students to have someone to turn to in the building who understands what's at stake(利害攸关）when it comes to climate change.

＂And I also felt like I needed to do more in my life for my own two children at home," Randall added,"They need to know that their dad is working as hard as he can to reduce the effects of climate change,and to spread the word,and to make sure that other students out there are learning about this just the way they are at home."

1. What is the purpose of the GHS Green Team club?

A．To inspire students' love for biology.

B．To finish the projects assigned by school.

C．To prepare students for their future jobs.

D．To promote environmental protection.

2. What's the result of the project on school cafeteria?

A．It has changed the outlook of the cafeteria.

B．Students can have more fruits in the cafeteria.

C．Plastic forks are no longer used in the cafeteria.

D．The school has become famous nationwide.

3. What's the fourth paragraph mainly about?

A．The classification of the projects.

B．The characteristics of the club.

C．The activities organized by the club.

D．The future of the club.

4. What was Randall's aim by doing the work on environmental issues?.

A．To educate the young.

B．To get material rewards.

C．To amuse his children.

D．To make himself famous.

2 . The traditional tent cities at festivals such as Glastonbury may never be the same again. In a victory of green business that is certain to appeal to environmentally-aware music-lovers, a design student is to receive financial support to produce eco-friendly tents made of cardboard that can be recycled after the bands and the crowds have gone home.

Major festivals such as Glastonbury throw away some 10,000 abandoned tents at the end of events each year. For his final year project at the University of the West of England, James Dunlop came up with a material that can be recycled. And to cope with the British summer, the cardboard has been made waterproof.

Taking inspiration from a Japanese architect, who has used cardboard to make big buildings including churches, Mr. Dunlop used cardboard material for his tents, which he called Myhabs.

The design won an award at the annual New Designers Exhibition after Mr. Dunlop graduated from his product design degree and he decided to try to turn it into a business.

To raise money for the idea, he toured the City’s private companies which fund new businesses and found a supporter in the finance group Mint. He introduced his idea to four of Mint’s directors and won their support. Mint has committed around ￡500,000 to MyHab and taken a share of 30 per cent in Mr. Dunlop’s business. The first Myhabs should be tested at festivals this summer, before being marketed fully next year.

Mr. Dunlop said that the design, which accommodates two people, could have other uses, such as for disaster relief and housing for the London Olympics.

For music events, the cardboard houses will be ordered online and put up at the sites by the Myhab team before the festival-goers arrive and removed by the company afterwards. They can be personalized and the company will offer reductions on the expense if people agree to sell exterior(外部的) advertising space.

The biggest festivals attract tens of thousands of participants, with Glastonhury having some 150,000 each year. Altogether there are around 100 annual music festivals where people camp in the UK. The events are becoming increasingly environmentally conscious.

1. “Eco-friendly tents” in paragraph 1 refer to tents              .

A．economically desirable

B．favorable to the environment

C．for holding music performances

D．designed for disaster relief

2. Mr. Dunlop established his business              .

A．independently with an interest-free loan from Mint

B．with the approval of the City’s administration

C．in partnership with a finance group

D．with the help of a Japanese architect

3. It is implied in the passage that               .

A．the weather in the UK. is changeable in summer

B．most performances at British festivals are given in the open air

C．the cardboard tents produced by Mr. Dunlop can be user-tailored

D．cardboard tents can be easily put up and removed by users

4. The passage is mainly concerned with              .

A．an attempt at developing recyclable tents

B．some efforts at making full use of cardboards

C．an unusual success of a graduation project

D．the effects of using cardboard tents on music festivals

3 . Every year, butterfly(蝴蝶) lovers in California go out in November to count monarch butterflies. They     1    (get) a worrying result from their fall monarch count in 2018—    2     number of monarchs had dropped by 86% since 2017.

The orange and black monarch butterflies are famous     3     their long migrations(迁徙)—they fly thousands of miles every year. In the spring and summer they fly north; in the fall they fly south again.

Monarchs, like most butterflies, are     4    (terrible) important for plants. They help create more plants by spreading pollen(花粉) between plants. In turn, monarchs depend on plants for food. And they depend completely on a plant called milkweed     5    (lay) their eggs.

But monarchs have been facing growing problems for years. As more and more wild land has been turned into large farms, the monarchs have had trouble     6    (find) enough milkweed. Many farms also use chemicals     7     will kill insects in order to protect their plants. These chemicals also affect monarchs. Besides, pollution has made milkweed less     8    (health) for the monarchs than it used to be.

Scientists say monarchs will be in danger of dying out in the next 20 years if nothing     9    (do) to save them.

    10    (thing) that people can do to help include planting milkweed, controlling the use of chemicals, protecting wild areas, and planting trees.

4 . Next autumn when you see wild geese heading south for the winter flying in a V formation you might think about what scientists have discovered as to why they fly that way.

As each bird flaps(拍打) its wings， it creates an uplift（升力） for the bird immediately following. By flying in V formation the whole group adds at least 71% greater flying range(航程) than if each bird flies on its own.

People who share a common direction and sense of community can get where they are going more quickly and easily because they are traveling on the push of one another. When a wild goose falls out of the formation， it suddenly feels the drag and resistance(阻力) of trying to go alone and quickly tries to get back into the formation to take advantage of the lifting power of the bird in front. When the head goose gets tired, it flies back into the formation and another goose flies to the front. It is wise to take turns doing difficult jobs whether it be people or wild geese flying south.

Wild geese honk(发出雁叫声) from behind to inspire those up front to keep up their speed. When a wild goose gets sick or wounded by gunshots, and falls out of the formation, two other geese will fall out with that goose and follow it down to lend help and protection. They will stay with the fallen goose until it is able to fly or until it dies, and only then will they go on with their own or with another formation to catch up with their group.

1. Wild geese fly in a V formation in order to_______.

A．protect themselves from danger	B．fly more quickly and easily
C．help the sick and wounded	D．fly much higher in the sky

2. If a wild goose falls out of the V formation,______.

A．the other geese will call it back	B．the other geese will fly with it
C．it will try to get back into the group	D．it will fall behind the whole group

3. What can we learn from Paragraph 4?

A．We should believe in those who offer us help.

B．We should care more about the old and sick.

C．We should try to lead others to move forward

D．We should give people facing difficulties encouragement.

4. When a wild goose becomes sick or is wounded, _______.

A．the whole group will stop flying

B．two other geese will stay with it to offer help

C．it will be left alone and will fall on the ground

D．other geese will honk to give it encouragement

5 . 假定你是大庆实验中学高三学生会主席李华，实验中学被选定为大庆市垃圾分类试点单位，请你根据以下要点写一篇倡议书，倡议全体同学垃圾分类，内容包括：
1. 告知学校要进行垃圾分类。
2. 垃圾分类的重要意义;
3. 提出倡议。
要求：词数：100词左右；
参考词汇： 垃圾分类waste sorting/ rubbish classification       可回收的recyclable
Dear fellow students,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Thank you!

Yours,

Li Hua

6 . The largest genetic study of mosquitoes has found their ability to resist insecticides(杀虫剂) is evolving rapidly and spreading across Africa, putting millions of people at higher risk of contracting malaria（疟疾）.

British scientists who led the work said mosquitoes’ growing resistance to control tools such as insecticide-treated bed nets and insecticide spraying, which have helped cut malaria cases since 2000, now threatens “to disturb malaria control” in Africa.

“Our study highlights the severe challenges facing public efforts to control mosquitoes and tomanage and limit insecticide resistance,” said Martin Donnelly of the Liverpool School of Tropical Medicine, who worked on the study with a team from Britain’s Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute.

Latest World Health Organization (WHO) data show that 216 million people were infected last year with the malaria parasite（寄生虫）, which is transmitted by blood-sucking Anopheles mosquitoes. The disease killed 445,000 people in 2016, and the majority of them were children in sub-Saharan Africa.

To understand how mosquitoes are evolving, the researchers sequenced the DNA of 765 wild Anopheles mosquitoes taken from 15 locations across eight African countries. Their work, published in the journal Nature on Wednesday, created the largest data resource on natural genetic variation for any species of insect.

Analyzing the data, the scientists found that the Anopheles gamblae mosquitoes（冈比亚疟蚊）were extremely genetically diverse compared with most other animal species. This high genetic diversity enables rapid evolution, they said, and helps to explain how mosquitoes develop insecticide resistance so quickly.

The data also showed the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance appeared to be due to many previously unknown genetic variants（变体）within certain genes. The scientists said these genetic variants for insecticide resistance were not only emerging independently in different parts of Africa, but were also being spread across the continent by mosquito migration.

Michael Chew, an expert at Britain’s Wellcome Trust global health charity which helped fund the research, said the finds underlined the importance of pushing scientific research ahead to control malaria.

Global efforts to control malaria through effective vaccine, insecticides and the best drug combinations require urgent, united action by scientists, drug companies, governments and the WHO.

1. Which of the following is scientists’ headache?

A．The number of mosquitoes in Africa is growing rapidly.

B．Some genetic variants of mosquitoes are still unknown.

C．The existing insecticides aren’t as effective as they used to be.

D．Millions of African people have resistance to medicines for malaria.

2. Malaria cases can be cut by ______.

A．threatening drug companies	B．spraying insecticides
C．limiting blood donation	D．transmitting data

3. What CANNOT be concluded from the passage?

A．Children are more likely to be bit by mosquitoes.

B．Many previously unknown variants are found in the study.

C．The mosquito migration contributes to the spread of variants.

D．Anopheles mosquitoes have great genetic diversity.

4. Which is FALSE about the genetic study of mosquitoes?

A．It created the largest data on natural genetic variation for any insect species.

B．It found the possible causes for the rapid evolution of insecticide resistance.

C．It discovered where the genetic variants emerged and how they were spread.

D．It highlighted the public efforts and appealed to limit the use of insecticides.

7 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文.文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处.错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改.
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(Λ),并在其下面写出该加的词.
删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉.
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词.
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词：2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分.

Last winter, the smog occurred a lot of time. it brought much inconvenience to our daily life or did great harm to our health. Many traffic accidents had happened just because of the heavy smog weather. In addition, quite a lot of flights had to put off and a great number of people stayed at home to keep them away from the harmful air. Some people suffered of bad coughs, sore throats and other serious diseases cause by the smog. I think whomever lives on the earth should try to play the part in the environmental protection. I support the idea that we can try to drive more and buy environmentally friendly products to improve the air quality.

8 . A team of international scientists is due to set off for the world’s biggest iceberg in a mission aiming to answer fundamental questions about the impact of climate change in the polar regions. The scientists, led by he British Antarctic Survey( BAS), are trying to reach a newly revealed ecosystem that had been hidden for 120,000 years below the Larsen C ice shelf.

Last year, part of the Larsen C ice shelf calved (崩解) away, forming a huge iceberg-A68--which is four times bigger than London, and revealing life beneath for the first time. Now scientists say it is a race against time to explore these new ecosystems before they are transformed to the light. Marine biologist Dr Katrin Linse from the BAS is leading the mission.

“The calving of A68 provides us with a unique opportunity to study marine life as it responds to a huge environment change,” she said. “It is important that we get there quickly before the undersea environment changes as sunlight enters the water.”

Professor David Vaughan, science director at the BAs, said, “We need to be bold (大胆的) on this one. Larsen C is a long way south and there’s lots of sea ice in the area, but this is important science, so we will try our best to get the team where they need to be. He said climate change had already affected the sea around Antarctica and is warming some coastal waters. “Future warming may make some habitats warm. Where these habitats support unique species that are adapted to love the cold and not the warm, those species are going to either move or die.”

There is growing concern about the possible impact of climate change in the Antarctic. Earlier this month, a report revealed that melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are speeding up the already fast pace of the sea level rise. The research, published by the National Academies of Science, Engineering and Medicine, said, “At the current rate, the world’s ocean will be, on average, at least 60cm higher by the end of the century.” However, it found that the process is accelerating, and more than three quarters of the acceleration since 1993 is due to melting ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica, the study shows.

1. Why are the scientists eager to go to the iceberg?

A．To study how the iceberg was formed.

B．To study a newly discovered ecosystem.

C．To explore a new way to prevent climate change.

D．To explore the geography of the Larsen C ice shelf.

2. What do the underlined words “this one” in the fourth paragraph refer to?

A．The Larsen C ice shelf.

B．Climate change in Antarctica.

C．The A68 iceberg with the ecosystem beneath it.

D．The condition of animal species in Antarctica.

3. What can we learn about the A68 iceberg from the text?

A．It is as big as London.

B．It is part of an ice shelf in the Arctic.

C．It will disappear in a very short time.

D．It has uncovered an unknown ecosystem in Antarctica.

4. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．There is no need to worry about climate change in Antarctica.

B．The ice sheets in Greenland and Antarctica are melting at a steady rate.

C．Many creatures living in deep water will die out due to climate change.

D．By 2100, the sea level will have risen to a much higher level than now.

9 . What is the weather like today？

A．Cool.

B．Warm.

C．Hot.

10 . A company in San Francisco, California, has found a way to turn used plastic bottles into women’s shoes.

Every day, millions of Americans drink water and other liquids from plastic bottles. More than 60 million of them are thrown away each day. Many of the plastic bottles end up in landfills or are burned with other waste products.

A San Francisco start-up company called Rothy’s, however, turns this plastic waste into environmentally friendly shoes. Roth Martin is the company’s co-founder. He explains how they turn plastic into soft material for women’s feet. They take the plastic, clean it, and break it down into small pieces. Then they press them through a device that makes soft fibers. Those fibers are then combined together. This is done by a 3D machine. It is designed to reduce waste while making the shoes. The knitted stuff and the inner part of the shoe are then attached to the shoe’s outer part, called the sole (鞋底). This outer sole is also made from environmentally friendly material: responsibly sourced no-carbon rubber.

Rothy’s shoes are sold online. They are flat shoes, with either a rounded or pointed toe. They come in different colors and designs. They cost either $ 125 or $ 145 per pair, depending on the design. After American actress Gwyneth Paltrow discovered them last year, the demand for the shoes grew. Martin says there is no shortage of material to fill that demand. “We’re not going to run out of water bottles any time soon. So we have a limitless supply of material, and I think that is a good sign for our future.” When the environmentally friendly shoes wear out, customers can return them at no cost to a company that uses the recycled materials to make other products.

For now, the shoes are only available to be shipped in the United States. However, the company says it will add international shipping in the near future.

1. How are used plastic bottles usually dealt with?

A．They are buried or burned.

B．They are used to make shoes.

C．They are changed into soft materials.

D．They are returned to factories for reuse.

2. What does the underlined word knitted in the third paragraph mean?

A．Attached.	B．Fixed.
C．Combined.	D．Repaired.

3. Which of the following directly helped to increase the sales of Rothy’s shoes?

A．The design and color.	B．The reasonable price.
C．The company’s advertisement.	D．The star power of Gwyneth Paltrow.

4. What is the purpose of the text?

A．To advertise a new kind of shoes.

B．To describe the process of making shoes.

C．To introduce a new way of recycling plastic waste.

D．To stress the importance of environmental protection.