1 . 根据汉语提示补全短文

One day, while Tom was behind the wheel, some yellow vests     1     (分散了他的注意力). It is some volunteers dedicated to environmental protection work who are cleaning up the garbage on the roadside.     2     (相比) those who spit in public and litter about, these volunteers       3     (激励他做一些促进环境保护的事情). On reflection he decided to join the volunteers since the beautiful environment       4     (依靠每个人的贡献).

2 . 使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
①由于人类活动，许多濒临灭绝的野生动物正面临着灭绝的危险。
②为使它们有一个安全的栖息地，应采取以下措施。
③应制定污染标准以减少空气中的毒物。
④为了与自然和谐相处，国家公园应该被视为野生动物的保护区。
⑤只有为保护野生动物做出贡献，我们才能与自然共存。(倒装句)
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3 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wolong National Nature Reserve is located in Sichuan Province. Owing     1     a warm and humid (潮湿的) climate favorable to bamboos, pandas' favorite food, it is an ideal habitat for giant pandas.     2     is apparent that more than one hundred pandas once     3     (inhabit) there, accounting for over 10% of the nation's total.

The reserve is also widely known as a “Bio­gene Bank” because     4     substantial number of species, including rare and     5     (endanger) species, are found there. Wolong National Nature Reserve has been a UNESCO World Heritage Site since 2006.The inclusion has ensured a secure environment for all the species in the area.

4 . 语法填空

The Chinatown in San Francisco attracts     1     (crowd) of visitors each year. The climate is mild all year round, thus     2     (ensure) that it is always a good time to visit the Chinatown.

Keep your eyes open, and you will be astonished     3     (find) the fascinating sights, customs and traditional Chinese culture in real life, such as games of Chinese chess and people practicing tai chi in peaceful     4     (surround). The stores there offer a unique range of goods as well as clothing. There are Chinese tea shops, where visitors are permitted     5     (consume) various Chinese tea. But it has been confirmed     6    many tourists are thrilled to see its traditional dishes from all over China.

5 . 使用恰当的过渡衔接词连句成篇
①人类从诞生之日起，为了满足自身需要，不断从自然界获取灵感，寻求解决问题的办法。②人们向蝙蝠学习制造雷达，向池塘中的蜻蜓学习改善飞机的飞行性能。③大自然是人类出色的老师，但有些人反对向自然界学习，认为这些发明创造都是理所当然的。④人类应和大自然和谐相处，作为回报它会带给我们巨大的利益。⑤虽然人类主宰了这个世界，但我们不能违背自然规律，否则我们会受到大自然的惩罚。
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6 . 根据汉语提示完成短文

    1     (对稀有物种感到兴奋和惊讶) in the forest, Tim, a biologist, was immersed in     2     (拍摄它们的照片). It was when his cellphone battery ran out that he realized that he was lost in the forest. Without a compass or a map, he thought he     3     (无法走出去). What’s worse, he tripped and     4     (腿受伤了). After numerous attempts and failures, he saw the flash on the main road. At that moment, he was excited beyond description.

7 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

    1     moment I stepped out of school, I saw a dark blue­gray cloud approaching. But I didn’t know what a huge tornado was. I heard my mother yell my name. She asked me to get in her car. I ran to the car and got in. She     2     (immediate) started the car and headed for our house.

When I looked back at the cloud, it had a small funnel­looking (漏斗状的) cloud inside. We finally got to our house and then we heard a loud siren (警笛). My dad looked scared in the     3     (emergent). He brought the radio and a flashlight, while my mom    4     (grab) some batteries. My mom attempted     5     (shelter) me from the disaster. We turned on the radio and heard that an EF­2 tornado had touched down just east of my school. Then I heard a long deep sound that began to shake the house. That was the most horrible moment of my life and I hoped nothing like that     6     (occur) again.

8 . Sleep is a necessary biological(生物的)function that has long interested scientists.

As we all know, most animals sleep. Scientists have studied everything from mice to fruit flies in the lab to get a better understanding of what happens when animals sleep—and why so many do it. However, gathering data on how animals sleep in their natural habitat has always been tricky and hard to do.

But scientists did just that with wild chinstrap penguins(帽带企鹅)in Antarctica. In doing so, researchers found birds in the nesting colony took over 10,000 microsleeps throughout the day-amounting to 1l hours of sleep. The microsleep last only seconds. Researchers think that microsleeps might help the animals avoid enemies that might be more likely to strike if the penguins are asleep for longer—especially when one parent goes out feeding in the ocean for days, leaving the other parent to protect the eggs.

Vladyslav Vyazovskiy, a sleep scientist who was not involved in the study, is excited about this new data. “Most of what we know about the fundamental biology of sleep was obtained in laboratory conditions, which were completely different from conditions where sleep evolved. Context matters,” says Vyazovskiy.

Microsleeps are much shorter than the minutes-long micronaps that have been shown to benefit humans. And study co-author Paul-Antoine Libourel is careful to not mix this insight about the success of microsleeps in penguins with that in humans. “This is not related to human physiology, and won’t tell us more about the function of human sleep.”

To study the penguins, scientists implanted devices into a small group of penguins’ brain and neck muscles. These brainwave and location data coupled with filming these birds in the nest gave sleep data about them. But the equipment had never been used before, so this data collection was only supposed to be a test.

The study is an early insight into a relatively large amount of scientific knowledge about sleep. “Pretty much every study on sleeping birds discovers something new, something we didn’t know before,” says Libourel.

1. What is the penguins’ taking microsleeps aimed at?

A．Surviving the severe cold.

B．Ensuring enough rest for growth.

C．Securing themselves from attackers.

D．Building up energy to hunt for food.

2. What is Vladyslav Vyazovskiy’s attitude towards the research?

A．Favorable.

B．Tolerant.

C．Doubtful.

D．Unconcerned.

3. What does the author want to say by mentioning human micronaps?

A．Micronaps are of great benefit to humans.

B．Animal microsleeps differ from human micronaps.

C．The function of human sleep has yet to be figured out.

D．The research contributes to the understanding of human micronaps.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．Most animals need to take microsleeps

B．Micronaps are important for human health

C．The penguins take over 10,000 microsleeps a day

D．Scientists show interest in animals’ sleep quality

9 . In a fascinating discovery, western lowland gorillas (大猩猩) at Zoo Atlanta have been caught summoning their keepers using a strange cough-sneeze mixture, which researchers have called a “snough”. Only two other species have displayed this ability to create new vocalizations to attract our attention: zoo-housed chimpanzees and orangutans. Now, we can add gorillas to that list.

As many of us know, Koko put a spotlight on gorilla intelligence in the 1980s and 1990s with her incredible ability to communicate with humans using sign language. She was trained and worked hard at it, but now it seems gorillas have taken it upon themselves to establish unique communication with us in their own way.

Roberta Salmi, a biological anthropologist at the University of Georgia, and colleagues ran an experiment to confirm the purpose of the “snough”, by placing eight of the zoo’s gorillas in three different situations. In the first, only the keeper was present; in the second only the food was present; in the final one, the keeper was holding the food. The food and keeper were in sight but out of reach. The gorillas involved used the “snough” vocalization most when there was a human present with food, indicating the call is likely an attempt to get the keeper’s attention.

This complex vocal learning — the ability to produce unique calls — is rare in the animal kingdom and confirmed only in some species of birds, bats and elephants. But they all do so by imitating. The analysis showed the gorilla’s “snough” is a unique sound, not an imitation — although they are certainly capable of imitating us in other ways.

“These results demonstrate that gorillas can change their calls to produce a novel sound and furthermore confirm that they can produce their calls and gestures intentionally to change the attention state of their caregiver,” the team concluded in their paper. We’ve clearly long underestimated these clever souls.

1. Which of the following can replace “summoning” underlined in paragraph 1?

A．pleasing

B．calling

C．finding

D．warning

2. How did the researchers carry out the research?

A．By ordering the gorillas to make the “snough” vocalization.

B．By training the gorillas to attract their keepers’ attention.

C．By comparing the gorillas’ reactions in different situations.

D．By gathering information about the gorillas from their keepers.

3. Why does the author mention some other animals in paragraph 4?

A．To illustrate gorillas can imitate humans in other ways.

B．To confirm only gorillas have the ability to produce unique calls.

C．To prove the animals can produce unique calls through imitation.

D．To show gorillas’ ability to invent the new vocalization is uncommon.

4. What can be inferred from the research?

A．Some animals have the ability to make new sounds.

B．Gorillas can create a new sound to draw zookeepers’ attention.

C．Some intelligent animals try to attract attention by imitating.

D．Gorillas are able to communicate with humans using unique gestures.

10 . Low-maintenance (无须费神的) care is one of the biggest advantages of owning a cat. Cats are known for being independent. And unlike dogs, cats don’t require daily walks in order to get their exercise fix.     1     It’s necessary to make sure your cat has plenty of chances to move her body.

Why is Exercise Important for Cats?

Exercise is very important when it comes to keeping your cat healthy. Exercise, along with diet, is important for maintaining your cat’s weight.     2     Plus, that extra weight can put added pressure on the legs and feet, leading to mobility problems down the road.

Exercise is also good for mental health (精神健康).     3     As an added benefit, enough physical exercise can keep your cat from acting in destructive (破坏性的) ways.

How Much Exercise Does Your Cat Need?

The exact amount (数量) of recommended exercise differs from cat to cat.     4     This doesn’t necessarily mean running or walking for 30 minutes straight, though.

How to Help Your Cat Exercise

    5     Try playing together for at least 15 minutes or so per day with toys. With enough independent games, toys, and tools for your cat to use on her own terms, she will also get in more movement, like walking, climbing, and scratching (抓).

A．Cats are good at taking care of themselves.

B．Exercise helps to kill boredom and lower stress.

C．That doesn’t mean cat exercise isn’t important, though.

D．Taking your cat outside can inspire her interest in exercise.

E．For most adult cats, though, 30 minutes per day is recommended.

F．Fat cats may be cute, but being overweight can lead to health problems.

G．Playing with your cat every day is one of the best ways to help them exercise.