1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. adaptable B. capacity C. complicated D. decline E. demand F. evaluating G. highlighted H. impacts I. occurs J. pursuing K. survive

Economics survive by continually responding to the world around them. This means employing new technologies or exploiting new international markets when     1     growth. Today, these global shifts — dramatic shocks to economies — occur more frequently, are more     2     and, in knowledge-based economies are more dependent on talent than ever. In countries where a workforce lacks the skills that are suddenly in     3    , we see a skills gap emerge. This leads to higher unemployment rates while vacancies increase and productivity and growth decline.

So how can economies     4    ? By adapting. However, unlike the macro-strategies of the last century, people — not just policy — must drive today’s adaptability. Employers and policymakers have long     5     the importance of a flexible workforce, but until now it has been difficult to isolate the human element — the willingness and ability of employees to seek out and find opportunities across multiple employers, locations and industries. Our new ability to measure it and analyse talent adaptability — and to start to understand what drives it — are crucial steps forward.

The     6     of a market to match supply and demand efficiently depends on the ability and willingness of employers and employees to adapt to changing circumstances and align (使一致) skills with available opportunities. If this alignment is less than perfect, a mismatch     7     and optimum productivity can’t be reached.

Adapt to Survive for the first time brings together the two most comprehensive sources of talent data in the world: the real-time behaviours drawn from LinkedIn’s 277 million members and employer information from PwC’s Saratoga database of people and performance metrics (指标) which covers more than 2,600 employers across the globe. This report sets a new benchmark for     8     a country’s ability to match talent with opportunity and the movement of people between industries — the Talent Adaptability Score. This score is given to 11 countries. For each country, we evaluate how the Score     9     economic performance. Our recommendations are organised around four groups:

● Individuals — Prove your adaptability.

● Employers — Seek out, nurture and reward talents who can adapt.

● Educators — Offer courses and job training that produce     10     people.

● Governments — Create a climate of adaptability.

2 . 毋庸置疑，空气污染是一个极其严重的问题，但令人欣慰的是，政府正采取有力措施来解决它。 (deny) (汉译英)
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3 . 考虑到自己的优势，他毫不犹豫地放弃了一份高薪的工作，决定献身于社区。(given) (汉译英)
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4 . He’s considered the father of the technological innovation, and apart from that, he was also known as a design perfectionist. There is no single executive or creator in the technology industry who is more creative and inspirational than him, and with that being said he was a one-in-billion creator.

On February 24, 1955, in San Francisco, California, United States, a baby named Steve Jobs entered the world. His parents’ inability to provide for him led to a difficult childhood, one in which he battled with his sense of self and felt constantly confused and unfulfilled. Nonetheless, who could have predicted that this person would cause such a dramatic shift in the information technology? The way Steve Jobs showed the world the new products and devices he was working on was truly out of this world, and that’s a big part of why he’s so beloved.

Steve Jobs was well-informed, but he was not a scholar. He possessed a high IQ but showed little enthusiasm for formal education. His main hobbies were playing tricks on people via phone and computer, goofing off with his best friends, and coming up with ground-breaking business concepts.

Steve Jobs’ philosophy on education is well-known at this point; he has stated publicly that he was only able to learn after leaving college. When Steve Jobs and his friend Wozniak were in their early 20s, they came up with the idea for the Apple Computer. Steve Jobs’ Volkswagen bus and Wozniak’s beloved scientific calculator were sold to finance the pair’s garage-based startup. Jobs and Wozniak have been given much of credit for democratizing the computer industry by making computers more user-friendly, portable, and affordable.

Wozniak envisioned a line of accessible and lightning-fast personal computers, and Jobs was put in charge of the company’s marketing and management. From the get-go, Apple sold the computers for up to $666. The unexpected greatness of their early success inspired them to develop more powerful machines. In the 70s, they accomplished what would become the company’s crowning achievement. Assembled by Apple, Inc. , the high-performance computer was an instant success in their home state of California, and its sales helped make Jobs a multimillionaire.

1. Which of the following is a big reason for Jobs being beloved?

A．Jobs revolutionized the technology industry.

B．Jobs realized his dream despite his painful childhood.

C．Jobs employed an extraordinary way to present the new devices.

D．Jobs is the most creative and motivational person in the technology industry.

2. What does the underlined phrase “goofing off” in paragraph three most probably mean?

A．quitting school	B．playing around
C．starting a business	D．learning knowledge

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．Jobs is keen on keeping in contact with friends via phone and computer.

B．Jobs and Wozniak advocated democracy for every staff in the computer industry.

C．Jobs showed less passion for education because of the influence of his difficult childhood.

D．The economic situation was a barrier to Jobs and Wozniak when they started their business.

4. Which of the following does Jobs most probably agree with?

A．All things come to those who always choose to wait.

B．The only thing that keeps you going is that you love what you do.

C．Knowledge makes you humble, while ignorance makes you proud.

D．If you look at what you have in your life, you will always have more.

5 . 天气开始好转，这让村民们欣喜若狂。 (which) (汉译英)
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6 . In a culture obsessed with measuring talent and ability, we often overlook the important role of inspiration because of its complicated nature. Its history of being treated as supernatural hasn’t helped the______. But as recent research shows, inspiration has a major effect on important______.

Inspiration is the springboard for creativity. Being in a state of inspiration ______the creativity of writing samples across scientific writing, poetry and fiction. Inspired writers are more ______and productive, and spend less time pausing and more time writing. The link between inspiration and creativity is in line with the surpassing aspect of inspiration, since creativity involves seeing possibility beyond existing restrictions.

Inspiration facilitates progress toward goals. In a recent study conducted by Marina Milyavskaya and her colleagues, college students were asked to report three goals they intended to_______ throughout the course of the semester. They then reported on their progress three times a month. Those who scored higher on the Inspiration Scale displayed increased goal progress, and their progress was a ______of setting more inspired goals. ______, people who were generally more inspired in their daily lives also tended to set inspired goals, which were then more likely to be successfully achieved. ______the relationship between inspiration and goal progress was mutual: goal progress also predicts future goal inspiration. Finally, inspired individuals reported experiencing more purpose in life and more gratitude.

Inspiration increases______. In another study, those who were exposed to Michael Jordan’s greatness experienced higher levels of Positive Affect, and this increase in Positive Affect was completely explained by their score on the Inspiration Scale. This inspiration was not______ though, foretelling positive well-being (e.g., life satisfaction) three months later!

Inspiration was more strongly______ future than to present satisfaction. The extent to which inspiration lasted was explained by self-reported levels of purpose and gratitude in life.

These findings show that inspiration______ a lot, which may put the burden on someone to become inspired and helpless to do so. The writer Elizabeth Gilbert rightly expresses this ______in her inspiring TED talk. I agree with Gilbert that one should not put______ on oneself to become inspired. These key scientific findings suggest that inspiration is not______— it happens. Knowing this should free you from the pressure to make inspiration happen.

1.

A．situation

B．quality

C．field

D．mystery

2.

A．moral lessons

B．academic careers

C．writing dreams

D．life outcomes

3.

A．involves

B．classifies

C．transforms

D．predicts

4.

A．ambitious

B．extraordinary

C．efficient

D．humble

5.

A．restore

B．accomplish

C．assign

D．share

6.

A．tribe

B．cause

C．survey

D．result

7.

A．Therefore

B．However

C．Otherwise

D．Instead

8.

A．Relatively

B．Brilliantly

C．Importantly

D．Initially

9.

A．vision

B．dedication

C．interaction

D．welfare

10.

A．substantial

B．temporary

C．speedy

D．distinctive

11.

A．related to

B．based on

C．impressed on

D．addicted to

12.

A．improves

B．matters

C．arises

D．changes

13.

A．hatred

B．regret

C．concern

D．disappointment

14.

A．smile

B．emphasis

C．pressure

D．criticism

15.

A．ruined

B．interpreted

C．revised

D．imposed

7 . 5 Ways to Determine Website Reliability

For every trustworthy website, there is tons of information that’s inaccurate, unreliable or just crazy. For the inexperienced journalist or researcher, such sites can _________ a wide range of possible problems. With that in mind, here are five ways to tell if a website is _________.

● Look for Established Institutions

The internet is full of websites that were _________ five minutes ago. What you want are sites associated with _________ institutions that have been around for a while and have a proven track record of reliability. Such sites may include those run by government agencies, nonprofit organization or universities.

● Consult Sites with Expertise (专门知识)

You wouldn’t go to the hospital to have your car repaired. This is an obvious point: _________ websites that specialize in the kind of information you’re seeking. _________, if you’re writing a story on a flu outbreak, check out medical websites, such as The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

● _________ Commercial Sites

Sites run by companies and business—their websites usually end in. com—are often trying to sell you something. And if they’re trying to sell you something, chances are whatever information they’re presenting will be tilted (偏向) _________ their product. That’s not to say commercial sites should be _________ entirely. But be cautious.

● Check the ____________

As a reporter, you need the most up-to-date information available, so if a website seems old, it’s probably best to keep distance from it. One way to check: Look for a “last ____________” date on the page or site.

● Check the Links

Respected ____________ often link to each other. You can find out which other websites link to the site you’re researching by conducting a link-specific Google search. Enter the following text into the Google search field, ____________ “[WEBSITE]” with the domain (域名) of the site you’re researching: link: http://www.[WEBSITE].com. For example, link: http://www.baidu.com.

The search ____________ will show you which websites link to the one you’re researching. If lots of sites are linking to your site, and those sites seem reliable, that’s a good ____________. Then it seems that you don’t need to worry about them too much

1.

A．perceive

B．cause

C．track

D．confirm

2.

A．flexible

B．informative

C．reliable

D．appealing

3.

A．started

B．banned

C．visited

D．evaluated

4.

A．temporary

B．accessible

C．existing

D．trusted

5.

A．Set up

B．Communicate with

C．Look for

D．Invest in

6.

A．However

B．Contrarily

C．In addition

D．For example

7.

A．Avoid

B．Greet

C．Notice

D．Run

8.

A．in place of

B．in resistance to

C．in favour of

D．on behalf of

9.

A．considered

B．screened

C．assessed

D．refreshed

10.

A．Site

B．Journalist

C．Source

D．Date

11.

A．updated

B．registered

C．spotted

D．clicked

12.

A．fields

B．companies

C．texts

D．websites

13.

A．illustrating

B．replacing

C．connecting

D．searching

14.

A．teams

B．firms

C．results

D．authorities

15.

A．sign

B．reputation

C．journal

D．product

8 . Anyone who has ever witnessed the miracle in which infants progress from mewling to “Mama” to “Mine!” knows how critical it is for youngsters to hear normally before they speak their first words. _______, many children who don’t talk by age two turn out to be deaf. The sooner their disability is discovered and _______, the less likely they are to fall behind in the development of important language and social skills. That is why a growing number of hearing specialists (audiologists) and parents are campaigning for _______ screening of newborns for hearing loss.

Their _______ has registered in some powerful ears. To date, 22 states have passed legislation requiring at least partial screening programs. Part of the push stems from _______ in technology that, among other things, allow children as young as two months to be _______ hearing aids. But there are limits to the technology. One thing parents should realize before they start is that the screening tests are far from _______. A bad result doesn’t necessarily indicate a problem.

Audiologists estimate that 3 out of every 1,000 babies are born with some kind of hearing loss. Of those three infants, one is profoundly deaf. About half the time, doctors can identify a possible cause, such as a birth weight less than 5 pounds, or a family history of _______. The rest of the time there is simply no _______ as to why a newborn’s hearing may have been affected.

The screening tests work by introducing a sound into a baby’s ear and then measuring either the ________ of the ear’s internal mechanisms or the electrical activity of the auditory portion of the brain (the auditory brain-stem response test). Just because a baby fails either test, ________, does not mean that there is a hearing problem. A temporary buildup of fluid in the ear canal or excessive noise in the nursery can ________ the results. For this reason, experts say, hospitals should ________ the screening tests for any baby who doesn’t pass the first time before telling the parents to consult an audiologist for more thorough testing.

It is at this stage that things get a bit ________. Though 20 of every 1,000 babies fail the two-step screen, most prove on further examination to be just fine. Is it worth ________ 17 families of perfectly normal children - not to mention asking them to spend several hundred dollars on advanced tests — to identify three infants with hearing loss?

1.

A．Indeed

B．Meanwhile

C．Occasionally

D．Surprisingly

2.

A．reported

B．accepted

C．treated

D．tested

3.

A．legal

B．random

C．further

D．compulsory

4.

A．charge

B．complaint

C．appeal

D．pursuit

5.

A．procedures

B．advances

C．practices

D．insights

6.

A．fitted with

B．provided with

C．entitled to

D．attached to

7.

A．reasonable

B．imaginable

C．reliable

D．predictable

8.

A．disorder

B．blindness

C．obesity

D．deafness

9.

A．solution

B．clue

C．reflection

D．doubt

10.

A．response

B．volume

C．capacity

D．activity

11.

A．however

B．therefore

C．for example

D．after all

12.

A．prove

B．produce

C．match

D．affect

13.

A．stop

B．review

C．repeat

D．improve

14.

A．shocking

B．distracting

C．unpredictable

D．complicated

15.

A．worrying

B．classifying

C．engaging

D．prompting

9 . Throughout history, humans have come up with ways to entertain themselves using objects such as cards, counters, and boards. Over thousands of years, these have evolved (进化) into the games we know today, from traditional sets with simple rules and basic pieces, all the way to modern electronic consoles (see the picture attached on the right-hand side) with advanced technology and lifelike interactive graphics (图形).

Strategy game Chess Where Asia       When c. 600 AD Many countries claim to have invented chess but one forerunner of the game appeared in India in the 7th century. Over the centuries chess has evolved and spread across the globe, becoming one of the most popular strategy games. It is played with two players who take turns to move 16 pieces to attack each other’s king. The aim is to trap the king into checkmate (将死), so that it cannot move to safety.
Card game Chinese playing cards Where China       When 9th century AD The earliest known playing cards are believed to have originated in China during the Tang Dynasty, though how games with these cards were played is not known today. The modern pack of 52 playing cards, with ♥hearts, ♠spades, ♦diamonds, and ♣clubs, developed much later, in France during the 15th century.
Word game Crossword Where US       When 1913 The first crossword puzzle was published in the Sunday supplement (增刊) of the New York World newspaper. A series of written clues help the player complete a grid (方格) of horizontal and vertical missing words. Crosswords are not only entertaining, but also expand vocabulary and aid brain development.

1. Which of the four choices best matches the description on the left?

A．	B．
C．	D．

2. The underlined word “forerunner” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________.

A．follower

B．pioneer

C．winner

D．loser

3. The passage is likely to be an excerpt from ________.

A．Cultures of Asia	B．Playing Games
C．20th-century Fashion	D．Scientific Inspiration

10 . Universal Rhythm

Poet Henry Wadsworth Longfellow called music “the universal language of mankind.” Now researchers may know why.     1     And these characteristics tend to be those that gather people, the researchers said.

“Our findings help explain why humans make music,” study researcher Thomas Currie from the University of Exeter said in a statement. “The results show that the most common features seen in music around the world relate to things that allow people to coordinate (协调) their actions.     2    It can be a kind of social glue.”

Currie, along with Pat Savage, a doctoral student at the Tokyo University of the Arts, and their colleagues analyzed music from around the world, examining 304 recordings from the online Garland Encyclopedia of World Music. The music samples came from every inhabited continent, from both vocal and instrumental music.

    3    They systematically coded the features of each piece of music and employed a comparison system similar to those used by evolutionary biologists to classify and statistically analyze organisms. Although they found no features that were part of all the songs analyzed, the researchers did find dozens of characteristics that were present in a majority of songs across different world regions.

Some of these characteristics were not surprising, such as the music’s tendency to use separate pitches, and equally timed beats and short musical phrases.     4    “It fits that we have two legs, so the music is probably related to the natural rhythms of movement,” said Savage. “And also, two is simpler than three, so maybe it’s easier to process and coordinate.”

A．The researchers analyzed the music samples using a few different classification schemes.

B．They also suggest that the main function of music is to bring people together and bond social groups.

C．some people, as far back as Darwin, have believed that singing evolved as a way for males to gain mates.

D．Others were more unexpected, like the discovery that two-beat rhythms are more popular than three-beat rhythms.

E．A new analysis of music from diverse cultures around the globe reveals that all music shares certain universal features.

F．Previous studies showed that people who experience music together are more likely to rate those who listen with them as helpful.