1 . Artificial intelligence (AI) has amazing potential to change the world, and we’ve only just begun to scratch the surface. As AI matures and people move further away from distinct programming and monitoring of systems, unidentified bias (偏见) might make decisions continue for a long time that cause
All too often, data sets are incomplete and the sample represented in the data set does not
Bias resulting from AI algorithms themselves, or algorithmic bias, is equally
To create ethical AI, companies need to put the
Having
None of this will be easy, but true innovation never is. By coming together and working on the problem of bias now, before it becomes a(n)
A.theoretical | B.psychological | C.disproportionate | D.unintended |
A.arise from | B.contribute to | C.take over | D.make up |
A.inspire | B.match | C.protect | D.restrict |
A.quit | B.administer | C.compare | D.analyze |
A.distinct | B.predictable | C.original | D.widespread |
A.restore | B.imply | C.miss | D.favor |
A.embarrassing | B.dangerous | C.relevant | D.ridiculous |
A.intentionally | B.temporarily | C.automatically | D.appropriately |
A.influence | B.help | C.attract | D.predict |
A.admit | B.define | C.address | D.publicize |
A.belongings | B.expressions | C.characteristics | D.needs |
A.civil | B.digital | C.legal | D.natural |
A.frequent | B.responsible | C.peculiar | D.graceful |
A.fair | B.quick | C.appealing | D.adequate |
A.leading | B.innovative | C.cultural | D.destructive |
Life May Actually Flash Before Your Eyes on Death
New data from a scientific “accident” has suggested that life may actually flash before our eyes as we die.
A team of scientists set out to measure the brainwaves of an 87-year-old patient who
It revealed that in the 30 seconds before and after, the man’s brainwaves followed the same patterns as dreaming or recalling memories. Brain activity of this sort could suggest that a final “recall of life” may occur in a person’s last moments, the team wrote in their study,
Dr Ajmal Zemmar, a co-author of the study, said that what the team, then based in Vancouver, Canada, accidentally got,
Dr Zemmar, now a neurosurgeon at the University of Louisville, said in the 30 seconds
Official Ticketing Service | |
Welcome to the official Louvre online sales site The Musée du Louvre is reopening and we are glad to be able to welcome you back again. In line with the measures taken to prevent the spread of COVID-19, visitors will be required to wear a mask. According to government recommendations, all visitors to the Louvre aged 12 years and two months or older must show a Health Pass. All visitors, including those entitled to free admission, must book a time period. Please accept our apologies for the inconvenience. | |
Individual tickets for the Museum Admission and reservation of a time period to access the permanent collections. Tickets valid for the selected date only. Full list of visitors entitled to free admission at Louvre.fr. General admission: €18 | |
The Musée du Louvre is open every day — except Tuesdays, January 1, May 1 and December 25— from 9:00 am to 6:00 pm. Visitors will be asked to leave the exhibition rooms 30 minutes before closure. All tickets purchased online are time-stamped and nominative (记名的); you may therefore be asked to provide proof of identity. They are only valid for the service, date and time selected. They cannot be used to skip the queue but do guarantee access to the museum within half an hour of the time shown on the ticket. Any holder of an online ticket who does not arrive within the assigned time period for admission to the museum shall be subject to the same admission and waiting conditions as visitors without tickets. | |
Visitors entitled to free admission (other than Louvre members) —Under 18s, proof of ID required —16-25 year-old residents of the European Economic Area (European Union, Norway, Iceland, and Liechtenstein), proof of ID and residency required Professionals —Teachers working in France, valid “Pass Education” required —Teachers of art, art history or the applied arts, valid proof of employment stating subject taught required —Artists with the Maison des Artistes or International Association of Art, valid proof required Other —Jobseekers, valid proof and ID required (dated within the last year or indicating a period of validity) —Disabled visitors and the person accompanying them |
A.introducing the exhibits at the Louvre |
B.providing ticketing information of the Louvre |
C.listing restrictions on admission to the Louvre |
D.clarifying the history of the Louvre |
A.€18 | B.€36 | C.€45 | D.€54 |
A.It is open every day except on Tuesdays. |
B.Its online tickets guarantee access to it at any time. |
C.Proof of ID is required for anyone buying its tickets online. |
D.Ticket holders may be refused to enter it if arriving an hour late. |
4 . Sea levels along coastlines in the United States will rise about one foot by 2050, with larger increases on the East and Gulf coasts, according to a comprehensive new report by climate scientists.
Oceans have already risen about one foot in the last century, as climate change melts glaciers (冰川) and ice caps around the world. But the pace is
The report gives the most concrete and certain sea level
Sea level rise
The new report adds up all those factors to give
Sea level rise is happening more
William Sweet, a sea level rise expert with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) and one of the authors of the new report, says cities that are not yet flooded should
Beyond 2050, the report makes clear that humans have a
A.dying down | B.paying back | C.holding on | D.speeding up |
A.records | B.extremes | C.predictions | D.solutions |
A.flexibly | B.clearly | C.randomly | D.incredibly |
A.continues | B.impacts | C.multiplies | D.varies |
A.added | B.drained | C.spilt | D.needed |
A.creatures | B.currents | C.ecosystems | D.voyages |
A.stable | B.crucial | C.unlikely | D.worse |
A.national | B.regional | C.apparent | D.approximate |
A.dig | B.turn | C.collapse | D.dive |
A.similar | B.scenery | C.distant | D.diverse |
A.projected | B.obliged | C.permitted | D.noticed |
A.sharply | B.mysteriously | C.unexpectedly | D.slowly |
A.make sense | B.take notice | C.keep pace | D.stay proud |
A.scheme | B.cancel | C.change | D.delay |
A.promise | B.quarrel | C.choice | D.protest |
5 . When I became an amputee (截肢患者) at age 29, I was forced to rethink the idea of physical perfection. My life became different, as I changed from an acceptably attractive woman to an object of pity and
Too busy
All eyes were upon me, yet no one dared to make eye contact. Their efforts to
While I sat thinking about what had happened, a small girl came up to me. She stared with unembarrassed
I explained that my legs had been sick. Since my legs hadn’t been strong and healthy like hers, the doctors had to
That incident made me think about how
To fulfill the wholeness of my mind and spirit, I now smile warmly, make eye contact, and speak in a confident manner. By using a
A.comfort | B.fear | C.hatred | D.sadness |
A.crying with | B.figuring out | C.holding back | D.dealing with |
A.endure | B.quit | C.revenge | D.succeed |
A.Instead | B.Moreover | C.However | D.Therefore |
A.calm | B.poor | C.proud | D.rare |
A.awakening | B.ending | C.happening | D.proceeding |
A.turn | B.hold | C.catch | D.avoid |
A.softly | B.protectively | C.reluctantly | D.pleasantly |
A.pity | B.anger | C.depression | D.upset |
A.curiosity | B.determination | C.enthusiasm | D.satisfaction |
A.lose | B.adjust | C.remove | D.stretch |
A.differently | B.positively | C.strangely | D.sympathetically |
A.painful | B.potential | C.similar | D.common |
A.conscious | B.guilty | C.ignorant | D.short |
A.creative | B.flexible | C.positive | D.scientific |
6 . It’s long been known that sugary drinks help people pack on unwanted kilograms. But new research suggests that
The new study was led by Mathilde Touvier, research director at the University of Paris. Her team collected data on more than 100,000 French men and women, average age 42, who took part in a national
The participants answered questions about how much of 3,300 different foods and drinks they consumed each day, and were
The study uncovered links between the consumption of sugary drinks and the risk of cancer
The connection between sugary drinks and cancer remained the same even after the team
So, why the
A group representing the drinks industry said sugary drinks can still be a part of the
Samantha Heller is a senior clinical nutritionist at NYU Langone Medical Center in New York City. She said she wasn’t
A.iced | B.mineral | C.bottled | D.sweetened |
A.tied | B.devoted | C.reduced | D.limited |
A.game | B.study | C.ceremony | D.examination |
A.checked | B.caged | C.occupied | D.followed |
A.in general | B.without exception | C.on the contrary | D.by accident |
A.unreliable | B.unexpected | C.authoritative | D.original |
A.uncovered | B.anticipated | C.established | D.hid |
A.hunted | B.adjusted | C.prepared | D.mounted |
A.research | B.similarity | C.connection | D.impact |
A.behaviors | B.assessments | C.perceptions | D.factors |
A.explaining | B.increasing | C.preventing | D.predicting |
A.local | B.nutritional | C.average | D.conventional |
A.safe | B.impossible | C.exceptional | D.effective |
A.neutralize | B.digest | C.remove | D.reduce |
A.annoyed | B.surprised | C.embarrassed | D.delighted |
7 . Gentle sound stimulation, also known as pink noise, may significantly enhance deep sleep in older adults and improve their ability to recall words, a new study has found.
Deep sleep is critical for memory consolidation. However, beginning in middle age, deep sleep decreases substantially, which scientists believe contributes to memory loss in aging. The sound stimulation significantly enhanced deep sleep in participants and their scores on a memory test. “This is an innovative, simple and safe non-medication approach that may help improve brain health,” said Phyllis Zee, professor at Northwestern University in the US. “This is a potential tool for enhancing memory in older populations and attenuating normal age-related memory decline,” said Zee.
Zee and a team of researchers gathered 13 adults, 60 and older, and monitored their sleep in a lab for two nights. On both nights, the participants took a memory test, went to bed while wearing headphones and a special cap, and took another memory test in the morning. But without the participants’ awareness, researchers only played pink noise into the headphones on one night. More specifically, they timed the sounds to match the participants’ slow-wave oscillations. During deep sleep, brain waves slow to about one oscillation per second, compared to about ten oscillations per second during wakefulness. The system they employed in the study allowed the team to deliver a low burst of pink noise at the “precise moment” when the participants’ slow waves rose — a pattern that is unique to each person.
The study found that participants’ slow waves increased after the night of sound stimulation, suggesting that they were getting more deep sleep. And on the morning after hearing pink noise, they performed three times better on memory tests than they did after sleeping without any sound stimulation.
Previous research showed pink noise during deep sleep could improve memory consolidation in young people. But it has not been tested in older adults. The new study targeted older individuals and used a novel sound system that increased the effectiveness of the sound stimulation in older populations.
The study was a relatively small one, so further research is needed to confirm its findings and to study how longer-term use of pink noise affects sleep. But Northwestern has taken steps to patent the researchers’ technology, which seems to have hit upon a way to stimulate slow waves at the right moment. The team hopes to develop an affordable device that people can use at home, from the comfort of their beds.
1. The new study mainly reveals that _____.A.deep sleep consolidates old adults’ memory |
B.pink noise boosts memory among the elderly |
C.sleep disorders play a key role in memory loss |
D.sound stimulation increases the length of sleep |
A.worsening | B.reversing | C.slowing down | D.bringing about |
A.It employed a sound system programmed in step with brain waves. |
B.It compared the effects on older adults and on younger populations. |
C.It repeated the experiment several times without the participants’ notice. |
D.It adjusted the participants’ slow-wave oscillations to match the stimulations. |
A.may put old adults in risk in the long run |
B.has the potential to be applied in practice |
C.requires an innovative and affordable device |
D.needs Northwestern’s patent for confirmation |
A.how | B.what | C.that | D.which |
Laziness and Lack of Sleep Can Shorten Your Life, Especially When Combined
You already know that smoking is bad for you and that drinking too much alcohol may shorten your life. Now a new study says that spending too much time in a chair and not having enough sleep should join a short list of behaviors
Sitting for a long time and lack of sleep were damaging in their own way, but when combined with more traditional risk factors,
The findings, published in the journal PLOS Medicine, make clear that “some risk behaviors tend to come together and
For instance, smoking was
These numbers are based on the lives of 231,048 Australians.
10 . I was putting on my boots just now in what the novelists call “a brown study.” There was no urgent reason for putting on my boots. I was not going out, and my slippers were much more comfortable. But something had to be done. I wanted a subject for an article. Now if you are accustomed to writing articles for a living, you will know that sometimes the difficulty is not writing the article, but choosing a subject. It is not poverty you suffer from, but an embarrassment of riches.
But what has this to do with putting on my boots? It is a reasonable question and I will tell you. For an hour I had paced my room in my slippers in search of a subject. I had looked out of the window over the sunlit valley, and watched the smoke of a distant train disappearing towards the west. I had sharpened every pencil I had on me with great care. But the more I sharpened my pencils, the more anxious I grew about the theme for an article.
It was at this moment that I remembered my boots. The act of bending my body changed the current of the blood. You saw things in a new light. So I fetched my boots and sat down to put them on.
The thing worked like a charm. For in my preoccupied condition I picked up my right boot first. Then mechanically I put it down and seized the left boot. And then the fact flashed on me that all my life I had been putting on my left boot first. If you had asked me five minutes before which boot I put on first, I should have said that there was no first about it; yet now I found I was in a habit so fixed that the attempt to put on my right boot first affected me. The thing couldn’t be done. And then came into my mind that fascinating book of Samuel Butler’s on Life and Habit. Yes, certainly, here was a subject that would “go.” I took out a pencil, seized some writing paper, and sat down to write on “The Force of Habit.”
1. By “It is not poverty you suffer from, but an embarrassment of riches.” in paragraph 1, the author means _____.A.some subjects are too complicated or embarrassing to write on |
B.poverty is no longer a problem nowadays, but embarrassment is |
C.poor people don’t encounter as many embarrassments as the rich |
D.there’re so many subjects that it’s hard to decide which to choose |
A.To help himself promote thinking. | B.To draw what he saw out of the window. |
C.To write his article more smoothly. | D.To relieve himself of anxiety about writing. |
A.get rid of his fixed habit | B.lower his blood pressure |
C.see things from a new angle | D.free his preoccupied mind |
A.personal attitude towards habits | B.daily routines as a professional writer |
C.writing process of a special article | D.decision making on the theme for an article |