A.Go to hospital. | B.Roll down the window. | C.Turn off the air-conditioner. |
A.To make an apology. | B.To advertise a product. | C.To rearrange delivery. |
A.Tasteless. | B.Simple. | C.Awesome. |
1.你对困难的理解和态度。
2.分享你的一次相关经历。
3.提出应对困难的建议。
注意:1. 词数100左右;
2.可以适当增加细节, 以使行文连贯。
What to Do in the Face of Difficulty
_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ ),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线 (\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11 处起)不计分。
Last Saturday was May Day, which my class participated in the labor practice hold in our school vegetable base. At dawn, we cycled to base. On arrival, we were shown around by our teacher and then assigned different task. Under the teacher’s guidance, we turned down the soil, weeded, planted vegetables like tomatoes and eggplants and water them. Looking at lines of young green vegetables, we both felt excited. The teacher cheerful said we’d enjoy vegetables grown by ourselves soon, which filled us with a sense of achievement. At noon, we went back to school. The meaningful activity offered to us a chance to learn about farming. Though tiring, we did feel the pleasure and value of labor.
On November 14th, 2022, the Paris 2024 Olympics and Paralympics presented their official mascots (吉祥物) — the Phryges. The cartoonish
The two mascots share a motto of “Alone we go faster, but together we go
The design of the Phryges was inspired by small Phrygian caps, an item of clothing
7 . When you ask people to judge others by their speech, a trend emerges: Listeners dislike disfluency. Slow talkers producing loads of ums and pauses are generally considered as less charming. But science tells us there may be even more to disfluency.
Disfluencies do not occur in arbitrary positions in sentences. Ums typically occur right before more difficult or low-frequency words. Imagine you’re having dinner with a friend at a restaurant, and there’re three items on the table: a knife, a glass, and a wine decanter (醒酒器). Your friend turns to you and says, “Could you hand me the…um...” What would you assume your friend wants? Since it’s unlikely that they will hesitate before such common words as knife, and glass, chances are you’ll pick up the decanter and ask, “You mean this?”
This is exactly what we demonstrated through controlled eye-tracking studies in our lab. Apparently, listeners hear the um and predict that an uncommon word is most likely to follow. Such predictions, though, reflect more than just simple association between disfluencies and difficult words; listeners are actively considering from the speaker’s point of view. For example, when hearing a non-native speaker say the same sentence but with a thick foreign accent, listeners don’t show a preference for looking at low-frequency objects. This is probably because listeners assume non-native speakers may have as much trouble coming up with the English word for a common object, like a knife, as for unusual ones and can’t guess their intention.
In another experiment, listeners were presented with an atypical speaker who produced disfluencies before simple words and never before difficult words. Initially, participants displayed the natural predictive strategy: looking at uncommon objects. However, as more time went by, and they gained experience with this atypical distribution of disfluencies, listeners started to demonstrate the contrary predictive behavior: They tended to look at simple objects when hearing the speaker say um.
These findings represent further evidence that the human brain is a prediction machine: We continuously try to predict what will happen next, even though not all disfluencies are created equal.
1. What does the underlined word “arbitrary” mean in Paragraph 2?A.Random. | B.Leading. | C.Obvious. | D.Consistent. |
A.Non-native speakers’ accent won’t influence listeners’ predictions. |
B.Non-native speakers are good at coming up with unusual English words. |
C.Non-native speakers’ intention in communication is easy to understand. |
D.Non-native speakers’ disfluencies are a little less predictive. |
A.Simple things are difficult in some cases. | B.Listeners can adjust predictions accordingly. |
C.Distribution of disfluencies is unchangeable. | D.Disfluencies in communication can be avoided. |
A.Pauses Coexist with Prediction | B.Active Listeners Simplify Talks |
C.Disfluency Says More Than You Think | D.Brains Are Powerful Prediction Machines |
1. What modules will Miss Holiday teach?
A.Rivers and Climate. | B.Rivers and Population. | C.Climate and Population. |
A.Note-taking. | B.Presentations. | C.Projects. |
A.Read widely. | B.Make a reading list. | C.Go on more field trips. |
1. How does the woman feel in Kids & Clay?
A.Fairly tired. | B.A bit disappointed. | C.Quite pleased. |
A.Being organized. | B.Being concentrated. | C.Being patient. |
A.Specialized training. | B.Practical experience. | C.Degrees and certificates. |
A.Showing kids every step clearly. |
B.Offering kids incredible ideas. |
C.Encouraging kids to be creative. |
1. Who will pick up the woman at the airport?
A.The man. | B.The man’s driver. | C.The man’s workmate. |
A.On the phone. | B.At an airport. | C.At the hotel. |
A.Go to meet the man. | B.Have a good sleep. | C.Wait for the man’s driver. |
A.At 1:00 pm. | B.At 8:00 pm. | C.At 9:00 pm. |