1 . In Denmark, bicycling is one of the primary forms of transportation. In sunshine, rain and snow, you will see cyclists on their way to work, to the grocery store, or to social events. The bike is a Dane’s best friend.
Danish cycling culture is as old as the bicycle itself. Bikes were first introduced to the country in the 1880s, and during the 1920s and 1930s, the bicycle became a widespread symbol of equality and freedom. People of all social classes began biking side by side — in the cities on their way to work and in the countryside on their days off.
The increased prosperity of the late 1950s saw some Danes replacing bikes with motorcycles and automobiles. Just like their colleagues around the world, Danish urban planners believed the future belonged to cars, trucks, and ever-wider highways. In the early 1970s, however, the Mideast oil crisis terminated that development. “Car Free Sundays” were introduced in Copenhagen, and protests demanding Copenhagen to become car-free took place. Over time, concerns about air pollution, climate change, and the need for people to get enough exercise have helped bicycles make a big comeback. Denmark’s heavy taxes on petrol and automobiles are a factor, too.
Today, cycling is an inseparable part of Danish culture. Newcomers who do not know how to cycle are encouraged to learn as soon as they arrive. Danish children usually learn to bike before they begin school at the age of six — and often much earlier. In school, children learn about traffic rules, road safety, and the importance of wearing a helmet as well as good cycling habits. Another alternative for families with children is the cargo bike — a sort of oversized tricycle with a large wooden box on the front. It’s estimated that a quarter of all Copenhagen families with two or more children own one of these cargo bikes for transporting kids, groceries, and other necessities. Danish cargo bikes have also won design awards and become a Danish export success.
Commuting by bike is the fastest, easiest and most environmentally friendly way to get around the cities of Denmark. And the numbers speak for themselves: Residents who cycle in Copenhagen request 1.1 million fewer sick days. Cyclists reduce CO2 emissions by 20, 000 tonnes a year on average.
1. What led to the popularity of bicycles in Denmark during the 1920s and 1930s?| A．The convenience of the bike. | B．The prosperity of the economy. |
| C．The construction of wide highways. | D．The idea that the bike represents. |
| A．promoted | B．ended. | C．permitted. | D．funded. |
| A．They are primarily used by families with one child. |
| B．They are unpopular among local residents. |
| C．They are designed for practical use. |
| D．They are the national symbol of Denmark. |
| A．To highlight the popularity of cycling. | B．To compare cycling with driving. |
| C．To show the benefits of cycling. | D．To demonstrate the effectiveness of cycling. |
2 . It was not until photographer Rita Nannini left New York that she grew fascinated by the city’s subways. While living in Manhattan for some 15 years in the 1980s and early 1990s, Nannini only commuted (通勤) on the one train-given the subway system’s bad reputation. But after relocating to New Jersey for several years where subway is not an option, Nannini found that absence did make the heart grow fonder — maybe even for pizza rats. During her visit back to New York, Nannini nodded, noticing improvements in the subway’s facilities.
While Nannini was waiting for a train, a bench on the platform opposite caught her attention due to the ever changing faces and characters. They were people of different accents, colors and beliefs. They were from all walks of life, a diverse mix of New Yorkers all there for their own different reasons. Having learned the teenagers’ popular “End of the Line” challenge — boarding trains at random and riding them until their final destination; Nannini decided to visit every first and last stop across the NY subway’s lines with her beloved camera.
Nannini’s “End of the Line” experience saw her traveling some 665 miles across 26 routes in New York city. She took over 8,000 photos of the final stations, as well as the communities they served. In many cases, she rode the routes two or three times over to ensure she got “the shot”. “The project really shows me how important the subway is, and how sustainable it makes our lives,” she said
“It’s often said that my photos show the end of the lines — the last stops,” she said. “But theend of the line is indeed the start for so many people. That made me think about who the people and the communities that live at the two ends are and what it is that the subway means to them.”
Nannini was proud of her set of images directly challenging the traditions of story telling, which echoed both the boredom and excitement of travel on tracks.
Nannini enjoyed taking her time, starting her challenge in 2013 and only shooting the final photos last year. Her first monograph on the terminal stops of the NY subway was released in April 2023.
“When you drive in the suburbs, you don’t have those encounters,” she continued. “People enter your life on the subway. That’s what strikes me most on my jouney on tracks.”
1. How did Nannini find the New York subway during her revisit?| A．It tumed out fine. |
| B．It was depressing. |
| C．It still held the same bad reputation. |
| D．It would be her only commuting option. |
| A．The diversity of New Yorkers’ daily life. |
| B．The inspiration for Nannini’s subway shots. |
| C．The popularity of “End of the Line” challenge. |
| D．The challenges of Nannini’s job as a photographer. |
| A．Her way of telling stories is traditional. |
| B．She expressed sympathy for the subway riders. |
| C．Her photography is highly expected by the encounters. |
| D．She found life on tracks was more interesting than life on wheels. |
| A．“End of the Line” Challenge: A New Trend in NY Subways |
| B．The Road Home: Rita Nannini’s Record of her Subway Ride |
| C．Last Stop to New Start: A Photographer’s Rediscovery of NY Subways |
| D．New Yorkers’ Routine: A Surprising Mixture of Boredom andExcitement |
Exposed to the completely unfamiliar surroundings, I
1. 参加这个项目将使你接触中国文化。(动名词短语作主语)
2. 你将获得新的友谊。与许多西方国家相比，在中国生活、饮食和旅游费用比较低。
3. 不可否认的事实是，你可能会遇到诸如想家，适应新的环境和学习一门新的语言等困难。
4. 通过你的努力和他人的帮助，我相信一切会变得更好，最终你会觉得舒适自在。
5. 总之，抓住这个机会参与这个项目。
Dear David，
That's really good news!
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours，
Li Lua
With your efforts and others’ help, I’m certain
I’m studying in a university for my bachelor’s degree and
I
It was the first time that
