WHY DO WE CELEBRATE FESTIVALS?
Festivals are celebrated all around the world. They have a wide range of origins, such as the seasons of the year, religions, famous figures, and important events. Every festival has its different customs and unique charms. However, no matter how different they may seem, all over the world, the spirit of sharing joy, gratitude, love, or peace is common in all festivals.
Of all the traditional festivals, the harvest festival can be found in almost every culture. This important agricultural festival takes place after all the crops have been gathered in. People celebrate to show that they are grateful for the year’s supply of food. In ancient Egypt, the harvest festival was celebrated during the springtime— the Egyptian harvest season. It featured a parade and a great feast with music, dancing, and sports. Today, in some European countries, people decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and get together to celebrate over a meal. During the Mid-Autumn Festival in China, families gather to admire the shining moon and enjoy delicious mooncakes.
Customs play a significant role in festivals, but sometimes they can change over time. With the development of modern society and the spread of new ideas, some traditions may fade away and others may be established. One example is the typical Chinese Spring Festival custom of lighting firecrackers to drive away the evil spirits and celebrate the new year. Nowadays, many big cities have given up this custom in order to avoid air pollution. Another example is Halloween, which slowly became an exciting festival for children, in spite of its religious origins.
Festivals are becoming more and more commercial, with businesses taking advantage of the celebrations. Online shopping websites and social media apps have made it much easier for the public to spend more on gifts for their loved ones. Although some believe festivals should not be commercialised, others believe the increase in spending is good for the economy and public happiness.
Festivals are an important part of society. They reflect people’s wishes, beliefs, faiths, and attitudes towards life. They are occasions that allow us to relax and enjoy life, and forget about our work for a little while. They help us understand where we came from, who we are, and what to appreciate. And if you study festivals carefully, you may be surprised to find that different cultures actually have a lot in common after all.
1. What’s mainly talked about in the text?From the title, we can predict the passage is mainly about
2. Match the main idea with each paragraph.
a.The harvest festival. b.Festivals are an important part of society. c.Festivals are celebrated all around the world. d.The customs in festivals. e.The commercialised festivals. |
Para.2
Para.3
Para.4
Para.5
Importance of Festivals in a Child’s Life
Festivals are a part of our culture. We have grown up around them. Children enjoy festivals more than adults. In fact, there are a lot of things that children can learn from celebrating festivals.
Festivals mean that the entire family can be together. Kids and parents find time to help each other to decorate their houses, prepare delicacies(美食), make gifts and so on. This allows children to form a stronger bond with their family and relatives.
Create a sense of togetherness
Celebrations always involve people coming together and helping each other to have a good time. In fact, it brings families closer and makes them more connected.
Festivals are a great way to understand one’s culture. A child can be taught more about their culture and their country during festivals and celebrations. This makes them proud of their country and culture.
Festivals also mean gift-giving and sharing. The exchange of gifts teaches children to share joys. When children participate in donating or gifting to the poor during festivals, they learn to share and care for others. While celebrations can be a fun time for children, the lessons they receive are even more valuable and long-lasting.
A. Bring family togetherB. Learn the value of sharing
C. Understanding their parents
D. Help them know their culture
3 . Here are some wonderful festivals around the world that happen in spring. If you want to know more about them, please click Here or visit http://www.buddhanet.net/festival.Htm
SongKran—Thailand
Dates:13 th-15th, April
In Thailand, people celebrate a festival called Songkran, when people head out to the streets with water guns to spray(喷洒) everyone who walks past. It’s a very important traditional celebration in the country.
Naghol—Vanuatu
Dates: Every Saturday from April to May
Every year, villagers come together to celebrate the harvest of yams(甘薯), an important part in the people’s diet in Vanuatu. The festival is most famous for its “land diving(潜水) ceremony”. During the ceremony men and boys dive to the ground from high wooden towers with only two thin vines(藤) tied to their feet.
Cherry Blossom Viewing —Japan
Dates: The cherry blossom season is different from year to year depending on the weather.
The festival is well-known. The Japanese celebrate the days when the flowers finally blossom. Only a few days later, the petals(花瓣) fall to the ground, like pink snowflakes. That means the traditional festival only lasts for several days. In Japan, almost everyone has picnics in the parks to view the flowers.
Sinhalese New Year —Sri Lanka
Dates: 13th or 14th, April
Just like in many other countries in South East Asia, this is the time when people celebrate the traditional New Year, an ancient celebration which marks the end of the harvest season and is one of two times of the year when the sun is straight above Sri Lanka. There are a lot of delicious foods during the celebration.
1. What will most likely happen to a tourist walking in the street during SongKran in Thailand?A.He will get wet. | B.He will hurt his feet. |
C.He will be treated to delicious foods. | D.He will see some petal falling. |
A.Thailand. | B.Vanuatu. | C.Japan. | D.Sri Lanka. |
A.It is a traditional festival. | B.It is a very famous festival. |
C.Its date is different every year. | D.It provides visitors with delicious foods. |
A.the arrival of lots of tourists | B.the end of the harvest season |
C.the beginning of farming | D.the sun is closest to the country |
A.On TV. | B.In a report. | C.On the Internet. | D.In the newspaper. |
4 . Events and festivals in Italy are some of the main draws to this historic country. The traditions, culture, and incredible art all come together to provide some of the biggest and best events in the world.
Carnival of ViareggioIn 2024, the Carnival of Viareggio will host six parades in February. What once started as a simple parade with carriages in 1873 has now turned into a large event, with thousands attending each year to catch a glimpse of the famous allegorical papier mäché floats that tower above the promenade.
Venice CarnivalThe 2024 Venice Carnival is bound to be one of the best yet. The theme is travel and discovery with a celebration of Marco Polo on the 700th anniversary of his death. Originating from Venice, the 2024 Venice Carnival is all about celebrating one of its most famed travellers. The iconic Italian celebrations take place between January 27th and February 13th with a host of fantastic feasts, sensational celebrations, passionate parades, and captivating costumes, transporting you to another world.
Palio di SienaThe Palio di Siena is a historic horse race where ten horses, each representing a different Siena neighbourhood race around Piazza del Campo. There are two races each year, on July2nd, the Palio di Provenzano, and on August 16th, the Palio dell’Assunta, While the races only last less than two minutes, it is the electric energy, prominent parades, and exciting celebrations leading up to the races that have kept this Italian event alive since the 1600s.
Verona Opera FestivalEach year between June and September, the Arena di Verona, a 1st-century Roman amphitheatre, boasts a true celebration of the art of opera with various performances. The2024 Verona Opera Festival takes place from June 8th through September 7th, providing visitors ample opportunity to see some of the most famous operas in the world in the country it originated.
1. When can you take part in the event with a history of around 150 years?A.In January. | B.In February. | C.In July. | D.In August. |
A.Marking a famous traveller. | B.Telling the history of Venice. |
C.Promoting the culture of Italy. | D.Sensing the beauty of carnival. |
A.Carnival of Viareggio. | B.Venice Carnival. |
C.Palio di Siena. | D.Verona Opera Festival. |
5 . Are you ready to go big, bright and bold the last night of the year?
If so, these destinations around the world have a well-deserved reputation for throwing a great New Year’s Eve gala.
Bangkok
Bangkok often comes to mind when travelers seek out Asia’s best nightlife cities. So it’s a natural place to ring in the new year if you like crowds, bright lights, noise and carnivals.
You may want to continue the celebration at one of Bangkok’s stunning bars such as Sky Beach Bangkok, the city’s highest bar, or Sirocco, also set high above the bustling streets.
Rio de Janeiro
If you want to greet a new year with about 3 million other souls in a warm beach resort with strong Brazilian atmosphere, head to Rio de Janeiro.
The main gathering at Copacabana Beach, which starts even before dark, traditionally features a variety of musical acts and fireworks. If you want to party in classic Rio style, pay a visit to Jobi Bar. It’s a social institution in the city, having been open since the 1950s.
New York City
Times Square in Manhattan - it’s synonymous with New Year’s Eve across the United States. Even if you haven’t been there in person for the 10-9-8 countdown, there’s a good chance that you’ve watched the famous ball drop on television.
If you don’t feel like jamming into Times Square with what must feel like half of all humanity, set off fireworks and fun at Grand Army Plaza, which is just off Prospect Park in Brooklyn.
1. What do the three spots have in common?A.You can see the ball drop. | B.You can experience the Brazilian atmosphere. |
C.You can be surrounded by masses of people. | D.You can appreciate the fireworks all night long. |
A.A river cruise. | B.Musical performances. |
C.Fireworks from hilltops. | D.Delicious food in classic Rio style. |
A.Jobi Bar. | B.Times Square. | C.Prospect Park. | D.Copacabana Beach. |
6 . Crazy-Creative Traditions in Schools
Here are a few schools’ crazy-creative traditions that will probably have you wish to go there so you could celebrate in all the graduation fun. Learn about them all in the below.
Attire (服装) and Flowers at College of Charleston
You fashionista will love this one. During December ceremony, women wear black dresses and men wear black tuxedos (燕尾服). During May ceremony, women wear white dresses and men wear summer tuxedos. It’s also been a tradition since the 1930s to carry flowers onto the stage: women carry bouquets of six red roses in a red bow and men wear a single red rose boutonniere (扣眼). So classy!
Hoop Rolling at Wellesley College
This all-women’s college tradition was originally held on May day, but it’s now held in April. The purpose was to allow students to essentially leave all their worries behind and just participate in some interesting games outdoors. Back in the day, it was said that the winner of the hoop rolling race was the first to be married, and in the 1980s she would be the first to be CEO. Nowadays, the winner would be the first to achieve her own happiness…that is, after being thrown into Lake Waban by all her classmates.
Fabric and Green Grad Recycling Program at University of New Hampshire
You’ll absolutely love this tradition. UNH’s vendor provides wrinkle-resistant caps and gowns made of recycled plastic bottles. Graduates then have the opportunity to donate their gowns to be cleaned and reused. Graduates are still able to keep their caps and tassels as keepsakes, all while helping to save the environment. The tradition has become a trend for many universities to follow, such as Husson University and Wake Forest University.
1. Which can you choose if you want to experience an amazing show?A.Wellesley College. | B.College of Charleston. |
C.The University of New Hampshire. | D.Husson University. |
A.Be CEO. | B.Have fun. |
C.Achieve happiness. | D.Be married. |
A.To collect plastic bottles. | B.To promote the tradition. |
C.To clean and reuse the bottles. | D.To protect the environment. |
7 . The Bedford School has held activities to celebrate the Chinese New Year before the winter vacation—this time with a unique change compared to other years. The celebration is a blend (融合) of traditional food, calligraphy, and a performance using Chinese instruments.
The school’s Chinese Society introduced an art form that attracted the students: Chinese calligraphy. The students were surprised at the combination (结合) of visual art and the interpretation (解读) of literary meaning as they wrote Chinese characters with grace. And they tried their best to make what they wrote correct and beautiful. The students also enjoyed delightful Chinese New Year foods, including spring rolls, rice cake, dumplings. They ate fish-shaped sweets with great enjoyment, symbolizing abundance (富足) for the coming year as the Chinese character for “fish” can also mean “surplus”. The idea behind this is that if we manage to have something left over at the year’s end, then more can be made in the new year. Keeping with tradition, the students exchanged red envelopes filled with sweets, symbolizing good luck and prosperity (繁荣). In Chinese culture, the color red symbolizes good luck and good fortune for the year ahead. This is why red decorations are used during many important cultural festivals and significant events.
Due to(由于)China’s rocketing economy and reputation (声誉), Chinese New Year has become a worldwide event. The Bedford School provided a great opportunity for the students to gain (获得) a deeper understanding of Chinese tradition and culture.
1. What can we know about the celebration of this year?A.It celebrated the winter vacation. | B.It focused more on Chinese traditional cultures. |
C.It was aimed at raising school’s reputation. | D.It was celebrated the same way as before. |
A.The writing time. | B.Teachers’ attitude. |
C.The beauty of the characters. | D.The school’s Chinese Society. |
A.To get pocket money. | B.To enjoy delicious fish. |
C.To keep with tradition. | D.To expect a rich new year. |
A.China’s role in the art world. | B.Chinese calligraphy. |
C.Chinese instruments. | D.China’s fast development. |
8 . Weddings are one of life’s biggest celebrations, and they are observed in just about every country and culture on the planet. Here are some wedding traditions from around the world.
Scotland
Scottish weddings usually feature the handfasting ceremony. During the ceremony, the bride (新娘) and bridegroom each hold a piece of cloth. These are carefully wound around the couple’s joined hands. When they pull their hands apart, the pieces become tied into a knot (结) — a symbol of the new union.
Germany
Guests at a German wedding get to see an interesting sight: the newly married couple — still dressed in their suit and wedding dress — cutting a length of a tree in half with a two-person saw (锯). In this way, they show their ability to work as a team to face any challenge they will meet in life.
Norway
A Norwegian wedding cake is made up of progressively smaller layers of iced cake rings, which give the cake the shape of Christmas tree. The inside is empty and has gifts or even a bottle of wine. The bride and g room lift the top ring of the cake, and the number of layers that stick to it is said to represent the number of children they will have!
England
Brides in England typically wear “something old, something new, something borrowed, and something blue” for their big day. The modern practice comes from a traditional English song, and the things themselves represent protection, cheerfulness, good luck, and purity, respectively.
Though the customs might vary, the feeling remains the same. Across the world, weddings are times to celebrate love, happiness, and family.
1. Why is a two-person saw used in the German wedding?A.To entertain the wedding guests. | B.To mark the couple’s united efforts. |
C.To represent the upcoming challenges. | D.To keep the couple from hurting each other. |
A.The Scottish wedding. | B.The German wedding. |
C.The Norwegian wedding. | D.The English wedding. |
A.Rules to follow. | B.Special customs. |
C.Ways to treat guests. | D.Cultural backgrounds. |
9 . Winter Solstice Celebrations From Around the World
The winter solstice (冬至), the longest night of the year, falls on December 21 or 22 in the Northern Hemisphere and June 20 or 21 in the Southern. Since ancient times, people all over the world have celebrated this important astronomical occurrence in different ways. Here are some solstice traditions both new and old to help light your way to longer days.
Soyal
Soyal is the winter solstice celebration of the Hopi Indians of northern Arizona. Ceremonies and rituals include purification, dancing, and sometimes gift-giving. On the day, Hopi welcome the protective spirits from the mountains.
Saturnalia
The ancient Roman festival of Saturnalia is perhaps the most closely linked with the modern celebration of Christmas. This festival happened around the time of the winter solstice and celebrated the end of the planting season. There were games and feasts and gift-giving for several days.
Midwinter in Antarctica
Even Antarctica gets its share of solstice celebration, thanks to the researchers staying there over the long, dangerously cold season. While those of us in the Northern Hemisphere are enjoying the most daylight hours, in the Southern Hemisphere they are celebrating Midwinter. Festivities include special meals, films, and sometimes even handmade gifts.
Dong Zhi
Dong Zhi, the “arrival of winter”, is an important festival in China. It is a time for family to get together and celebrate the year they have had. The holiday generally falls between the 21st and 23rd of December. It is thought to have started as an end-of-harvest festival. Special foods, such as Tang Yuan and Jiaozi, are enjoyed. Friends and family members occasionally express their blessings and care to each other through gifts.
1. Which of the following festivals has something with Christmas?A.Soyal. | B.Saturnalia. |
C.Midwinter in Antarctica. | D.Dong Zhi. |
A.They fall on the same day. |
B.They welcome protective spirits. |
C.They mark the end of the year’s harvest. |
D.Their celebrations all include gift-giving. |
A.News. | B.Sports. | C.Culture. | D.Weather. |
10 . Festivals are a part of our culture. We have grown up around them and have embraced them as a part of our lives.
Festivals are celebrated with people.
Festivals also mean that the entire family can be together and celebrate something they believe in. Kids and parents find time to help each other to decorate their house, prepare delicacies, make gifts, etc.
Festivals also mean gift-giving and sharing. The exchange of gifts teaches children to share joys during festivals
A.Festivals have much more to offer to the people. |
B.Festivals are a great way to understand one’s culture. |
C.This allows children to form a stronger bond with their family. |
D.Children are particularly the ones who enjoy festivals more than adults. |
E.On these days people from all walks of life come together to celebrate life. |
F.Children share sweets and gifts with relatives and friends to spread the joy of celebrations. |
G.Celebrations always involve people coming together and helping each other to have a good time. |