2 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

As we all know, China has countless     1    (attract). The Great Wall is probably one that is most familiar     2     the Western tourists. The Great Wall is like a giant stone dragon,     3    (wind) across the country from the ocean on the east-to the desert on the west. It     4    (be) the longest wall that has been built ever, 1, 500 miles in    5    (long). Along the wall are watch towers,     6     soldiers were on the watch for threats. The wall was     7    (origin) constructed to prevent invasion of neighboring states, and the majority of the existing wall is from the Ming Dynasty. From the top of the Great Wall, people can enjoy     8     impressive view of continuous mountains, green trees and blooming wild flowers. If we were to build such a wall now, we would use modern machines.     9    , the ancient Chinese had to build the wall by hand. The reason why the Great Wall attracts tourists from all over the world every year is that it     10    (represent) the highest wisdom of ancient China. Just as the saying goes, “He who has never been to the Great Wall is not a true man.”

3 . When our ancestors were peasants in the earliest days of agriculture, the daily schedule was: work in field all day, eat midday meal in field, continue working in field. Today, after centuries of human advancement, it goes something like: work in coffee shop all day, buy and eat lunch there, continue working on laptop until the sun sets. Though it may seem like the tech boom and gig economy(临时工经济) led the way in this modern mobile work style, working and dining have always been closely connected. In major cities like New York, Washington D.C., Sydney and Hong Kong, restaurants are changing into official co-working spaces during off-peak hours.

Dr. Megan Elias, director of the gastronomy program at Boston University, says food and business have been linked since as far back as the ancient Sumer (who established civilization as we know it around 4000 B.C.) “What we think of as street food has always been part of human civilization,” she says. “There have always been marketplaces where humans came together to conduct some kind of business — like trading grain, trading animals or building houses. As long as there have been marketplaces, people have been eating at them while also doing business.”

The first example of a brick-and-mortar “restaurant” came during the merchant economy in the 15th and 16th centuries, according to Elias. During this stage in European, African, and East and South Asian history, inns allowed merchant businessmen to rest — and of course, eat — throughout their travels. During the colonial era of the 1600s and 1700s, concrete examples of American restaurants emerged as “Coffee Houses”. Coffee Houses were places that had newspapers, which at the time were very small and commercial,” author and social historian Jan Whitaker explains.

Coffee houses remained tradesman staples throughout the early 19th century, with simple menu items like rolls and meat pies. More “grand meals,” as Elias calls them, were still taking place within homes for non-traveling folk. But, when the U.S. began industrializing in the 1840s and people stayed near workplaces during the day, eating establishments popped up around factories.

“Industrialization of the city is also restaurantization of the city,” Elias says. “Places sprung up to serve a business lunch crowd and an after-work dining crowd again, still doing business.”

1. Why does the author mentioned our ancestors in paragraph1?

A．To lead in the topic of the passage.

B．To present examples in the ancient times.

C．To raise questions on working style.

D．To remember ancestors’ working style.

2. When did restaurants begin to provide not only eating but sheltering?

A．Around 4000 B.C.	B．In the 15th and 16th centuries.
C．During the 1600s and 1700s.	D．In the early 19th century.

3. What can we learn about Coffee houses?

A．Newspapers were produced there first.

B．The food served there was limited at first.

C．They were especially popular around factories.

D．It was a perfect place for entertainment and eating.

4. What can be best title of the text?

A．The Function of Eating out.	B．The Slow Formation of the Modern City.
C．The Evolution of the Restaurant.	D．The Age of More Work, Less Eating.

4 . Photographic self-portraits have existed for as long as cameras have been in human hands. But what about selfies in space? On Twitter last year, NASA astronaut Edwin Aldrin, who famously became the second man to walk on the moon in July 1969, laid claim to a spaceflight first: taking the first selfie in space during the Gemini XII mission in 1966.

“For me, it needs to be digital to be selfie,” argues Jennifer Levasseur, a director at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum. According to Levasseur, the concept of a selfie is directly linked to internet culture. “The thing that makes a selfie is sharing it,” she says.

Still, astronauts have been carrying cameras aboard space vehicles since the 1960s. In 1966, Aldrin used a Hasselblad camera designed specifically for space. Hasselblad also painted the first camera in space a matte(磨砂) black to reduce reflections in the orbiter window. But cameras used in space need to survive extreme conditions, like temperature swings from -149° to 248°F, so Hasselblad painted later model silver.

Astronauts visiting the moon then had to take out the film and leave their camera bodies behind when they returned to Earth, because early space missions were limited by a weight limit on the returned trip. Then a big change in space camera technology came after the space shuttle Columbia broke apart on its return to Earth in 2003, Levasseur notes. “Fear that they’d never be able to bring film back from space and lose all that hard work accelerated the push for digital,” she says.

Today, astronauts also have access to internet and social platforms in space and can post true space selfies made using digital cameras. Similarly, space robots are participating in selfie culture, capturing remote pictures of themselves in space or on other planets and sending them back to Earth.

1. Why do selfies in space need to be digital according to Jennifer Levasseur?

A．Astronauts are fond of studying technology.

B．Astronauts are eager to be famous on the Internet.

C．Astronauts desire to communicate on social platforms.

D．Astronauts want to overcome the fear in space.

2. Why can the Hasselblad camera adjust to the temperature changes in space?

A．It is painted silver.

B．Its matte black gathers light.

C．Its design is special.

D．It can reduce reflection itself.

3. What contributed to the faster development of camera technology in space?

A．The heavy space tasks.

B．A returned space shuttle.

C．A spaceflight crash.

D．The improved film.

4. What can be a suitable title for the text?

A．The Origin of Selfies in Space

B．The Brief History of Selfies in Space

C．The Significance of Selfies in Space

D．The Popularity of Selfies in Space