1 . Today’s amazing newspaper headline!
First family of four to walk to the South Pole wearing Mickey Mouse ears and clown’s shoes.
No, not really. It isn’t true. I invented it. But I wouldn’t be surprised to see it one day soon. It seems that every week someone becomes ”the first” or “the youngest” or “the oldest” or even “the first married couple” to do something that doesn’t seem to be very useful to the rest of humanity.
This year I’ve seen headlines saying “The youngest person to sail the Atlantic alone”, “The youngest Briton to climb Mount Everest”, and “The first people to fly around the world in a hot air balloon”. Why do they do it? Don’t they have better things to do with their time and money? And why should I be interested anyway?
Human beings have already climbed the highest mountains, sailed across the oceans and flown around the world. People have already reached the most remote parts of our planet. Many of these things were done a long, long time ago. There just isn’t anything left to explore nowadays. I suppose there’s still a lot of the universe left, and the bottom of the oceans is still a bit of a mystery, but you need a lot of technology to explore areas like that. So, those people who feel the need for adventure can only do things that have been done before. So they have to try and do it in a new way, or be “the fastest” or “the youngest” or “the oldest” to do something that isn’t really new at all.
What is so great about climbing Mount Everest these days anyway? It’s become a popular tourist trip. People pay thousands of dollars to be taken up the mountain by the local Sherpas, who lead the way and carry the bags. At any one time there are about a thousand people either climbing up or on their way back down. As a result, Everest is covered with rubbish and the Sherpas have to make special trips up the mountain to pick it up. The climbers are often inexperienced and when they get into trouble other people have to risk their lives to bring them down to safety. Helicopter crews have been killed trying to reach people who were stuck on the mountain.
In January 2003 a helicopter carrying two British men crashed into the sea near Antarctica. I’m not quite sure what they were trying to be “the first” or “the youngest” to do. The Chilean navy picked them up after a nine-hour rescue mission that cost tens of thousands of pounds, all paid for by the Chilean and British taxpayers.
Talking of taxpayers, many Australians are getting a bit fed up with record breakers. A lot of people trying to break sailing or rowing records get into trouble in the seas around Australia, so the Australian navy has to send ships to save them. There have been a lot of difficult, time-consuming rescue missions in recent years costing the Australian government millions of dollars. I suppose we can’t just leave them to drown, but personally, I think we should give the bill to the people who are rescued. Perhaps they would think twice about doing it if they had to pay for expensive insurance premiums (保费). Then I wouldn’t have to read about them in the newspapers either.
1. The writer invents the newspaper headline in paragraphs 1 & 2 to ________.A.persuade readers of a new trend | B.entertain readers with his humor |
C.get readers interested in the topic | D.remind readers of an important event |
A.Mount Everest is now covered with a lot of rubbish |
B.climbing Mount Everest has already lost its true meaning |
C.it’s impossible to climb up Mountain Everest without help |
D.people without experience may get in trouble or even danger |
A.They have to pay for the costs of rescuing the record breakers. |
B.The Australian navy was not something intended for rescue work. |
C.The record breakers should pay for their insurance premiums themselves. |
D.A great number of people try to break records in the seas around Australia. |
A.It’s All Been Done Before | B.Never Do Something New |
C.You Are the Next Record Breaker | D.Be Responsible for Your Adventures |
2 . Twins may be more common today than at anytime in history. Researchers analyzed records from 165 countries and found a significant rise in twin birth rates since the 1980s, with one in 42 people now born a twin. According to the survey, the global twin birth rate has risen by one-third, on average, over the past 40 years.
“The trends are really quite striking,” said Christiaan Monden, a professor at Oxford University. “Over the past 40 years we’ve seen a strong increase in twinning rates in rich and developed countries. Globally, twinning rates have risen from nine to twelve per 1,000 births since the 1980s, but the picture varies from country to country. The greatest rises are seen in North America (71%), Europe (60%) and Asia (32%). In the UK, twinning rates rose about 62%. In the Oxford study, a decrease of more than 10% was found in only seven countries over the dates surveyed. “The absolute number of twin deliveries (分娩) has increased everywhere except South America,” Monden said. “In North America and Africa, the numbers have increased by more than 80%, and in Africa this increase is caused almost entirely by population growth.”
Raj Mathur, a doctor at St. Mary’s Hospital in Manchester, said, “It doesn’t surprise us that twinning rates have increased because the availability of assisted reproduction (生殖) has increased and also because women are slightly older when they have their first children, and both those things will increase the twinning rate.”
“The majority of twin babies are completely fine, but there is no doubt that a twin pregnancy (怀孕) carries greater risks for the mother and the baby. So when we can avoid it, we should avoid it. The principle we follow is simply summed up by the phrase ‘one at a time’,” Mathur said.
1. What do we know about the survey?A.It saw a world population growth. | B.It lasted nearly fifty years. |
C.It was the first research about twins. | D.It was based on plenty of data. |
A.South America. | B.Asia. | C.Europe. | D.Africa. |
A.It’s dangerous to be with child. | B.It’s wise to bring up a single baby. |
C.It’s best to have one baby at a birth. | D.It’s unavoidable to give birth to a twin. |
A.The Principle of Delivering Babies |
B.More Twin Babies Than Ever Before |
C.No Doubt About the Present Twinning Rates |
D.A Great Breakthrough in Human Reproduction |
3 . The word mukbang is from the Korean words “muk-ja” (let’s eat) and “bang- song” (广播). Hosts eat amounts of food in front of a camera while interacting with their audience. The show appeared first in South Korea, where the videos became popular via live stream(直播)channels.
The show comes from South Korea but other countries follow in significantly different ways. Take America as an example, Koreans plan their streams around dinnertime hours so viewers can feel like they are sharing a meal with a friend. And yet Americans tend (倾向于) to be more conversational in their videos which are pre-recorded. Korean mukbangers tend to eat traditional Korean dishes while American mukbangers eat a wider variety of foods.
Why are millions of people so drawn to watching perfect strangers eat in the first place? It’s a combination of sensory, psychological, social, emotional, environmental even neurological factors, says Rachel Herz, a neuroscientist at Brown University Alpert Medical School. She specially explains how food attracts our senses and develops our behavior when it comes to what we like to eat. A big part of that neurological factor is the ASMR (autonomous sensory-motor response), described as a brain feeling which can help people relaxed from the familiar sounds of eating in the mukbang videos.
Earning the popularity and money, more and more mukbangers appear. However, the show has not come without its unfavorable comments. As our habits change, we spend more and more social engagement on social media. It’s only a matter of time before mukbang affects our behavior around food. Viewers could probably develop unhealthy eating habits from watching. Despite the negative comments, mukbang continues to do well on the Internet and it doesn’t look like it’s slowing down anytime soon.
1. What do we know about Mukbang?A.It is an eating live show. | B.It is a TV channel |
C.It is an eating competition. | D.It is a video website. |
A.Play them without a stop. | B.Show various dishes in them. |
C.Record them after dinnertime. | D.Chat more with friends in them. |
A.Strangers like to eat what is on show. |
B.The viewers’ bad behaviors can get adjusted. |
C.Weak-minded people are most likely to overeat. |
D.The eating sounds can easily cause viewers’ interest. |
A.The changes of our habits. | B.The comments of viewers. |
C.The management of the show. | D.The development of the Internet. |
Environmentalists are getting more
5 . One Saturday afternoon in a small town, Emma came out of a shoe shop with some new shoes. They were
It was a
“Help! Help!” Emma cried. But nobody came. Emma
At the hospital a doctor looked at Emma’s head and back and told her to stay in hospital for a few days. Emma thanked the
Later, a policeman
After two days, in a morning a policeman came to the hospital with Emma’s new shoes and an empty bag. “A little girl
A.nice | B.suitable | C.cheap | D.expensive |
A.pleased | B.bored | C.patient | D.angry |
A.drive | B.walk | C.run | D.miss |
A.busy | B.noisy | C.quiet | D.safe |
A.Suddenly | B.Luckily | C.Finally | D.Happily |
A.eyes | B.nose | C.legs | D.head |
A.sat down | B.turned around | C.fell down | D.gave up |
A.quickly | B.slowly | C.easily | D.proudly |
A.kind | B.strict | C.strange | D.funny |
A.school | B.station | C.hospital | D.shop |
A.nurse | B.policeman | C.girl | D.doctor |
A.saw | B.reached | C.left | D.remembered |
A.closed | B.bought | C.borrowed | D.opened |
A.made | B.enjoyed | C.took | D.drew |
A.dropped | B.lost | C.carried | D.found |
6 . The Housing Problem
With the high speed rising in prices of houses, it is difficult for wage-earners to afford an apartment. Recently, the housing problem has been a widespread topic for people.
Facing the housing problem, most people believe that, for their limited income, to purchase a house, the family members have to spend a whole life to save money for the house. It is beyond their consideration at all, so they have to live in a small house with a big family and it is very common in big cities that several generations live under the same roof.
A.For another, now people in growing numbers are beginning to realize spending money ahead of time. |
B.People are too eager to buy a large house. |
C.Moreover, it should make policies guiding housing prices to be reasonable and affordable. |
D.All in all, the housing problem now becomes a social problem. |
E.Many parents are worried about the housing problem. |
F.Most people can’t afford it. |
G.But what causes the price of houses to rise so fast? |
7 . Research has shown that two-thirds of human conversation is taken up not with discussion of the cultural or political problems of the day, not heated debates about films we’ve just seen or books we’ve just finished reading, but plain and simple
Language is our greatest treasure as a species (物种,品种), and what do we
So why are we keen on gossiping? Are we just natural
Dunbar
Dunbar arrived at his cheery theory by studying the
As we human beings evolve from a particular branch of the primate family, Dunbar
But as the groups got bigger and bigger, the amount of time spent in grooming activities also had to be
A.claim | B.description | C.gossip | D.language |
A.finally | B.habitually | C.dependently | D.generally |
A.social | B.political | C.historical | D.cultural |
A.interviewers | B.masters | C.users | D.wasters |
A.important | B.effective | C.limited | D.difficult |
A.maintains | B.rejects | C.has | D.holds |
A.for example | B.in addition | C.on the contrary | D.as a result |
A.sense | B.appearance | C.emotion | D.behavior |
A.attack | B.contact | C.help | D.peace |
A.commits | B.develops | C.concludes | D.benefits |
A.challenge | B.responsibility | C.leadership | D.protection |
A.measure | B.show | C.maintain | D.ease |
A.saved | B.extended | C.shared | D.gained |
A.common | B.efficient | C.scientific | D.thoughtful |
A.indirect | B.daily | C.physical | D.secret |
Born in 551 BC, Confucius is considered a great
Last Friday
Preetema, director of the Confucius Institute at the Anton de Kom University of Suriname, said she
9 . From video games and museums to medical training, virtual reality (VR) has been changing our lives for the better. However, this amazing new technology has a so-far unsolvable shortcoming: motion sickness. “With modern VR systems, the possibility of motion sickness after only 15 minutes is anywhere from 40 to 70 percent.” Thomas Stoffregen, a researcher told ABC News. Indeed, some VR applications have a user-sickness rate of nearly 100 percent!
When caused by VR, this sickness is called cybersickness. It’s probably caused by sensory conflict, explains Stoffregen. When you are wearing a VR device, your body’s motion sensors cannot match the information received by your eyes. For example, when we wear a VR headset and ride a virtual roller-coaster, we think we are going up and down, but our bodies stay still. It leads to confusion of balance and spatial orientation. Sickness is our bodies’ natural response to this confusion. Adding to this problem, Stoffregen says, “Women are more likely to feel sick from the VR experience than men.”
According to a study by Bas Rokers, a scientist at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, US, one reason could be the headsets. To work properly, VR headsets must match up with your pupil distance. Since they are designed larger than the average PD, not everyone gets the best experience.
Rokers found that when the headset PD is too large, users experience greater discomfort. Based on his studies, about 90 percent of women have a shorter PD than the headset is designed for. In comparison, only 5 percent of men had this problem. ABC News says that cybersickness presents a “serious barrier” to widespread use of VR technologies. However, people believe it will become comfortable and easy to use and that it can play a great role in our lives.
1. What do we know about cybersickness?A.It’s a sickness caused by VR applications. |
B.It has a higher incidence among young people. |
C.It is caused by one’s poor sense of direction. |
D.It immediately happens when VR device is used. |
A.They have a poor sense of balance. | B.VR headsets are too large for their PDs. |
C.It’s difficult for them to set the VR headset. | D.They can feel discomfort more easily. |
A.Doubtful. | B.Uncertain. | C.Hopeful. | D.Worrying. |
A.The Reality of Cybersickness | B.New Treatments for Cybersickness |
C.Getting to Know Virtual Reality | D.Saying No to Virtual Reality |
A cruise ship