1. 你的看法;
2. 简述理由。
注意:
1. 词数100左右;
2. 可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯。
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2 . Every one of us may have been hurt by others — either by their words or actions. The best way to deal with the problem is to “forgive and forget”.
“It is well established that learning to forgive others can have positive benefits for one’s physical and mental health,” Saima Noreen, a scientist at the University of St. Andrews, UK, told the Huffington Post.
Recently, Noreen and her research team have found one more reason that you should stick to this principle — forgiving somebody who has hurt you makes it easier for you to forget the unhappy memory, according to their new study.
In the study, researchers asked volunteers to read descriptions of 40 different situations that contained bad actions such as stealing, lying and cheating. Imagining being the victims (受害者) , volunteers then had to decide whether they would be able to forgive. Two weeks later, volunteers took part in a memory test. In the test, they were shown a series of words related to the situations they had read about and then were asked to recall certain ones.
The results showed that people were less likely to remember the details of the unpleasant experiences if they had found forgiveness in their hearts. In contrast, if they hadn’t forgiven the mistake, they could always remember what had happened.
However, forgiving someone who has hurt you is always easier said than done. So Noreen hopes that one day in the near future research will give rise to powerful therapeutic (有疗效的) tools that will enable people to “forgive and forget” more effectively.
1. What have Noreen and her team found recently?A.They have found no reason to hurt other people. |
B.A memory test is necessary to help people forgive. |
C.An unpleasant experience can be easily forgotten. |
D.Forgiving helps us to forget unhappy memories. |
a. Take a memory test. b. Imagine being a victim.
c. Decide whether to forgive or not. d. Read descriptions of 40 different situations.
A.d→b→a→c | B.d→b→c→a | C.a→b→d→c | D.a→d→b→c |
A.Remember. | B.Translate. | C.Choose. | D.Explain. |
A.It’s impossible to forgive someone. | B.Noreen has finished her research report. |
C.There may be some therapeutic tools soon. | D.The therapeutic tools have been invented. |
3 . If you frequent any kind of public transportation, then you’re well aware of certain types of passengers and passenger habits that are annoying. But it’s not just other passengers that get angry, there are certain things that drive the train attendant crazy.
We’ve all been there in that moment when someone boards a train trying to take several huge items with them to wherever they’re trying to go. They wind up taking up way too much space and blocking seats.
For some reason, people have a bad habit of talking very loudly to one another to a point where you can hear them from opposite sides of the train cart (车厢). This goes for playing music as well. Some people like to play music through their phone. This really bothers fellow passengers on the train.
A.Being really loud |
B.Arguing with others |
C.Here are some of the most annoying things |
D.Then who would be in charge of playing music on the train |
E.It’s one thing if you’re having something small such as an apple |
F.This can make things uncomfortable for everyone else on the train |
G.Plus when other passengers complain, guess who has to take care of it |
4 . Airports are finding new ways to reduce travel stress, from eye-catching aesthetics (美学) to improved passenger flow. At Singapore’s Changi Airport, passengers get a close-up view of the world’s tallest indoor waterfall.
As you enter the airport, you look up at a large screen. Rather than showing dozens of arrivals and departures, the monitor greets you by name and tell you where and how far to walk to catch your flight. That’s the scene today in an area of the Detroit Metropolitan Airport. The personalized screens are part of a new generation of technologies rapidly being used in airports around the world as cities make up for delays (延误) and compete for travelers.
“Every airport wan wants a ‘wow’ factor — something people will remember after passing through,” says Darin Friedmann, Vice President and Head of Transportation Systems for Mitsubishi Heavy Industries America, a leader in automated people movers (APMs) at airports. The automated I people movers built by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries move more than 100 million people worldwide each year. New generations of these driverless electric trains feature oversized windows on all sides (including the doors), and HD video screens.
“In the past airports planning for people movers were focused just on getting people from here to there reliably,” says Friedmann. “Now they’re really taking the aesthetics seriously, too. After all, these trains provide travelers’ first and last impression of a city.”
Detroit’s personalized monitors are just one of many innovations designed to increase the flow of travelers through key airport choke points (阻塞点). Already, biometrics (生物识别技术) can help speed passengers through security. Before long, auto main and AI will route luggage more efficiently and reduce human error, while apps using geolocation will shout the information travelers need in real time: Exit the train at the next station; walk to the right for seven minutes to reach your gate,
In other words, today’s air travelers may be waiting in long lines, but they have something to look forward to. The airport of the future, a destination offering less stress, moments of beauty and all-around smarter travel, is arriving now.
1. What is the Detroit Metropolitan Airport like now?A.It has a smart monitor. | B.It has personalized seats. |
C.It has an impressive indoor waterfall. | D.It has huge arrival and departure screens. |
A.To tell their production process. | B.To compare them with the APMs. |
C.To explain their importance at airports | D.To give an example of a “wow” factor at airports. |
A.They’re more complex. | B.They’re more reliable. |
C.They’re more attractive. | D.They’re more environment-friendly |
A.Be patient. | B.Be optimistic. | C.Be clear-minded. | D.Be well-mannered. |
A.Janice’s arm injury. | B.Their messy house. | C.A car accident. |
6 . Each food product in the United States must show a “best before” date on its container. The goal is to tell the buyer when the food will be at its freshest. Most people believe it is unsafe to use the food product after that date. But some observers say “best before” labels have nothing to do with safety. They worry that the information will lead consumers to throw away food good to eat.
Some food sellers in Britain recently removed “best before” labels from prepackaged fruit and vegetables. The European Union may soon announce changes to its labeling laws. It may even end the requirement to include a date.In the US, there is no similar effort. Some big food store owners and food companies are pushing for the US Congress to pass new laws on the subject.
Studies have found as much as 35% of available food goes uneaten in the United States.That adds up to a lot of wasted energy. It also means more greenhouse gases coming from landfills. 7% of US food waste comes from people’s misunderstanding of “best before” labels. That percentage is equal to about 3. 6 million tons each year.
Richard Lipsit owns a store called Grocery Outlet in Pleasanton, California. He said we can safely eat canned goods and many other packaged foods for years after their “best before”date. People should look for changes in color, thickness, or feel to learn if foods are all right to eat. “Our bodies are very well equipped to recognize the signs of decay,” Lipsit said. “We’ve lost trust in those senses and we’ve replaced it with trust in these dates.”
If new laws are approved in Congress, food could be donated to food rescue organizations even after its quality date has passed. Food rescue is making efforts to find uses for outdated food. Currently, at least 20 states ban the sale or donation of food after its quality date has passed.
1. What do most people think of the food out of “best before” date?A.It is a threat to their health. | B.It is still fresh enough. |
C.It should be donated to food rescue organizations. | D.It should be sold at a lower price. |
A.To point out the mistake they have made. | B.To show the necessity for US to take similar measures. |
C.To stop US Congress from passing new laws. | D.To praise their efforts on the subject. |
A.There is an energy crisis in US nowadays. |
B.Food industry is polluting the country. |
C.The misunderstanding of “best before” labels is one cause of waste. |
D.People know nothing about “best before” labels. |
A.Food that has gone bad. | B.Food that is out of date. |
C.Food that is not expensive. | D.Food that has a rare color. |
7 . Children with strong family connections are associated with a high likelihood of flourishing in life, a study found. “What is different about this study is that it shows that family connection is associated with thriving and not just surviving or avoiding harm,” said lead study author Dr. Robert Whitaker.
Researchers surveyed over 37,000 children in 26 countries. In the study, family connection was determined by a mean score of five categories: care, support, safety, respect, and participation. Flourishing was determined by a mean score of six categories: self-acceptance, purpose in life, positive relations with others, personal growth, environmental mastery and autonomy. The essence of family connection is children feeling that they are accepted and cared for at home, which allows them to learn what their strengths and weaknesses are in a safe environment as they are building their identity,Whitaker said.
Children with the greatest level of family connection were over 49% more likely to flourish compared with those with the lowest level of family connection, according to the study. The highest scores in both family connection and flourishing came from children who said they lived with both parents, had enough food or never had their family worrying about finances. Researchers then controlled the data for families’ poverty levels to remove the effect they might have had on the numbers. After controlling the data, the strength of family connection still impacted how much children flourished.
According to Whitaker, adults have a very powerful influence on the emotional climate in the home, so it’s important to create a space where children feel seen and heard. A great opportunity to strengthen family bonds is around the dinner table. Adults should create an environment where children feel comfortable speaking freely. While they are talking,grown-ups should show that they have a genuine interest in what their children are saying. Silence is also another powerful form of communication, Whitaker said. Children and parents spending time together in silence or even doing chores can create a connection.
1. What is the study mainly about?A.The importance of family connection to children’s survival. |
B.The relationship between family connection and children’s success. |
C.The factors affecting children’ self-acceptance. |
D.The impact of poverty on children’s development. |
A.Children who live with a single parent. |
B.Children who have enough food and money. |
C.Children who know of their strengths and weaknesses. |
D.Children who have a whole family and economic security. |
A.Family income. | B.Parents’ educational level. |
C.Children’s age and gender. | D.The number of people in the family. |
A.By showing respect when children are talking. | B.By talking about their own problems. |
C.By keeping silent when disagreements arise. | D.By backing children’s opinions forever. |
8 . I came across an image recently of a distance runner with a message that told readers to persevere (坚持) at all costs. It reminded me of a conversation I had. My colleague’s teaching assistant was asking for my advice. He wanted to know when to quit something. He described how he’d been playing an online game with people for some time. It hadn’t been very fun lately, but there was always that small chance of a reward (upgraded equipment, etc).
I inquired further about his relationship with the players and his gains from the game. I then discussed the sunk cost dilemma, a concept I studied in advanced school due to its personal impact. In high school, I applied to five universities, planning to choose the cheapest one. SUU offered the best scholarship, and after paying a $100 commitment fee, I heard back from another school with an even better scholarship. Despite the new offer, I stayed committed to SUU, believing that switching schools, even if it meant acknowledging the “wasted” $ 100, would have been the wiser financial choice.
A rational (理性的) decision maker is not ruled by past investments, but weighs future outcomes. I didn’t focus on future outcomes when weighing colleges. I focused on the money I sunk into SUU. Rather than evaluating future career options, I focused on the fact that I’d already taken elementary education courses.
I’m not the only one that’s fallen prey to this. I wear clothes I dislike simply because I spent money on them (and that money won’t come back). Unhealthy relationships last because of the invested time (leading to more unhappy years). However, time, effort, or money that you’ve invested doesn’t mean you should continue. Society often stresses perseverance — never quit, never give up, don’t waste. However, only you know your right path. Walking away can be the toughest choice. You might realize a path you’re on is no longer the right one or never was.
1. Why does the author introduce a distance runner’s image at first?A.To make a contrast. | B.To give a definition. |
C.To draw a conclusion. | D.To illustrate a theory. |
A.Following suit as most people. | B.Taking elementary education. |
C.Valuing the development in future. | D.Overlooking past investments. |
A.Get benefits from. | B.Be harmed by. | C.Be interested in. | D.Get rid of. |
A.Perseverance is a virtue | B.The chosen path is the toughest |
C.Cut your losses for your winners | D.Walking away means losing all |
Many young people wants
Therefore, some of them are considering
For the above reasons, I suggest that young people be
10 . “It’s too sugary, I can’t manage very many,” said a friend. She wasn’t talking about dessert but about some fresh cherries. I bit into another cherry and realized she was right. The fruit was so sweet that it was as if it had been pre-sugared.
But the cherries of my childhood were much less sweet than today’s cherries. Some of them were hardly sweet at all, which made it all the more exciting when you happened upon a super sweet one.
Is modern fruit getting sweeter? The answer is yes. Some of the most powerful evidence comes from zoos. In 2018, Melbourne Zoo in Australia had stopped giving fruit to most of its animals because cultivated fruit was now so sweet that it was causing tooth decay and weight gain.
Breeding isn’t the only reason that modern fruit is sweeter; there’s also climate change. It’s found that since the 1970s, with rising temperatures, Fuji apples have become significantly sweeter and softer.
But the sweetness of modern fruit is not without its problems, especially for people with diabetes, who have to be careful to moderate their intake of higher - sugar fruits such as pineapple. Fruit that is bred sweeter also tends to be lower in the phytochemicals (植物化学成分) that make it so healthy.
Health aside, maybe the real problem with modern fruit is that it has become yet another sweet thing in a world filled with sugar. Even grapefruit, which used to be quite bitter, is sometimes now as sweet as oranges. If you’ve never tasted a sour cherry, how can you fully appreciate a sweet one? Experts put forwards some thoughts about how to appreciate the various tastes of modern fruit.
1. Why does the author mention her friend’s words in Paragraph 1?A.To introduce the topic of the extreme sweetness of modern cherries. |
B.To highlight the content of friend’s preference for sour cherries. |
C.To emphasize the importance of pre-sugaring fruits. |
D.To show the breeding and selection of modern fruit. |
A.The author believes it has no impact on health. |
B.The author sees it as a triumph of plant breeding. |
C.The author thinks it is a bit worrying in today’s world. |
D.The author is concerned that it will lead to bitterness in fruit. |
A.It is short of healthy phytochemicals. |
B.It may not be as tasty as it used to be. |
C.It could lack variety and contrast in taste. |
D.It doesn’t meet people’s need for sweetness. |
A.The advice on selecting modern fruit. |
B.The approaches to freeing bitter fruit. |
C.The comments about cultivated grapefruit. |
D.The research into the health of zoo animals. |