1 . In the workplace, there are many different cultures that coexist — including the company culture, the local culture of the business and the national or regional cultures of employees.
The culture of the workplace starts with the company’s vision, mission and core values and helps the leadership team manage the employees. It affects all major operations, including recruiting and onboarding employees, providing employees with compensation (赔偿金) and benefits and rewarding employees for good behavior. It also informs the way an organization trains and develops its staff, how it promotes employees and any workplace traditions it follows.
The work environment is deeply affected by the culture of the organization. For example, if one of the main elements of the workplace culture is teamwork, employees will know how important it is to help one another. They will be less competitive with each other, and will instead focus on succeeding together. Such a cultural characteristic can enable teams to be highly productive and motivated.
Local culture affects the way people behave in the workplace. For example, if it is a custom in local culture to spend a lot of time enjoying the natural landscape, then many employees will place importance on that activity as well. This may mean that employees spend their evenings and weekends hiking in the woods or swimming at the beach.
Employers can use elements of local culture to connect with and motivate their employees. Using this example of cultural behavior, the workplace can offer outdoor recreational passes as prizes for hitting business targets. In addition, having company functions outside at the beach or at a local park can further engage and inspire employees.
In today’s global economy, it’s common for workplaces to be made up of people from different national and regional cultures. Being culturally sensitive and aware helps employees to communicate effectively with their teammates and work toward shared goals. It’s important for employers to take cultural diversity into account when establishing their workplace policies. Teach employees how to be culturally sensitive to their colleagues and customers who have different cultural backgrounds. This can be done through cultural sensitivity training, and by learning about fellow workers. Consider creating a cross-cultural etiquette PDF and documenting how different cultures behave with regard to specific aspects of work. National and regional cultures can affect the way people communicate with one another, the holidays they celebrate and their relationship to time.
1. Which one does good workplace culture NOT contribute to?A.The rise of level of performance in the workplace. |
B.The promotion of workplace traditions. |
C.The building of teamwork. |
D.The more competitive working environment. |
A.It matches employees’ hobby. |
B.It is a way for the employees to get close to nature to relax themselves. |
C.It is a cultural behavior used to effectively motivate the employees. |
D.It is a custom to follow. |
A.By giving business training. |
B.By cultivating cultural awareness. |
C.By reading a cross-cultural custom PDF instead of paper. |
D.By changing the holidays its employees celebrate and their relationship to time. |
A.Local culture. | B.Nature and outdoor activities. |
C.Cultural behavior in the workplace. | D.Cultural diversity. |
2 . A is for always getting to work on time.
B is for being extremely busy.
C is for the conscientious(勤勤恳恳的)way you do your job.
You may be all these things at the office, and more. But when it comes to getting
Dale Carnegie suggested many years ago: Hard work alone doesn’t
“People take it for granted that office politics
In fact, today, experts
“The first thing people are usually
Yet, psychologists say, many employees and employers have trouble with the concept of politics in the office.
Experts suggest altering this negative picture by recognizing the need for some self-promotion.
1.A.along | B.ahead | C.across | D.up |
A.suggest | B.contribute | C.foresee | D.ensure |
A.rewards | B.burdens | C.reputation | D.psychology |
A.intends | B.concludes | C.involves | D.sacrifice |
A.So | B.Then | C.But | D.Though |
A.in general | B.by contrast | C.for instance | D.in return |
A.define | B.extend | C.motivate | D.adapt |
A.evidences | B.cases | C.offices | D.surroundings |
A.relied | B.counted | C.judged | D.instructed |
A.candidates | B.interviewees | C.employers | D.champions |
A.normal | B.academic | C.natural | D.similar |
A.action | B.nature | C.personality | D.potential |
A.Few | B.All | C.No | D.Some |
A.isolate | B.combine | C.separate | D.associate |
A.pretend | B.agree | C.appear | D.refuse |
3 . Developing better relationships with neighbours
Good neighbours are a lot like electricity or running water: we don’t know how much we depend on them until we don’t have them. They make our lives more pleasant and give us a sense of who we are, both as an individual and as a member of the community. Here’s how to develop your relationships with these very important people in your life.
Strike up a conversation. Often neighbours don’t even know each other’s names.
Reach out to the newcomers. These days, the old Welcome Wagon is a thing of the past. But your new neighbours may be feeling lonely and unsure, especially if they’re far from home, and might appreciate a friendly face bearing fresh-baked chocolate cakes.
Avoid causing inconveniences. Return anything that you borrow from a neighbour, such as tools, in good repair and as soon as you’ve finished with them. Replace anything that belongs to your neighbour that you, your children, or your pets break or soil. Make sure that your car is not blocking his doorway.
A.Be a good listener. |
B.If you value your friendships with your neighbours, spend time with them. |
C.But it’s okay to be the one to break the ice, even if you’ve lived next door for years. |
D.Care about the details. |
E.Recommend the best places to eat and sleep. |
F.Such random acts of consideration will have your neighbours talking. |
Have you ever heard the old saying,“Never judge a book by its cover? This is
Other people may fool you into overestimating their intelligence by
The only way
5 . Lying to friends and family members may seem like a way to lose their trust.
To study how these two types of lies affect relationships within social groups, researchers created a hypothetical (假定的) mathematical model. The model showed that individuals who tell anti-social lies become isolated (孤立的) within their social networks sometimes.
While the researchers created a hypothetical model, it could be used to understand how lying affects groups of friends in the real world.
A.Do white lies serve a social function? |
B.And real-world lies can take many forms. |
C.What exactly are the “right” reasons for lying? |
D.But new research suggests this may not always be the case. |
E.This type of lie weakens the friendships between two people. |
F.However, individuals who tell white lies don’t have such feeling. |
G.It could also help scientists understand the influence of lying in online communities. |
6 . We’re directly affected by our environment. When the rising temperature or the bitter cold is the first thing on your mind, it might be hard to discuss anything else. However, as a matter of fact, you needn’t have worried so much about this.
1.
Talking about shared interests is the easiest way to make a connection with someone-and more personal talking about the weather. When you start a conversation with someone, try searching for pieces of information that you can connect to.
2. Don’t ask someone what they do.
When speaking with someone for the first time, work is always one of our topics. But wanting to know what someone does for a living may kill our conversations.
3. Enjoy the silence.
No one likes a long stop-but most silent moments between topics aren’t as long as you think they are.
4. Look at your conversation as a learning experience.
Different people have different thoughts, ideas and feelings. Ask someone about a topic they’ re familiar with that you know nothing about. Every time you meet someone new — or even speak with someone you know — it’s an opportunity to learn something.
A.Search for common interests. |
B.Keep your introduction simple. |
C.Small talk may not be pleasant. |
D.In fact, a little quiet can be a good thing. |
E.It’ll benefit you more than you may realize. |
F.Making small talk is an art that can be mastered. |
G.It may send the signal that the most important part about us is our job. |
7 . Apologizing for a mistake might seem difficult, but it will help you repair and improve your relationships with others after that offense (冒犯).
Acknowledge the offense. This is an essential element of a good apology.
Express regret.
Tell them how you’ll change. Let them know how you’ll change and what you’d do to make that possible. For instance, if you’ve been late once again, instead of just apologizing, share how you’d keep an early alarm to be on time!
A.Provide a proper explanation. |
B.Express your intention clearly. |
C.But many apologies don’t do this enough. |
D.When you hurt someone, it’s natural to feel shame or regret. |
E.A true apology is one where you promise it won’t be repeated again. |
F.This might show that you aren’t taking full ownership for what happened. |
G.This will enable you to know what means the most to the offended person. |
8 . Do you have a best friend at work? A person once said, “Relationships
We hear a lot about this and it’s true. We spend more time with our co-workers than our families. Getting along well with workmates is the
Gallup, our employee engagement survey provider, has been asking us to
I’ve worked with a lot of people over my career. The most
I’ve been through a lot with many people I would
Good relationships and a sense of
A.grow | B.matter | C.increase | D.last |
A.schedules | B.worries | C.errors | D.details |
A.believe | B.remember | C.miss | D.understand |
A.key | B.clue | C.response | D.attitude |
A.determine | B.observe | C.reflect | D.rate |
A.connection | B.interest | C.gap | D.trend |
A.effective | B.memorable | C.qualified | D.professional |
A.classmates | B.teams | C.committees | D.families |
A.mixing | B.competing | C.arguing | D.chatting |
A.comes across | B.sticks to | C.lies in | D.takes up |
A.consider | B.replace | C.attract | D.acquire |
A.tasks | B.challenges | C.pressure | D.progress |
A.humor | B.direction | C.belonging | D.pride |
A.Finally | B.Luckily | C.Hopefully | D.Particularly |
A.city | B.campus | C.stage | D.workplace |
9 . How Helping Others Benefits You
Everyone wants to lead a happy and fulfilling life, so it’s natural to want to put yourself and your health first! However, helping other people can also directly help you at the same time.
Here are a few ways that helping others can benefit you:
·Attract more back to you.
When you give, you’re more likely to receive. You don’t necessarily need to keep the receiving in mind when you decide to give, but nature may just take its course.
·Bring you a good feeling.
If you volunteer your time to help others, you’re sharing your blessings with those less fortunate, which is a wonderful gift to give! You’ll likely return home after volunteering with a smile on your face.
·Heighten self-esteem.
When you help others, you may be helping yourself to a heightened self-esteem. A positive result for your good deeds enables you to feel pride in your accomplishments.
·
After you’ve done something nice, you may also find that your confidence increases. The fact that your helpful acts have turned out so positive might lead you to the confidence you need in your own life.
·Be more positive about your own situation.
Sometimes you’ll find that you’re your own worst critic. You might accept the faults of others, but you may be less likely to accept your own. Helping others can help you to accept your own situation and your own faults.
Seek out opportunities, today, to help others. You’ll be glad you did!
A.Strengthen confidence. |
B.Make a difference. |
C.It may help you to start seeing everything in a more positive light. |
D.Maybe a friend will unexpectedly return a favor. |
E.It also builds confidence in bigger and better things. |
F.Just by completing a giving act, you receive positive feelings in your life. |
G.It makes you feel surprised to know that you’ve made a difference in the world. |
10 . We were a group of people who took a bus to work every day. One of the
But one July morning he said good morning to the driver and smiled at others. The driver nodded. The rest of us were
The next day, the old man got on the bus and said in a loud voice, “A very good
One morning he had some flowers in his hand. The driver turned around
Until one morning Charlie wasn’t
She said she knew who we were talking about. The elderly gentleman was sick. We
The next Monday when Charlie got on the bus, all of us who he had brought happiness to in that summer sat with a
A.workers | B.drivers | C.friends | D.passengers |
A.hid | B.shouted | C.sat | D.slept |
A.interest | B.attention | C.energy | D.expectation |
A.silent | B.upset | C.excited | D.bored |
A.trip | B.morning | C.meal | D.time |
A.worried | B.tired | C.surprised | D.moved |
A.talk | B.admit | C.introduce | D.write |
A.politely | B.proudly | C.carefully | D.smilingly |
A.until | B.so | C.but | D.as |
A.brought | B.found | C.bought | D.wore |
A.walking | B.waiting | C.greeting | D.arriving |
A.ordered | B.invited | C.asked | D.promised |
A.tears | B.breath | C.hands | D.flowers |
A.kept | B.got | C.expected | D.looked |
A.letter | B.ticket | C.card | D.flower |