According to a recent survey, the
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2 . Programs using animals to calm patients and reduce tension are called animal therapy(治疗). In the United States, these treatments are popular, although there is a lack of evidence to show that they work.
There are, however, many stories about animal therapy helping people. For example, some children have a fear of injections (注射). That may make getting the COVID-19 vaccine (疫苗) a difficult experience. So, some hospitals use therapy animals, like Ollie, a six-year-old therapy dog, to help children at Rady Children’s Hospital in San Diego.
One of those children is nine-year-old Avery Smith. At the children’s hospital, she cried over her fear of the vaccine. Then Ollie came in and sat at her feet. “It helped me because I never had a COVID vaccine before,” said Avery. She added, “I didn't know what it felt like. But when I saw the dog, I stopped crying.”
Kristin Gist is a 75-year-old dog therapy volunteer and a former hospital programs direct tor. She is also Ollie’s owner. She said even before the vaccine, therapy dogs were already being used at the children’s hospital. Some children at the hospital are fighting cancer or other serious diseases. Gist said kids or their parents will sometimes hold the dogs and seem to feel better.
However, some experts say there is a lack of scientific evidence proving that animal their apy improves a patient’s medical condition. One such expert is Hal Herzog. He is a professor at Western Carolina University. Herzog told VOA that an animal can simply distract (分散注意力) a patient. “Some studies have shown that for short-term preventing pain, staying with a dog can put your mind on something else. And in that case, I see no harm in doing it. However, this won't do much for treatment.”
1. What is animal therapy intended for at Rady Children’s Hospital?| A．Helping kids overcome their fear of vaccine shots. |
| B．Reminding nurses to give injections to children. |
| C．Accompanying children when they feel lonely. |
| D．Helping doctors care for sick children. |
| A．Confident. | B．Excited. | C．Anxious. | D．Calm. |
| A．They can cure the kids of serious diseases. |
| B．They can remove the pain of the young patients. |
| C．They can provide comfort for the sick kids’ family. |
| D．They can encourage the sick children to fight disease. |
| A．Animal therapy can be harmful in the long run. |
| B．Animal therapy can increase patients’ stress level. |
| C．Animal therapy has little effect on treating patients. |
| D．Animal therapy makes patients concentrate on the pain. |
3 . Best Practices
Best Practices is about the issues faced and the best practices used by people responsible for medical imaging (成像).
This Best Practices is a survey of doctors and engineers who work in medical imaging. There is a list of possible issues concerning medical imaging, as well as some ideas and related best practices.
Acurian
Are you a doctor or a nurse who works with cancer patients? Learn about cancer treatment trials in your area from Acurian.
Get Acurian and receive information about cancer clinical trials happening near your office. There is no cost to you of your patients and Acurian will send you $10 as a reward for joining them and helping their research move forward.
Lab Manager
Lab Manager provides help for lab professionals to manage employers, found and run a laboratory, and plan a research program, while keeping the goals of good science and medical discovery.
Most lab managers, by education and experience, are good at solving the technical problems of their jobs, but their managing skills may be poor. Lab Manager is written with those managers in mind and provides information needed to manage today’s lab.
Surgical Products
Surgical Products is the leading magazine for news on medical equipment, supplies and services. Each issue provides information about new products, technology solutions, and industry developments in the healthcare field. Surgical Products is published 10 times a year (monthly, except bi-monthly in Jan/Feb and Nov/Dec) and is available in print only.
Lab Animal
Lab Animal is a journal offering information, ideas, methods and materials to animal medical research professionals. Lab Animal reaches over 10,000 professionals in both the academic world and applied research industries.
1. What is special about Lab Manager?| A．It interests all doctors in hospitals. |
| B．It is published 10 times a year only in print. |
| C．You must pay $10 to get information from it. |
| D．It can help you achieve good scientific results. |
| A．Education. | B．Management. | C．Society. | D．Medicine. |
| A．Acurian. | B．Lab Manager. | C．Surgical Products. | D．Lab Animal. |
增加: 在缺词处加一个漏字符号（^），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除: 把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改: 在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
I was feeling little sick the other day. I decided to visit my doctor before things got bad. I called her and made an appointment at 9:30 a. m. When I arrived at his office, a nurse took me to one of their examination room. She took my temperature or blood pressure. Then I waited until the doctor came in. After looked me over carefully and asking a few questions patient, the doctor told me that I had a bad cold. She give me some medicine that I was supposed to taking three times a day. After the examination, I went to the reception area and paid for the bill.
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下面画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Among the things what have happened to me, there is one that I will never forget.
One Saturday, I invited Eric my house. Unfortunate, I was bitten by my dog. Then the wound started to bleed. After apply pressure to the area with a clean bandage, Eric cleaned my wound with soap and water under running water for at least 5 minute. Therefore, the wound didn’t stop bleeding after 10 minutes of direct pressure. At that urgent moment, he send me to the nearest hospital for further treatment. The doctor thought highly of my action.
I was so grateful to him. And from this unforgettable experience, I realized the important of first aid. So, to help myself out and save others, I have learned some knowledge about first aid after that.
| A．Check out of his hotel. |
| B．Take some medicine. |
| C．See a doctor. |
7 . Dasia Taylor has juiced about three beets in the last 18 months. The root vegetables she’s found provide the perfect dye (染料) for her invention; suture (缝合) thread that changes color, from bright red to dark purple, when a surgical wound becomes infected (感染的).
The 17-year-old student at Iowa City West High School began working on the project in October 2019, after her chemistry teacher Carolyn Walling shared information about state-wide science fairs with the class. As she developed her sutures, she won awards at several regional science fairs, before advancing to the national stage.
Healthy human skin is naturally acidic, with a pH around five. But when a wound becomes infected, its pH goes up to about nine. Changes in pH can be detected without electronics;many fruits and vegetables are natural indicators that change color at different pH levels.
“I found that beets changed color at the perfect pH point,” says Taylor. Bright red beet juice turns dark purple at a pH of nine. “That’s perfect for an infected wound.”
Next, Taylor had to find a suture thread that would hold the dye. She found ten different materials, including standard suture thread, and tested them, for how well they picked up and held the dye, and whether the dye changed color when its pH changed. She found that a cotton-polyester blend (涤棉混纺) checked all the boxes. After five minutes under an infection-like pH, the cotton-polyester thread changes from bright red to dark purple.
Kathryn Chu, the director of the Center for Global Surgery at Stellenbosch University in South Africa, focuses on improving equitable access to surgical care. “I think it’s amazing that this young high school scientist was inspired to work on a solution to address this problem,” the surgeon writes in an email. “A product that could detect early surgical site infections would be extremely valuable.”
1. Why did Dasia Taylor begin to work on her invention?| A．To enter science fairs. | B．To sell root vegetables. |
| C．To make juice to drink. | D．To do her teacher’s research. |
| A．To explain how human body functions well. |
| B．To provide scientific support for the invention. |
| C．To prove the possibility of avoiding infection. |
| D．To show the significance of the suture thread. |
| A．She produced a new thread. | B．She turned to Kathryn Chu. |
| C．She tested different materials. | D．She mixed ten thread materials. |
| A．She shows inventors a new research direction. |
| B．She was inspired by Dasia Taylor to contribute. |
| C．She once overlooked the access to surgical care. |
| D．She speaks highly of Dasia Taylor’s invention. |
8 . If you’ve watched Grey’s Anatomy, then you’ve gotten an insight into the complex hierarchies (等级) that rule a hospital. Over 17 seasons, the show’s heroine, Meredith Grey, got promoted from a lowly intern (实习生) to chief of general surgery, learning from the presiding residents and older surgeons along the way. There’s rarely doubt about who is in charge, who has more expertise, or who should be supervising and training other staff. Grey’s fictional journey illustrates the complicated dynamics of a health care setting, whether it’s a local clinic or a busy city hospital. Those hierarchies can help teams provide care efficiently, but what happens when those traditional roles are disrupted?
“These status barriers are tricky,” says Sara Singer, a professor of organizational behavior and a professor of medicine.“They can get in the way of medical professionals learning new skills, particularly when junior employees are asked to show more senior coworkers how to use a new technology. ” But, as Singer and her coauthors reveal in a recent paper, upending these complex hierarchies can be a useful training strategy.
Singer and her coauthors studied observations from five different primary care settings over the course of nearly two years. At each, medical assistants and patient-service representatives had to learn several new digital technologies. Even though these positions are fairly low in the medical and administrative order, Singer says that within these jobs, tenure and status are still important. So when younger employees were selected to be trainers, that threw the typical power balance off the good state. At some sites, employees struggled to pick up the skills they needed. “There were some groups where the training seemed to be taking and people seemed to be following on with the work that was intended,” Singer says. “But at other places it just wasn’t working out.”
By creating a system that gave everyone a chance at those opportunities, clinics could remove the jealousy that might come from selecting one younger employee over another time and time again.
1. Why is Grey’s Anatomy mentioned in the text?| A．To review the main heroine. | B．To introduce the main topic. |
| C．To tell readers a new movie. | D．To show the author’s attitude. |
| A．The status barriers in existence. |
| B．The way to provide care efficiently. |
| C．The learning spirits of a new employee. |
| D．The traditional managing system of medical institutions. |
| A．Hospitals should offer equal opportunities to accept training. |
| B．Newly-employed medical workers work hard to learn skills. |
| C．It is challenging to change the conventional training approach. |
| D．A new system should be created to evaluate doctors and nurses. |
| A．Younger colleagues can be trained to teach older workers new skills. |
| B．Health care settings in the world are extremely complex. |
| C．Everybody likes to give the younger people instructions. |
| D．Medical residents are too busy to balance their work and life. |
9 . A walk in the park may be just what the doctor ordered. A new program launched last month in Canada gives some doctors the option of providing patients with a free annual pass to the country's national parks as part of an effort to increase access to nature and the health benefits.
PaRx, a health initiative launched by the BC Parks Foundation in 2019, partnered with Parks Canada to provide doctors across four provinces with an initial run of 100 passes that can be prescribed (开处方). The program allows doctors to write more general prescriptions for time spent out in nature; two hours a week, at least 20 minutes at a time, is what PaRx director Dr. Melissa Lem suggests.
“Given the growing body of evidence that indicates nature time can improve all kinds of different physical and mental health conditions, we’re hoping that our PaRx program not only improves patient health, but reduces costs to the health-care system, and helps to grow the number of people who are more engaged environmental advocates,” said Prama Rahman, a coordinator for the BC Parks Foundation.
Doctors have been catching on, instructing their patients to turn to nature to improve their health and they're getting creative in how they do it. Dr. Robert Zarr, a doctor based in Washington, began prescribing accessible outdoor activities for his young patients and even created a searchable online database of local parks to make it easier.
But getting outside isn’t always as easy as it might sound. Income can affect one’s access to nature, an issue that PaRx is trying to address in Canada. Doctors utilizing the new national parks pass program are urged to prioritize patients who might not otherwise be able to afford these passes.
While only 100 adult passes, which give holders access to more than 80 national parks, historic sites and nature reserves, have initially been made available, organizers plan to routinely reassess this number as the program grows, the BC Parks Foundation told NPR
1. What is PaRx intended to do?| A．Qualify doctors to prescribe. | B．Give patients free access to parks. |
| C．Promote free admission to parks. | D．Advocate 20 minutes’ walk a day. |
| A．Financing. | B．Setting up. | C．Evaluating. | D．Carrying out. |
| A．The BC Parks Foundation is expanding rapidly. |
| B．The program has signed up 80 national parks. |
| C．More people will benefit from the program. |
| D．Those living close to parks can gain priority. |
| A．PaRx, a Nature Prescription Program. | B．BC Parks Foundation in Canada |
| C．Year-long Passes to National Parks | D．A New Study on Benefits of Walk |
10 . China is one of the first countries to breed a medical culture. In comparison with Western methods, traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) adopt a vastly different approach. For thousands of years, Chinese people have accumulated rich experience in fighting all sorts of diseases, therefore forming a unique medical theory under the guidance of ancient Chinese philosophies.
The core behind TCM is that the human body’s life is the consequence of the balance between yin and yang. Yang functions to safeguard us against outer harm, and yin is the inner base to store and provide energy. When the balance between the two aspects is disturbed, people fall ill.
One of the traditional techniques of TCM, acupuncture (针刺疗法), means insertion (插入) of needles into superficial (表皮的) structures of the body—usually at acupoints (穴位)—to restore the yin-yang balance. It is often accompanied by moxibustion (灸法), which involves burning the mugwort (艾叶) on or near the skin at an acupoint.
The first known text that clearly talks about something like acupuncture and moxibustion as it is practiced today is Yellow Emperor’s Inner Canon. It is the earliest and most important written work of TCM and is considered the most representative medical text in China.
Acupuncture and moxibustion have aroused the interest of international medical science circles. And TCM is gradually gaining worldwide recognition. The WHO issued a document in 2002 that appealed to more than 180 countries to adopt TCM as an alternative in their medical policies. In 2010, acupuncture and moxibustion of traditional Chinese medicine were added to the Representative List of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of Humanity by the UNESCO. Presently, TCM has been back in the news for its effectiveness in improving the cure rate of the COVID-19 since its outbreak in January 2020.
1. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 3 refer to?| A．TCM. | B．Acupuncture. | C．Yin-yang balance. | D．Moxibustion. |
| A．It distinguishes acupuncture from moxibustion. |
| B．It’s a foundation of world medical research. |
| C．It stresses the importance of using acupoints. |
| D．It greatly contributes to the development of TCM. |
| A．To introduce TCM to the world. | B．To review the development of TCM. |
| C．To tell TCM and Western medicine apart. | D．To comment on TCM in fighting COVID-19. |
| A．Why TCM gets recognition from WHO. | B．Why TCM is gaining popularity. |
| C．How TCM helps in the current situation. | D．How other countries adopt TCM well. |
