1 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. wonder   B. regular   C. doubt D. physically E. breathing F. wealth G. functioning   H. flexibility I. flow J. generally K. mood

Sometimes it’s the simplest daily practice that can have the biggest impact on your health, and yoga is proof of that. Although most forms of yoga aren’t considered to be as intense as other workout regimens, practising yoga on a daily basis has been scientifically demonstrated to help you mentally and     1    . Through breath work, meditation and holding poses that increase strength and     2    the body and mind gain benefits from yoga that positively impact your long-term health. It’s no     3    people have been practising yoga for over 5000 years, and that the number of Australians practising yoga doubled between 2008 and 2017 to over two million, according to the Australian Bureau of Statistics.

Yoga teacher, Jenni Tarmar, shares, “we have a     4    of research demonstrating that a regular mindfulness practice - the act of paying attention to the sensation in the body, thoughts and emotions without judgment - can reduce stress and help us to feel calmer, more productive, and     5    more even-keeled in our daily lives.”

After evaluating yoga history and research, one 2014 review published in Frontiers in Human Neouroscience concluded that     6    yoga practice can help facilitate self-regulation. Another study of adolescents between the ages of 13 and 18 found that practising yoga positively benefited emotional regulation and self-esteem. “Movement releases beneficial neurotransmitters (神经转发器) in the brain, which helps us feel good as well as assist in     7    regulation,” says yoga instructor, Evan Lawrence. “One of the things that I like about yoga specifically is that there is, at the same time, a focus on physical movement and     8    .”

According to associate professor of psychiatry, Dr Gail Saltz, “practising yoga improves overall blood     9    to the body, including the brain, which is helpful for cognition and memory.”

One 2019 review published in Brain Plasticity concluded that behavioural interventions like yoga can help “mitigate age-related and neurodegenerative decline” due to the positive effects a daily practice has on different parts of the     10    brain, like the hippocampus (which plays a major role in learning and memory) and the prefrontal cortex (cognitive control functions).

2 . Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fit s each blank.

Indoor vs outdoor exercising: Which is more productive?

People tend to lean heavily on the gym when it comes to exercise. The gym is just an easy concept: you go and the machines are right there. You get the workout done and you leave. But maybe that’s the problem.

Is it better for your body, health and fitness goals to work out in the open air     1     conditions vary? It depends on so many factors, but the short answer is yes: Science says it is, in fact, better to exercise outdoors.

Take running, for example. In a study     2     (look) at runners who covered the same distance on a treadmill (跑步机) and outdoors, the group that ran inside were said     3     (consume) less energy than the outside group. This is because of terrain changes and wind speed, which you don’t face in the controlled climate of gym. Your body     4     work harder, and thus you burn more calories.

Another consideration that     5     (make) exercising outside tougher, specifically in warmer months, is temperature. In most gyms, the air conditioners are blowing during the open hours to keep a cool and comfortable environment, meaning you’re consuming less energy and sweating less than you would if you were doing the same activity in the great outdoors.

In addition, a systematic study on the effects of physical activity outside in a natural environment versus indoors revealed the fact     6     among people doing the same activity, the outdoor exercises showed “greater feelings of refreshment and positive engagement; decreases in tension, confusion, anger and depression; and     7     (increase) energy” afterward.

    8     many advantages, working outside has its limitations. From changeable weather to safety concerns, it’s not always     9     option. The bottom line? Switch up your workout and get outside as much as you can, but don’t bother about it if the gym is a     10     (practical) choice for you. Doing any workout is amazing for your body and health.

3 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。1.

A．The benefits of walking.	B．The importance of keeping fit.
C．The way of forming a habit.	D．The possibility of excising regularly.

2.

A．Because it needs much thinking.

B．Because people needn’t concentrate on it.

C．Because it is suitable for everyone.

D．Because people can improve their memory.

3.

A．It is the easiest way to lose weight.	B．It can be made part of people’s life.
C．It prevents people suffering from cancers.	D．It can make people’s hearts stronger.

4 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. personal        B. insecurities        C. moments       D. admit       E. follow       F. good             G. grow             H. issues       I. right       J. crucial       K. activities

How I Tricked Myself into Enjoying Healthier Foods and Exercise

Most of us would like to think that when we reach a certain age or point in our careers, we automatically evolve past the point of worrying about our appearance. Body image and self-confidence, or our lack of confidence, is something that we never really talk about for fear of drawing attention to our     1    .

But the truth is that our body image issues affect us more than we’d like to     2    . Over the last eight years I’ve worked hard to     3     my business. My main focus has been my work—writing books, creating products, launching products, growing my team—and I’ve dedicated long hours to my company’s success. My diligence has definitely paid off and my business is thriving, but all of that hustling has come at a(n)     4     cost. I’ve spent long hours at the computer and little time exercising or eating     5    . I tried to ignore it and I told myself that no one noticed, but my weight steadily crept up.

As a result, my confidence slowly decreased, and I retreated from the     6     —both personal and professional—that I loved. I stopped going out with friends, stopped sharing photos of myself on social media and avoided media interviews. Even if I didn’t want to admit it, I knew that the underlying problem was that I just didn’t feel     7     about myself. I had to make a change. I started by getting clear about my goals, which included getting into the best shape of my life, changing the way I ate and running a 10K on my 40^th birthday. But more importantly, I got honest with myself about why those goals were so     8     and then I asked the people that I trust the most to hold me accountable. From there, I had to make the daily decision to     9     through.

It wasn’t easy. In fact, there were many     10     that were downright painful. But I’m succeeding, and I’m happy to see that I’ve made changes and am now leading a healthier life.

5 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。1.

A．She increased the distance she ran.

B．She started running.

C．She took part in a marathon race.

D．She felt great.

2.

A．He will never do marathon.

B．He will get a shot.

C．He will try it gradually.

D．He will warm up before running.

3.

A．Choosing a proper activity to keep fit.

B．Making friends while doing exercise.

C．The benefits of working out.

D．The way to spend weekends.

4.

A．To sign in for a marathon race.

B．To make friends by joining a wechat group.

C．To spend the weekend at a nearby mountain.

D．To join a hiking club.

6 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. ancestors B. commanding C. equipment D. financial   E. imitating   F. inspiration G. intense H. push I. reservations J. restricted   K. shaking

Our lifestyles mean that most of us aren’t using our muscles properly. As small children we squat, crawl and leap around freely, but the older we get, the more     1     our movements become and many of our muscles get little action as we sit at desks or in cars. Occasionally we hit the gym, where we use machines to work on specific muscles rather than the whole body. Now a new form of fitness, a(n)     2     workout based on simple animal movements such as crawling, is taking off. Its Australian founder, Nathan Helberg, has been using it with the military police forces, schoolchildren and even prisoners. He took his     3     from martial arts break-dancing, the animal world and the dance movements of indigenous people, and developed Zuu.

There are around 100 animal movements although beginners start with 25-that work muscles, joints and ligaments as well as improving heart and lung fitness. Zuu needs no     4     and little space. The idea is to train your body to do the kinds of activities that our     5     had to do in daily life. It’s quick, it tops up your strength and it’s not aiming to give you big muscles. In exchange for the publicity from article, Nathan offers me a master class alongside two of his trainers, which would otherwise be beyond my     6     means! I am attracted by the prospect of doing things I haven’t done since my pre-school years.

In class, I try a frog squat and a bear crawl. Each movement lasts for 30 seconds (for my benefit-as you get fitter, you keep on for 45 seconds). By the end I’m     7     with exhaustion. Despite my initial     8    , by the end of my class, I have started to enjoy myself. Mind you, it’s hard not to laugh when you’re     9     a bear! I thought I was in reasonably good shape-I run 5 km three times a week-but after this I realize how little I     10     myself normally. Nathan has promised that I could increase my upper body strength by 30% in just six weeks by doing classes. Doesn’t that sound amazing?

7 . Gyms that profit most from the January rush

Every year, like clockwork, many people go through the same routine. On December 26^th and January 1^st, as the fog of cheese, chocolate oranges and champagne lifts, regret creeps（悄悄出现）in. Online searches for “get fit” and “lose weight” increase.    1    “Intent typically takes seven to 14 days to turn into reality,” notes Humphrey Cobbold, chief executive of Pure Gym, Britain’s largest gym chain. So this week will be one of the busiest for the gym industry globally.

Many gym recruits（新成员）will have their new sportswear on for high-intensity interval training. In the basement of Another Space, a club near London’s Leicester Square, music pumps and light flash as a trainer shouts instructions to a group of mostly young women. They are pushed through bursts of burpees, handclap push-ups and various kick and punches at boxing bags. The training is murderous.    2    Such high-end gym can charge up to eight times as much as low-cost ones, based on two visits a week over a year.

They are at one end of a fitness market.    3    America’s market leader, Planet Fitness, promises “the best value on the planet”, and has over 10 million members; its shares rose in 2017. One in seven people in Britain is a gym member, and 35% of private memberships are low-cost, up from 14% in 2013, according to Leisure DB, a data firm. Mid-range clubs, meanwhile, have fared less well. Virgin Active recently sold its less luxurious facilities in Britain to avoid being squished（压扁）in the middle.

Pure Gym expects soon to reach 1 million members. Part of its appeal is that, unlike traditional gyms, members are not bound by a long contract. “We have taken a £500 decision and turned it into a £20 decision,” says Mr Cobbold.    4    Most new joiners do not plan to spend much money. But gyms proper on non-attendance. According to IHRSA, an industry body based in Boston, fewer than half of gym members in America hit the treadmill（跑步机）at least twice a week—until the exercise cycle begins anew the following January.

A．There will be other ripple effects（连锁反应）, too.

B．That will be good news for some gym goers because many will soon suffer a second round of regret.

C．However, the club’s luxurious changing rooms and bars relieve some of the pain.

D．Health clubs of all shapes and sizes stand ready to respond.

E．Spending on fashion items also increases around the time of joining a gym.

F．At the other are budget gyms, which have accounted for the big part of gym growth in recent years.

8 . Fitness experts weigh in on whether it’s safe to skip this sometimes annoying step in your exercise routine.

One of the most important steps in your fitness routine comes at the conclusion. Many know the importance of properly warming up and preparing to exercise, but experts say that incorporating a cool down routine is just as important. According to the Mayo Clinic, cooling down allows for your body to recover and return to its normal, _________ state.

Though cooling down isn’t proven to _________ muscle stiffness or soreness, it can prevent dizziness and allow your heart rate and breathing to ease back to a normal rate, Harvard Medical School reports. Phyllis Mammarelli, personal trainer at the Shenango Valley YMCA in Sharon, Pennsylvania, works with each of her clients on a cool down routine as she says it’s a (n) _________ part of exercising.

“Cooling down allows your body to gradually return to a low-intensity activity level, slowly reducing your respiratory and heart rate until it’s equalized and back to normal” she says.

_________ the recovery phase of a workout isn’t proven to be harmful to your body, but Mammarelli warns that without cooling down, the body will take longer to return back to the low-intensity level activity level you began your workout with.

There are also non-threatening side effects that could occur as a result of forgoing a cool down. Mammarelli warns that blood can gather or pool in your lower extremities and lead to dizziness and _________. Additionally, ACE says to keep an eye on your _________ soreness and stiffness. While soreness after a workout is to be expected, _________ onset muscle soreness can occur 24 - 28 hours after your workout and cause “uncomfortable debilitating pain”. Side effects are mostly seen in the elderly or those with cardiovascular disease and can be _________ by warming up and cooling down. Here are some other signs that you might be working out too much.

Allow five to 10 minutes at the _________ of your workout for a cool-down routine. During this period, continue your workout session, but at a much reduced rate. If you’re __________ for time during your workouts or unsure how to allow your body to recover, Mammarelli suggests stretching muscles in a pain-free range of __________. Here’s an easy stretch __________ to try.

Tacking on a few __________ minutes to your workout for cooling down may seem like a(n) __________, but the benefits outweigh the cost of finding extra time in your __________. If you need inspiration for scheduling the time to workout and cool downlook to these women who work out every day.

1.

A．presentation

B．preservation

C．prejudice

D．pre-exercise

2.

A．boost

B．reduce

C．resist

D．experience

3.

A．beneficial

B．preferable

C．comfortable

D．adaptable

4.

A．Suspecting

B．Striking

C．Securing

D．Skipping

5.

A．featuring

B．fainting

C．freezing

D．frustrating

6.

A．power

B．strength

C．muscle

D．energy

7.

A．delayed

B．controlled

C．neglected

D．charged

8.

A．respected

B．launched

C．maintained

D．eased

9.

A．intension

B．conclusion

C．principle

D．prediction

10.

A．pressed

B．assessed

C．processed

D．obsessed

11.

A．conversation

B．composition

C．motion

D．hesitation

12.

A．regulation

B．routine

C．guidance

D．motivation

13.

A．critical

B．dramatic

C．ambitious

D．additional

14.

A．inconvenience

B．innutrition

C．initiative

D．injustice

15.

A．amount

B．treasure

C．schedule

D．struggle

9 . Whether it is tossing the Frisbee (掷飞盘) on the campus or representing your town in the local baseball league, sports remain prevalent in American society.

Athletics begin at a young age. As they learn to walk and talk, kids in America also learn to run, throw and kick. They are _________ to sports at a young age so that they form a habit of remaining _________ and fit, while also _________ themselves. Most towns offer a “Parks and Recreation” program, which sponsors various educational physical activities, such as sports summer camps or monthly hikes. _________, towns often create youth leagues that _________ children to complete against other towns. These programs, run by volunteers, stress not only skill development, but also values of _________ and enjoyment no matter what the outcome.

Athletics continue at more _________ levels throughout elementary school to university, with extracurricular programs playing a development role and training students to perhaps even eventually become _________.

At the professional level, spectator sports have become a staple (重要部分) of American tradition and culture. Families and friends gather around the television or endure hours of _________ to support their favorite teams, while these athletes are made into international celebrities.

Professional sports in the U.S. are largely __________ by the Big Four Leagues: the National Football League (NFL), Major League Baseball (MLB), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL). With teams __________ major cities, these spectator sports draw large crowds and are followed almost __________ by some fans.

Soccer has __________ to rise to prominence in America; however, with their performance in the 2010 World Cup and more exposure to Europeans teams through the arrival of star such as David Beckham and Thierry Henry, Major League Soccer (MLS) in America as a spectator sport has certainly __________.

International competition is rare and often considered not as __________ as the domestic leagues. However, during the Olympics and the World Cup, Americans do rally around their countrymen to perform at the international level.

1.

A．exposed

B．treated

C．devoted

D．attributed

2.

A．young

B．active

C．hopeful

D．positive

3.

A．enjoying

B．pushing

C．supporting

D．protecting

4.

A．For example

B．However

C．Consequently

D．Furthermore

5.

A．force

B．warn

C．allow

D．advise

6.

A．sportsmanship

B．curiosity

C．creativity

D．citizenship

7.

A．friendly

B．amateur

C．competitive

D．international

8.

A．winners

B．professionals

C．managers

D．rivals

9.

A．competition

B．traffic

C．labor

D．argument

10.

A．divided

B．dominated

C．owned

D．followed

11.

A．entering

B．representing

C．sponsoring

D．occupying

12.

A．blindly

B．secretly

C．religiously

D．leisurely

13.

A．attempted

B．refused

C．aimed

D．struggled

14.

A．decreased

B．remained

C．slowed

D．grown

15.

A．predictable

B．respectable

C．significant

D．extensive

10 . Directions: Write the summary of the passage in no more than 140 words and the original sentences in the passage are not allowed to use.

Every year, millions of people want to lose weight or get into shape but lack the time or motivation to go to a fitness club or to do an exercise programme at home on a regular basis. Many of these same people have probably considered hiring a personal trainer, a fitness professional who guides clients through individualized workouts. Most personal trainers work in fitness clubs, but some conduct business in their own private studios, or in the homes of their clients. The job of a personal trainer is to teach safe and effective exercise techniques that are designed for the specific needs and limitations of the client. A trainer can be hired for short-term or long-term periods, depending on the client’s needs.

Mark Jenkins is a personal trainer who has become famous for his work. In recent years, more people than ever have developed a fitness passion. In the United States, there is an ever-growing demand for fitness products and services, which is caused by a number of factors. For a start, there is an increasing population of people over age fifty-five who want to stay fit. In addition, the growing obesity problem among adults and children alike — a problem Jenkins can identify with — needs to be addressed. As a child, Jenkins was so overweight that other children tagged him with the nickname, “Suck in the Gut”.

Finally, there is an acceptance among Americans that spending money on fitness is not only good but also a virtue. The demand for all things related to fitness has created a great demand for personal trainers, which is expected to increase 27 percent in the United States by the year 2016, according to the US Bureau of Labour and Statistics.

Becoming a personal trainer requires taking extensive courses. It can take anywhere from six months to two years to become a certified trainer, depending on the programme.

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