解题方法
1 . 对于一个三维空间,如果一个平面与一个球只有一个交点,则称这个平面是这个球的切平面.已知在空间直角坐标系
中,球
的半径为
,记平面
、平面
、平面
分别为
、
、
.
(1)若棱长为
的正方体、棱长为
的正四面体的内切球均为球
,求
的值;
(2)若球
在
处有一切平面为
,求
与
的交线方程,并写出它的一个法向量;
(3)如果在球面上任意一点作切平面
,记
与
、
、
的交线分别为
、
、
,求
到
、
、
距离乘积的最小值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d5e336d6ca2cae3d6e6c3810d7e521a4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bdaa19de263700a15fcf213d64a8cd57.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ddd48d1ef9e8cd3b7aea60fd95b70fb6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ef1e8a88d934eca5399decc64fdbd43.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5b5858ee1ce52b251816757257a11c29.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9f435efcc7869eec21bdba1ed81dc3f5.png)
(1)若棱长为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2c94bb12cee76221e13f9ef955b0aab1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2122e3f1e76a635e58e4d54aa594c552.png)
(2)若球
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8f5dcb10e84c60bbb67a382349ebeb3d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c67202feb9b75fb893e9fc70cc1059d7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c67202feb9b75fb893e9fc70cc1059d7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
(3)如果在球面上任意一点作切平面
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5b5858ee1ce52b251816757257a11c29.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9f435efcc7869eec21bdba1ed81dc3f5.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/294f5ba74cdf695fc9a8a8e52f421328.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b6a24198bd04c29321ae5dc5a28fe421.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1010846eeec6c9da29640f5aa3f8738.png)
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解题方法
2 . 设常数
.在棱长为1的正方体
中,点
满足
,点
分别为棱
上的动点(均不与顶点重合),且满足
,记
.以
为原点,分别以
的方向为
轴的正方向,建立如图空间直角坐标系
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/5/13/e06e4e4f-445b-442f-8e80-1e0f640affc9.png?resizew=217)
(1)用
和
表示点
的坐标;
(2)设
,若
,求常数
的值;
(3)记
到平面
的距离为
.求证:若关于
的方程
在
上恰有两个不同的解,则这两个解中至少有一个大于
.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3eb6bf23a5a12e1ba5413594d7b1a57c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e09725691ee7851f54c0dee86b2bf55.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acc290b44635265137fdf13146b6a6d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8a91c73ae980263c97742283b6b5852a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7789a500686c7a73770404ead6af0590.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cea77ba313fcc751481ac1ca214df3fc.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/37e85b55b6ad43be1a03fc637e1d3429.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/651066b6919cab279373a8a1e1130839.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d68873c59a21b0cd408cdf2b47d51096.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1a14c388e1e2e5a2ff1ccf6caffbee0d.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2023/5/13/e06e4e4f-445b-442f-8e80-1e0f640affc9.png?resizew=217)
(1)用
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e15b268af571f9ecb37a864a08862814.png)
(2)设
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/200f24e682c93e02a87f3f9d57dc5d40.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d262b77e692c60e3c6b6afb610e8fe66.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
(3)记
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/acc290b44635265137fdf13146b6a6d9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c28b88046022376b082b8a45c04577c7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/77a90170d7ef5ff6d1d63517c166f7a9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0a6936d370d6a238a608ca56f87198de.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8a19e72906b84a1cb049167afdebdce0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7160d93f92089ef36f3dab809d3114b8.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f89eef3148f2d4d09379767b4af69132.png)
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3 . 如图,在四棱锥
中,已知
平面ABCD,且四边形ABCD为直角梯形,
,
,
.
;
(2)线段CP上是否存在一点M,使得直线AM垂直平面PCD,若存在,求出线段AM的长,若不存在,说明理由;
(3)点Q是线段BP上的动点,当直线CQ与DP所成的角最小时,求线段BQ的长.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0585b6c0f156eecf9662b9846d4eb693.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ccd4fd4b7a4d6b8ca0c5827c055a9ce7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/666c7e13a7999bd5970c1e478a665935.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c3b10835116b9b777a666b438c907b49.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/829018a6ca0aff95d89e3f7cd943274e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7c583493109d50c9e4634c05e9042a9f.png)
(2)线段CP上是否存在一点M,使得直线AM垂直平面PCD,若存在,求出线段AM的长,若不存在,说明理由;
(3)点Q是线段BP上的动点,当直线CQ与DP所成的角最小时,求线段BQ的长.
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2022-11-22更新
|
794次组卷
|
2卷引用:上海市进才中学2022-2023学年高二上学期期中数学试题
4 . 如图,ABCD与ADEF是两个边长为1的正方形,它们所在的平面互相垂直.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/21/2856054245351424/2856972157730816/STEM/75c868fe-c28c-46ff-a23d-ccb61c6c2430.png?resizew=219)
(1)求异面直线AE与BD所成角的大小;
(2)在线段BD上取点M,在线段AE上取点N,且
,
,试用x,y来表示线段MN的长度;
(3)在(2)的条件下,求MN长度的最小值,并判断当MN最短时,MN是否是异面直线AE与BD的公垂线段?
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/2021/11/21/2856054245351424/2856972157730816/STEM/75c868fe-c28c-46ff-a23d-ccb61c6c2430.png?resizew=219)
(1)求异面直线AE与BD所成角的大小;
(2)在线段BD上取点M,在线段AE上取点N,且
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/da39d66009576e7d0d664d1faee3e389.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cea8fb90cd939a5495d572c9628df968.png)
(3)在(2)的条件下,求MN长度的最小值,并判断当MN最短时,MN是否是异面直线AE与BD的公垂线段?
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5 . 已知椭圆
的左、右焦点分别为
、
.经过点
且倾斜角为
的直线
与椭圆
交于
、
两点(其中点
在
轴上方),
的周长为8.
(1)求椭圆
的标准方程;
(2)如图,把平面
沿
轴折起来,使
轴正半轴和
轴确定的半平面,与
负半轴和
轴所确定的半平面互相垂直.
,求异面直线
和
所成角的大小;
②若折叠后
的周长为
,求
的大小.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4b454cdb97c408300b50d945f002c2cb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9b9bece414af7ecb2d796dc8a6f549e1.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/27e62a44b8712ce4483b8710cda0dc1c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f5076289823db419f94e9c0c8f4aafd9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8d49bc14700562fee13af6a548e4eaef.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4b454cdb97c408300b50d945f002c2cb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8b5e56b5cbcf69756792fc934bcc20cb.png)
(1)求椭圆
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4b454cdb97c408300b50d945f002c2cb.png)
(2)如图,把平面
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d053b14c8588eee2acbbe44fc37a6886.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0bc1f08c7640e62e8717abf4d44a6c83.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cabea664e61863b3b3279dbce607924e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c3656055f5256cd06e636ea96e9f89c2.png)
②若折叠后
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/8b5e56b5cbcf69756792fc934bcc20cb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7163395f9aaa29be7f6b3106ba48b744.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
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