Yellow fever began to spread in Brazil in 2016, severely threatening the golden lion tamarin, a little monkey living in the rainforest of southeastern Brazil, whose population was small even before the outbreak. So, scientists created a vaccine (疫苗) to protect the monkeys. But, it is a new idea to vaccinate animals. Historically, conservationists have believed that humans should not interfere directly with wildlife. A traditional saying in the world of conservation work is “Leave it as is.”
However, Tony Goldberg, a scientist and animal doctor at the University of Wisconsin-Madison, believes in vaccinating wild animals when possible. “Some people say we shouldn’t touch nature. But really, there are no unspoiled natural habitats left.” he said . “This epidemic moved very quickly from north to south, across the country — no wildlife does that. It’s people. They cross vast distances in buses, trains, planes. They bring the disease with them. We realized that in five years, we could lose the entire population if we did nothing.”
The vaccine led to antibodies in the tested monkeys and caused no harm, the scientists found. So far, about 300 have been vaccinated and are reported to be doing well. Tests show that more than 90 percent of the monkeys have immunity or resistance to the virus since vaccination.
The outbreak of yellow fever is no longer a big problem for the monkeys, and their population is starting to come back. But even with the success of the vaccine program, scientists are still not sure about creating vaccines for other animals. Jacob Negrey, a biologist who studies monkeys, wondered about unpredictable effects of such wildlife treatment. He explained that you might create a treatment that helps one kind of animal but hurts another.
1. What caused monkeys to get infected with yellow fever?A.Human activities. |
B.Loss of their habitat. |
C.Convenient transportation. |
D.The development of Science and technology. |
A.They are resistant to all viruses. |
B.They are no longer endangered animals. |
C.There is an increase in their population. |
D.Some of them are harmed by the vaccine. |
A.Indifferent. | B.Optimistic. | C.Doubtful. | D.Neutral. |
A.Vaccinating animals: a heated debate | B.Yellow fever: a threat to monkeys |
C.Protecting monkeys: a top priority | D.Vaccine: a blessing for monkeys |
相似题推荐
【推荐1】My wife, Hannah, and I don’t usually keep houseplants. Anything in pots gets either over-watered or under-watered. But after my diagnosis with glioblastoma, a terminal brain cancer, with no more than a year to live, I loved the idea of having something new and green around.
My friend Mitch gave me what he said was a lucky bamboo plant in a deep-green pottery bowl with three pencil-sized stalks (茎;杆) tied together. We placed the plant in the living room window across from the couch where I spent much of the day. I smiled when I looked at it over the rim of the mug of coffee Hannah brought me each morning.
I told Hannah I wanted to care for the plant myself. Tending to the plant gave me a sense of accomplishment at a time when I sometimes felt useless. Glioblastoma limited my ability to walk, and the treatment left me exhausted, making it hard for me to accomplish everyday tasks. As a family physician, I was used to being the one who provided care, not the one who received it. Since my diagnosis, I had to rely on help from other people. The enormous change left me feeling purposeless and unsettled. Watering the plant, as small an act as it was, connected me to a core part of my old identity and taught me that plants and people could still depend on me.
Over the next few months, I recovered from surgery and completed radiation and chemotherapy. Even after I returned to work, I continued to care for the plant. Soon, it had nearly doubled in height and its leaves were shiny and lush. Both the tree and I were thriving (茁壮成长).
1. Why did the writer keep the plant?A.His misfortune in life. | B.His work experience. |
C.Hannah’s insistence. | D.Mitch’s suggestion. |
A.He continued his career. | B.He overcame his disease. |
C.He could still be a caregiver. | D.He developed a love for planting. |
A.Aimless but open-minded. | B.Accomplished and determined. |
C.Worried but understanding. | D.Caring and optimistic. |
A.A Miracle Cure. | B.A Determined Doctor. |
C.An Incurable Disease. | D.A Healing Bamboo. |
【推荐2】For many people, COVID-19 doesn’t end with a negative test. Weeks or months after traces of the virus disappear from noses and throats, symptoms can last long.
The symptoms of the long COVID are wide-ranging. Some people struggle with extreme tiredness that influences their daily lives.
The symptoms make it hard to determine who’s at high risk for long-term health problems.Some post-COVID conditions may still exist from virus-caused damage.
There are some broad indications about who’s at risk. Studies suggest that women are more likely than men to have long-existing symptoms. COVID-19 patients with more than five symptoms in the first week of infection may be more likely to develop long COVID.
Using health records and exams, and knowledge of certain small diseases with symptoms similar to long COVID, experts are on the hunt for those risk factors.
A.Sex is a possible risk factor |
B.Age also appears to be a risk factor |
C.But there’s no scientific basis for that |
D.Others have organ damage or a long cough |
E.Long COVID really has a bad effect on everyone |
F.The body’s own response to the virus could drive the damage |
G.Severe diseases of the body may be a risk factor for severe COVID-19 |
【推荐3】Anxiety and depression are complex conditions. But can everyone benefit from teaming how to care for their mind?
• Self-Compassion (自我关怀)
• Social Connection
From the time we are born , we need social connection in order to grow and succeed.
• Exercise
Exercise can be important for preventing depression since having a sedentary (缺乏锻炼的)lifestyle is a risk factor.
So the best approach is: Get whatever support is in reach and care for your mind based on what works for you.
A.It is important to be kind to yourself |
B.But it doesn't have to be a big party or an office full of people. |
C.Being constantly self-critical is risky for anxiety and depression. |
D.It may be vital to understand happiness when we struggle with mood. |
E.One study found that 15 minutes a day of exercise significantly prevents depression. |
F.The following behaviors are key ones linked to prevention of anxiety and depression. |
G.Studies have shown that just thinking of positive relationships can help you tolerate stress. |
【推荐1】Washington State's growing population of gray wolves is exposing deep divides among residents and testing its decision makers. And managing the animals is about to get more complicated, as the state begins drawing up a management plan and weighing whether to start a hunting season.
The wolves, nearly non-existent in the Northwestern state for almost a century, have grown in numbers about 28% each year since 2008, about a decade after they were introduced to Idaho, Montana and Wyoming. By late last year, Washington had at least 126 wolves and 27 packs.
The wolves' return has brought cheers from conservationists, who view them as symbolic creatures that can improve the state's ecosystems, and criticism from farmers and livestock(家畜)owners, who see them as killers threatening livelihoods. With wolves expected to reach targeted recovery levels in a few years, the debate over how to manage them is getting fierce. Officials recently canceled three public meetings about wolves after threats of violence and Interruption.
Wolves were largely eradicated across the Western U.S. in the 20th century, targeted by government agencies and hunted by farmers and other private citizens. In 1995, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service relocated some wolves to the Greater Yellowstone Ecosystem, leading to their return in the West.
Tensions in Washington have risen after decisions from the state Department of Fish and Wildlife to kill a number of wolves responsible for the deaths or injury of cattle and livestock. The conflict is centered in Ferry County in the northeastern part of the state. Fish and Wildlife staff this year killed nine wolves in Ferry County-including the last of a pack that killed or injured 29 livestock in the county.
Washington governor Jay Inslee has asked the state Fish and Wildlife agency to reduce the need to kill wolves as a result of their killing livestock, and instead increase the use of deterrent(威慑物)which can include electric fencing or range riders to monitor cattle and other livestock. Officials have said killing wolves is a last choice.
Meanwhile, researchers are racing to understand the wolves’ effect on the ecosystem to better inform how to manage the population.
1. What is puzzling the state?A.Why gray wolves can reproduce so quickly. |
B.When a management plan should be drawn up. |
C.Whether wolves should be hunted seasonally. |
D.How they can persuade residents to live in harmony with gray wolves. |
A.They have reached the targeted recovery levels. |
B.They have a positive effect on the local ecosystem. |
C.They are responsible for threatening the lives of farmers and livestock. |
D.They are a good example to get nearly non-existent animals back to nature. |
A.Removed. | B.Introduced. | C.Released. | D.Reproduced. |
A.Wolves facing possible hunt in Washington. |
B.Wolves involved in a war against. |
C.Wolves in danger of being wiped out. |
D.Wolves on the way to growing rapidly in Washington. |
【推荐2】When Auntie Rose died in early 2007, she was the oldest wild chimpanzee known to humankind. At around 63 years old, very elderly for a chimp, her final months had been difficult.
Still, until the very end, Auntie Rose had been fending for herself. Adult chimpanzees rarely share food, so elderly animals have to find their own meals. Aging animals in the wild are less active, and may become a bit feeble too, losing muscle mass as they age. But they handle old age much better than we do. They just power along.
People often become less active as they age, inspired by the self-fulfilling prophecy that their bodies are naturally weakening and that their condition is therefore inevitably deteriorating. Yet even wild chimpanzees like Auntie Rose, who had to walk many miles to find food and did not receive health care when ill or injured, appear to be aging in a healthier way, says anthropologist Melissa Emery Thompson of the University of New Mexico.
Studies in people with hunter-gatherer lifestyles, many of whom remain very active until the end of their lives, also often show that they stay healthy much longer than those of us taking it easy as we grow older, says Emery Thompson. For instance, the walking speed of the Hadzain Tanzania, who keep up their foraging duties throughout life, does not appear to significantly decrease as they grow older. “It’s not physical activity, but inactivity, that makes us frail,” she says.
The many calcium-rich plants in the gorilla diet may be part of the explanation. But the most important factor, Thompson believes, is again physical activity. Even though mountain gorillas spend many hours a day sitting down and eating, they get plenty of exercise traveling up and down the region’s steep slopes.
1. What can we know about Auntie Rose according to the passage?A.She was the oldest chimpanzee. | B.She was taken care of by other chimpanzees. |
C.She suffered a lot in her final months. | D.Other chimpanzees would share food with her. |
A.Aging chimpanzees in the wild are not as active as the young ones. |
B.Aging chimpanzees have to find food for themselves. |
C.Aging chimpanzees tend to lose muscle mass. |
D.Aging chimpanzees can handle old age as well as human beings. |
A.Find food by yourself. |
B.Don’t receive health care when ill or injured. |
C.Believe that your body and conditions will naturally become weak. |
D.Keep physical activities. |
A.Older chimpanzees won’t feel weak if they keep walking. |
B.Physical activity can help us age healthily. |
C.Physical activity is the only factor that helps us remain active. |
D.We should keep eating while traveling up and down. |
【推荐3】Kids want to spend their summer vacations having fun in the sun with their friends. Reading may not even be on their list. But if you add a lovely dog, that could make reading a pleasant activity.
Now a new study found that reading to dogs helps to improve reading ability because dogs provide a nonjudgmental and supportive atmosphere(氛围).
Three educators from the college decided to look at new ways to get kids to read more after the Education Ministry expressed concern over a great drop in reading scores in fourth-grade students.
These students had reading difficulties because they did not go through school in person during the last three years. They missed out on reading practice with their peers(同龄人)during the second and third grades.
“We want to find an original way that would encourage students to practice their reading,” Har-Zvi, head of the special-education track and senior lecturer at the college said. “And to create that encouragement, we decided to do experiments with dogs.”
Reading to pets encourages kids to acquire confidence and interest in reading, according to the pet food company Purina. That’s not only because the practice of reading to dogs is used in home-schooling to help the kids acquire reading ability, but also because pets are comforting and nonjudgmental. Einat Artzi, whose daughter took part in the experiment, told Ynet that her daughter Michaela ”has loved dogs from a young age. Her experience of reading to dogs greatly increased her desire to read, and in her opinion, it improved her reading abilities. All in all, the experience of introducing dogs into the classroom made her feel comfortable and safe, and she began to enjoy going to school. Michaela is now considered one of the top readers in her class and has a very rich vocabulary. Thanks to this, we also took in a dog.“
1. What led three educators to try to get kids to read more?A.Kids’ difficulty in making friends. | B.Teachers’ passive teaching methods. |
C.Their worry about students’ health. | D.Concerns of education leaders. |
A.The quiet listening of the dogs. | B.The kids’ love for the dogs. |
C.The parents’ joining them. | D.The guidance from the teachers. |
A.It made her fall in love with dogs. | B.It bettered her reading ability greatly. |
C.It improved her relationships with others. | D.It allowed her to take a dog to school. |
A.Dogs Are Good Friends to Kids | B.Kids’ Reading Scores Are Dropping |
C.Dogs Help Make Kids Better Readers | D.Kids Studying at Home Brings Problems |
【推荐1】A lot of people assume the more work they put in at the gym, and the longer and harder they push themselves, the better their results will be.
Your body is capable of making only tiny adaptations and improvements at any one time. Once you've given it enough push to make these changes, any additional work you do after that point won't be making you any better.
As a general rule, regardless of your experience, aim to only increase the volume of any exercise by one step from workout to workout.
A.It seems logical. |
B.Instead, it'll harm your progress. |
C.It's natural that you may want to keep fit. |
D.After that, you can stop exercising during the day. |
E.Only in this way can you enjoy the benefit of exercise. |
F.They would just increase the chance of injury for beginners. |
G.How much exercise you need to do depends on your current fitness level. |
【推荐2】Everybody seeks happiness in the world. We will be really happy when we get a new car or a big house or get married... The thing is, if we are continually searching for happiness in the outside world, we will be very disappointed. It seems as if we are forever chasing it and it is always just one step away.
Happiness is a short state of mind, just like the state of sadness or joy or anger. It would not be possible for us to be in a happy state 24 hours a day. If you think that sounds laughable, think about being at a funeral when everyone is mourning. Would it feel right to go about with a huge smile on your face?
What we go through in our lives helps us grow and understand the value of happiness. We need to be able to respond in all manner of ways according to what we are dealing with at any given time. All emotions and states are part of the life.
Happiness can be found in reaching out and being in relationship with people. Though time or money may be lost in helping others, these will become our happy memories. Happiness is a dance with whatever in front of you. It is a deep connection to everything around you. It does not come from expecting others to bring you joy but from how you can create joy for others.
If you want to experience happiness more often, see what you can do to put a smile on someone else’s face each day and notice how much happier you feel when you have achieved that. Happiness is not to be found in material possessions. It is freely available to everyone at any time. All that is required to experience happiness is that you place your focus on moments in your life that make you smile.
1. From the second paragraph we can infer that ________.A.you may as well smile at a funeral |
B.we should only keep happiness in mind |
C.expression must be fit for the proper situation |
D.we can be in a happy state 24 hours a day |
A.you don’t have to work |
B.you expect others to bring you joy |
C.a good relationship is maintained |
D.you are free to do anything |
A.stretching one’s hand |
B.offering help to someone |
C.trying to get something |
D.realizing one’s dream |
A.Smiling to others is rarely available to everyone. |
B.Making others smile can create one’s own happiness. |
C.Having possessions leads to one’s own satisfaction. |
D.Experiencing happiness is to smile at others. |
【推荐3】We all know that water is tasteless. But it happens from time to time: you pick up the bottle of water you didn’t finish yesterday, and it tastes strange. Most often, you tend to drop the bottle in the trash bin, believing that the water has gone bad. But is it true?
According to Time, of course not, taste has little to do with quality of water.
As is mentioned in Time, when water is exposed to the air for 12 hours, carbon dioxide interacts with the H2O in the water, and the pH value lowers slightly. As a result, the water has a different taste.
“But it’s most likely safe to drink,” Norwegian expert Truls Krogh told Science Nordic. “If the water is covered and of good quality to start with, in principle it can last a thousand years. That’s because when water is fresh, it contains little organic matter. As long as water is held in clean glasses or bottles, no pollutants will enter it to harm our health.”
People in countries like the US, the UK and Australia usually drink tap water. According to Time, if tap water is drunk within six months, the chlorine (氯气) in the water will be enough to kill any bacteria and keep it safe to drink.
However, there are also some exceptions. If you accidentally put your fingers into water or store water in unclean containers day after day, microorganism (微生物) will enter the water.
With the help of surrounding temperature, and sunlight streaming through windows, these microorganisms multiply quickly. Sooner or later, the water will be full of the unfriendly bacteria. And if you drink the water too often, then you’re more likely to be ill.
And what about water in plastic bottles? Heat and plastic are a bad combination, US researcher Kellogg Schwab stresses. When plastic bottles are used at high temperatures, they produce a chemical called BPA. BPA is something that affects hormones (荷尔蒙) and research has tentatively linked it to “several health damage, including heart disease and cancer”, Time reported.
Schwab suggests replacing disposable (一次性的) plastic bottles with the refillable containers made of metal or glass to deal with BPA.
1. The purpose of the first paragraph is to ________.A.show an example | B.draw a conclusion |
C.introduce a topic | D.analyze a phenomenon |
A.Covered water can last for a thousand years. |
B.If the water tastes different, we shouldn’t drink it. |
C.Although kept fresh, water may still have much organic matter. |
D.The water held in a clean container is likely safe to drink. |
A.Increase. | B.Reduce. | C.Die. | D.Adapt. |
A.Why Water Is Tasteless | B.How to Get Clean Water |
C.Does Water Really Go Bad? | D.Learn to Protect Water |
【推荐1】Culdesac, which describes itself as “the first car-free neighborhood in the Us”, admitted its first 36 residents in Tempe, Arizona, US, earlier this year. The $170 million neighborhood, with its white buildings and narrow walkways, is expected to hold around 1, 000 people when the full 760 units are completed by 2025. Similar projects in Charlotte, North Carolina, and Houston, Texas, are also underway.
In a country as car-dependent as the US, Culdesac is no lack of foresight (远见). Although some densely populated (人口密集的) coastal Us cities like Boston and New York City are walkable and have ample public transportation options like taxis, buses and light rails, the majority of Americans are entirely dependent on cars to get around.
This dependence on cars doesn’t come cheap, unfortunately. In a 2023 study, the American Automobile Association said that it costs an average of about 89,000 yuan per year to own and maintain a car in the US.
So, what is stopping Americans from abandoning cars and accepting relatively cheaper choices like e-bikes? In a word, unsafe roads that prioritize cars over people. According to a 2018 report by WHO, the US traffic accident death rate is about 50 percent more than similar nations in Western Europe. At the same time, walkers and cyclists in the US are often blamed for being hit by drivers rather than the other way around.
Still, there’s hope. By choosing a new car-free way of living, US projects like Culdesac can provide another way of living that’s both healthier and more affordable and, in turn, influence others to live a better way as well. As Vanessa, a resident of Culdesac, said, “For some, cars equal freedom, but for me, it’s limitation, Freedom is being able to just simply walk out and access places. “
1. What can we learn about Culdesac from the text?A.It is expected to hold only 1, 000 people, | B.It is the world’s largest car-free neighborhood, |
C.It will be finished by the end of this year. | D.It is thought to be forward-thinking. |
A.Enough. | B.Possible. | C.Similar. | D.Special. |
A.Maintaining a car is cheap. | B.E-bikes are not widely available. |
C.Road conditions are unsafe. | D.Drivers are respected by others. |
A.Limiting freedom of movement. | B.Making local residents feel safer. |
C.Encouraging people to explore their communities. | D.Promoting a cheaper and healthier way of living. |
【推荐2】Developing healthy eating habits starts from childhood, therefore it is important for parents to teach and provide children with a healthy diet. DPHSS administrator of the Bureau of Nutrition Services, Charlie Morris told KUAM News, “A healthy diet for a child consists of a lot of fruits and vegetables in the diet limiting the amount of simple sugars in the diet and high fat food and highly processed(加工的) food.”
This means staying away as much as possible from food such as chips, cookies, candies and sugary drinks, as all children need to have meals which involve a well-balanced diet. Community nutritionist(营养学家) Thelma Romoso said, “The fruit, the vegetable, the grain, the protein, and also the milk, the diary product, so for the fruits it's easy for a mother to go into the two plus three concept of fruits and vegetables or five a day.”
This concept means that there are at least two servings of fruits a day, three servings of vegetables a day which can be served for lunch and dinner. As for protein parents can make a variety of dishes from chicken, beef, fish or even dried beans to make sure the child gets three servings a day.
Morris said that the child's hunger level controls how much is eaten and the parent controls what and when the meal is offered, saying, “Mom needs to ensure that the food offered is good food for the child to eat and throughout the day depending on how active they are, snacks(零食) are not a bad thing, so the mom should offer good kinds of snacks.”
When it comes to preparing your child's lunch and snacks for school, make sure to keep in mind that the food you provide should not only be a source of energy but also be nutritionally beneficial such as fresh fruits, and whole grain bread. But parents must be sure to remember that a good nutritional diet must be balanced with physical activity, namely it is important that children get outside and run around and play and get activity in addition to eating a good diet.
1. What does the author intend to tell us in the text?A.Fruits and vegetables are good for your child. |
B.Choose healthy food and snacks for your child. |
C.Take steps to provide a good lunch for your child. |
D.Make various and delicious dishes for your child. |
A.highly processed food should be reduced in daily life |
B.mothers should prepare delicious food by themselves |
C.sugars and high fat exist in few kinds of food |
D.active children prefer more and more snacks |
A.The food must provide energy as well as nutrition. |
B.Running and playing when eating is beneficial. |
C.Physical exercise is as important as a good diet |
D.Fruits and whole grain foods should be included. |
A.Fresh fruits are often ignored by children |
B.A good nutritional diet may cost too much |
C.Parents play an important role in children's diet |
D.Choosing healthy food is linked with income |
【推荐3】America is a mobile society. Friendships between Americans can be close and real, yet disappear soon if situations change. Neither side feels hurt by this. Both may exchange Christmas greetings for a year or two, perhaps a few letters for a while—then no more. If the same two people meet again by chance, even years later, they pick up the friendship. This can be quite difficult for us Chinese to understand, because friendships between us flow more slowly but then may become lifelong feelings, extending (延伸) sometimes deeply into both families.
Americans are ready to receive us foreigners at their homes, share their holidays, and their home life. They will enjoy welcoming us and be pleased if we accept their hospitality (好客) easily.
Another difficult point for us Chinese to understand Americans is that although they include us warmly in their personal everyday lives, they don’t show their politeness to us if it requires a great deal of time. This is usually the opposite of the practice in our country where we may be generous with our time. Sometimes, we, as hosts, will appear at airports even in the middle of the night to meet a friend. We may take days off to act as guides to our foreign friends. The Americans, however, express their welcome usually at homes, but truly cannot manage the time to do a great deal with a visitor outside their daily routine. They will probably expect us to get ourselves from the airport to our own hotel by bus. And they expect that we will phone them from there. Once we arrive at their homes, the welcome will be full, warm and real. We will find ourselves treated hospitably.
For the Americans, it is often considered more friendly to invite a friend to their homes than to go to restaurants, except for purely business matters. So accept their hospitality at home!
1. What are some characteristics of friendship in American culture?A.Real but changeable. | B.Real and easy. |
C.Close but difficult. | D.Easy and slow. |
A.sad | B.anxious | C.pleased | D.impolite |
A.Chinese express their welcome usually at homes. |
B.Americans don’t like to share holidays with friends. |
C.Americans can easily understand Chinese’s custom. |
D.Chinese are willing to spend time with their friends. |
A.Science. | B.Culture. | C.Entertainment. | D.Sports. |