1 . CHOKING FIRST AID
| Choking (噎住) on food can be dangerous sometimes. The Heimlich maneuver (海姆立克急救法) is a very useful way to save a person who is choking. And it’s easy to learn. 1. Stand behind the person. Put your arms around his waist (腰). 2. Make a fist (拳) with one hand. Put it a little higher than his navel (肚脐). 3. Hold the fist with the other hand. Pull the fist inward and upward quickly. 4. Repeat the above steps until the food goes out. Please remember: 1. Call 120 first before performing the Heimlich maneuver. 2. The Heimlich maneuver can be performed on adults and children over 1 year old, but it is not suggested for babies under 1 year old. 3. Do not perform the Heimlich maneuver when a person is able to speak, cough or breathe. |
| What should you do when a baby under 1 year old is choking? 1. Hold his face down. Make sure his head is lower than his body. 2. Use the heel of your hand to do back thumps (背部拍击) 5 times. 3. If that is not helpful, turn his face up, with the head lower than the body. 4. Use 2 fingers to do chest thrusts (胸部按压) 5 times. 5. Repeat the above steps until the food goes out. |
1. Where should you stand when performing the Heimlich maneuver to save a student?
| A．Behind the student. | B．In front of the student. |
| C．On the left of the student. | D．On the right of the student. |
| A．Your friend, 16, is choking but can speak clearly. |
| B．Your mother, 40, is choking but can breathe on her own. |
| C．Your sister, 6 months old, is choking and cannot breathe. |
| D．Your classmate, 15, is choking and cannot speak or breathe. |
| A．up | B．down | C．left | D．right |
| A．two | B．three | C．four | D．five |
| A．The Heimlich maneuver makes you eat less. |
| B．Call 110 before you perform the Heimlich maneuver. |
| C．Your life can sometimes be in danger because of choking. |
| D．The Heimlich maneuver cannot be performed on one person repeatedly. |
2 . Because of COVID-19, people may have bad feelings, such as sadness, anxiety and fear. Helping yourself and your family members keep a positive attitude will be very important. Below are four ways to keep your body and mind strong.
•Recognize and accept your feelings
When you stay at home for a long time, it is normal to feel upset or anxious. The first step is to recognize and accept these feelings. It means being honest about your feelings. Don’t hide your feelings. Accepting your feelings can actually help you manage them.
•Keep a healthy lifestyle
Keep a balanced diet and follow a daily routine (惯例). People who stay at home for a long time may easily have their routine turned upside down. Some people may stay up late at night and fail to get up during the day. Sleep is important for your personal health. Good sleep, especially deep sleep, can reduce anxiety.
•Exercise regularly
Physical exercise is also an effective way to reduce anxiety. Even a small amount of physical exercise can immediately make you feel better. And it works for people of all ages. At this time, you probably could not do outdoor exercise. But you should still do some exercise at home. If you need exercise tips, try downloading an app or find them online.
•Talk to someone
Humans are social animals. If our need to socialize (社交) is not met, it may lead to bad feelings. Luckily, it is easy to connect with relatives and friends. Call someone or send a message on WeChat.
Title: How to | |
| Recognize and accept your feelings | It’s normal to feel upset or anxious. Recognize and accept the feelings |
| Keep a healthy lifestyle | It’s important to keep a balanced diet and follow a daily routine. Sleep is important for the |
| Physical exercise is also an effective way to reduce anxiety. | |
| Talk to someone | Humans are social animals. You can connect with relatives and friends by |
On March 18, 2022, the 1915 Canakkale Bridge was opened in Turkey. The country of Turkey is mainly in Asia, but part of it lies in Europe. The Dardanelles Strait separates the two parts. The new bridge crosses the Dardanelles Strait, connecting Europe and Asia.
The bridge sets a new record for the world’s longest suspension bridge (悬索桥), whose largest section (段) is 2,023 meters long. It is about 33 meters longer than that of the Akashi Kaikyo Bridge, the earlier record holder.
The bridge’s name is related to an important Turkey’s 1915 victory against England and France during the World War I in the Dardanelles Strait. Besides, the bridge also contains several special numbers. Its towers are 318 meters high and the bridge was opened on March 18 (3/18). Those numbers mark the day that Turkey normally honors soldiers killed during the war.
Building the bridge wasn’t easy. It took five years and cost about $2.7 billion. But the opening of the bridge will make a contribution to Turkey’s economic development—it will help Turkey save up to $458 million a year, because trips crossing the Dardanelles Strait will be using far less fuel and polluting much less. People can drive across the Strait in about six minutes. Before the bridge, the fastest way to cross the Strait was by boat. The trip was about an hour, but waiting to get on and off the boat could take hours longer.
1. What places does the 1915 Canakkale Bridge connect?2. How long is the largest section of Akashi Kaikyo Bridge?
3. Why did the bridge open on March 18?
4. How much did people spend building the bridge?
5. Was the fastest way to cross the Strait by boat after the bridge was built?
4 . We often see ants looking for new homes and returning with other ants if they’ve found a good one. Ants do this by teaching. And a team of scientists have developed small robots to study how ants teach one another. The robots can behave like rock ants. They use one-to-one teaching — an ant discovers a better home and teaches the route (路线) to another.
In their research, the scientists replaced the teaching ant with a small robot. They circled an area with two homes for the ants. One was their old home, and the other was a new, better home built for them. The researchers waited for an ant to leave its old home and put the robot directly ahead of it.
Then the robot moved towards the new, better home. During its journey, the robot stopped from time to time to wait for the follower ant. The ant needed to look around and get familiar with things around it. When the robot led the follower ant to the new home, the ant examined the new home in its own time and began its way back home. The robot had successfully taught the route to the pupil ant.
A key part of the teaching is tandem (纵排的) running. One ant leads another slowly along a route to the new-found home. The pupil ant memorizes the route so that it can find its way back home by itself and then lead another ant to the new home, and the process repeats.
1. What’s the role of the small robot in the study?| A．A student. | B．A teacher. | C．A researcher. | D．An engineer. |
| A．steps in building a home for ants. | B．preparations for the teaching process |
| C．locations of the small robot and the ant | D．differences between the two homes for ants |
| A．it ran too fast |
| B．it went the wrong way |
| C．the follower ant returned to its old home |
| D．the follower ant needed time to remember the route |
| A．Some ants can learn from humans. | B．Ants usually look for new homes together. |
| C．Things around may help an ant find its way | D．Repeating can help an ant improve its memory. |
| A．Using robots to study ants’ teaching process. | B．Passing knowledge to ants in an easy way. |
| C．How rock ants look for a new home. | D．How rock ants know their way. |
5 . Have you ever heard of the Eternal Flame Falls (永恒火焰瀑布)? It’s one of the most special waterfalls on our planet.
The waterfall is in a park in western New York, the USA. As we come close to it, we will smell something like bad eggs. That’s the smell of natural methane gas (沼气) produced by ancient rocks that are awfully hot. At the heart of the waterfall is a small flame.
The burning flame has been there for a long time. The locals believe it was created by elves (精灵). According to them, we may come across one while looking at the flame if we are lucky enough.
Another popular idea about the flame is that it’s alive because of the natural gas. It is widely believed that it was first set on fire a hundred years ago. Although the flame once went out, it was lit again right away.
However, Indiana University researchers think differently. The temperature of the flame is much higher than the boiling point of water, but their study shows that those rocks are not hot enough to lead to such a result. This means something else keeps the flame alive. However, the researchers are unable to discover the real reason behind it.
Arndt Schimmelmann from the university further explains that this special place has a different way to produce gas. “If there is another way of producing gas, there might be more gas sources (来源) than expected,” he adds.
1. The waterfall is special because of ______.| A．its bad smell | B．its long history | C．the local stories | D．the flame in it |
| A．It burns things that get close. | B．It has been burning for long. |
| C．It was created by an animal. | D．It has never gone out. |
| A．why the rocks are so hot |
| B．what keeps the flame alive |
| C．the result of a research done by a university |
| D．some different opinions on the burning flame |
| A．the flame may go out at any time | B．the burning point of the gas is low |
| C．the methane gas isn’t from the rocks | D．he can find out how the flame was formed |
| A．talk about the cause of the flame |
| B．call on people to protect the environment |
| C．ask people to visit the Eternal Flame Falls |
| D．introduce some special waterfalls to visitors |
6 . 阅读短文，然后根据内容回答问题。
The World Health Organization (世卫组织) says air pollution makes seven million people lose their lives around the world each year. Even if polluted air does not kill people, it can make them very sick.
However, breathing dirty air does more than hurt people’s body. It can also affect (影响) their brain and their ability to think.
A new study shows that air pollution can cause a “huge” reduction (降低) in our intelligence (智商). The researchers reported that long-term exposure (暴露) to air pollution can affect a person’s mental(智力的) abilities in two areas: language and math. Xi Chen, the researcher of the Yale School of Public Health led the study. He and his team found that breathing polluted air can reduce a person’s education level by about one year.
Chen said that the affect generally is worse for those over 64 years of age, for men and for those with little or no education. “The older persons-they are more affected. And we find, quite interestingly men are more affected than women. And people working outdoors are more affected than people working indoors.”
The researchers found that the influence of pollution on language ability is even more serious as people age, especially among men and the less educated. Why area person’s language skills more affected than math? There’s an important part in our brain: white matter.
White matter is more connected with a person’s language skills. Studies have shown that air pollution has a great influence on the white matter in the brain.
Chen said that air pollution did affect the math skills just not as much as their language skills.
1. What harm does breathing dirty air do to people?2. In what areas can air pollution affect a person’s mental abilities?
3. Why area person’s language skills affected by air pollution?
4. Where do you think air pollution mainly come from? What’s your advice on stopping air pollution? (at least 30 words)
The greenhouse effect
The atmosphere around the Earth is necessary for all living things. It is (A)________ the glass of a greenhouse, letting sunlight in and (B) keeping heat from getting out. Without it, the Earth would be the same (C)________ the Moon—cold and lifeless.
When we burn fuels such as petrol and coal, we produce a gas called carbon dioxide (CO2). (D) Too much of this gas pollutes the atmosphere, and causes it to keep in too much heat. As a result of the greenhouse effect, the Earth’s temperature is (E)increasing. (F)这导致海平面的上升, and in the future may cause cities to disappear.
1. 在文中(A)和(C)空白处填入适当的单词：2. 写出文中画线部分(B)和(E)的同义词或近义词：
3. 将文中画线部分(D)改写为：The atmosphere
4. 将文中画线部分(F)译成英语：
5. 从文中找出本文的中心词语：
Many children spend a lot of time watching or playing with electronic media— from televisions to video games, computers and other devices(设备).
So, it is natural that parents should wonder about the time children spend looking at a TV or computer screen. Americans say “screen time” when they talk about any time children spend in front of an electronic device.
Perhaps parents can stop worrying so much about screen time, at least for older boys and girls. In October 2018, the American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) listed several suggestions for parents and child care workers. Here are some of the suggestions.
●Avoid digital media use in children younger than 18 to 24 months.
●For children aged 18-24 months, avoid letting the child watch media alone. And avoid using media as a way to comfort your child.
●For children two to five years of age, allow one-hour screen time on “high-quality programming” a day and watch it with your child.
●For children aged 6 and older, don’t spend too much time using media. Also, make sure that screen time does not take the place of healthy sleep, exercising, doing homework and other activities.
●Make sure to have media-free time together as a family, such as dinner or driving. Also make some areas of the home media-free. Turn off your child’s electronic devices an hour before bedtime.
1. What’s the meaning of “screen time”?
2. When did the advice about screen time come out?
3. How many suggestions are mentioned in the text?
4. How long can children aged two to five watch a program in a week?
5. Can screen time replace the activities like doing exercise?
