1 . 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。

Did you know that years have their own colors? Pantone Color Institute is an organization that gives companies advice about color. And every year, it picks one that represents trends(趋势) in international culture.

This year, Pantone’s color is a bright shade of green that it calls “greenery”. Greenery makes people think of nature and growth. The color represents hope of changing one’s life for the better or care for the environment.

Red, orange and yellow are considered “warm” colors while blue, green and purple are “cool”. But greenery has elements(元素) of both; it’s green, but it also includes a lot of yellow. This makes it able to go well with many other colors.

Pantone’s researchers start choosing the color of the year about nine months before the year begins. They look for a color that is already being used more and more often. To decide the color of the year, they look beyond fashion and home decorating. They study art, movies and lots of other things. They pick one color they expect to stay popular and announce their choice in December for the following year.

You’re likely to see greenery a lot. When you do, let it encourage you to enjoy nature and start something new.

Title: Greenery, the Color of the     1
Who picked the color?	An organization     2     Pan-tone Color Institute.
What is the color like?	It includes both green and yellow, so it goes     3     with many other colors. It represents hope of changing for a better life or care for the environment.
4     is the color chosen?	Pantone’s researchers start choosing it early each year. They look for a color that is already getting more and more popular. They do a lot of research in different areas before they make the     5    .

2 . In ancient times, people usually wrote from right to left in vertical columns(竖列). But now, we write from left to right in horizontal (横行). Why did this change? (A)This has to do with the writing tools and habits that people had at that time.

Before paper was created, people wrote on bamboos. They wrote from top to bottom on one piece and then another. These bamboos were connected together into one long passage and rolled up. People usually held it with their right hand and opened it with their left hand. Therefore, it is more convenient to start writing from the right-hand side.

In 1917, linguist(语言学家) Qian Xuantong wrote a letter to the New Culture Movement leader Chen Duxiu. He suggested writing Chinese from left to right. He said that if we used our right hands to write, it would be easier to begin from the left and more comfortable to read. (B)然而，他的想法并没有被广泛接受.

In the early 1950s, famous overseas Chinese businessman Chen Jiageng and Chinese writer Guo Moruo raised this advice again. They thought that the area seen from left to right was much wider than the area seen from up to down. In this way, writing and reading sideways will reduce eye fatigue(疲劳).

Gradually, newspapers, magazines and books were printed in horizontal rows. And people began writing from left to right instead of writing from right to left. Now people have been used to writing from left to right in rows.

1. 将划线部分(A)句译为汉语。________________________
2. Before paper was invented, people wrote on _______________ from top to bottom.
3. 将划线部分(B)句译为英语。__________________________________
4. Who first suggested writing Chinese from left to right?
_____________________________________________________
5. Which is the best title of the passage?

A．The habits and tools of writing in the ancient times.

B．The changing of writing from ancient times to the present.

C．The history of writing from left to right in horizontal.

D．The reason of writing from vertical columns to horizontal.

3 . 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。

People from different countries greet each other differently. Read this article to learn more about the greeting customs in different cultures, and make sure you greet people in the right way next time.

France

French people greet each other with a handshake, but close friends kiss each other on both cheeks(脸颊) when they meet. They do this when they first meet and before they leave each other.

South Korea

In South Korea, it is a sign of respect for people to bow when greeting each other. A bow is followed by a handshake. In shaking someone’s hand, it is polite to support the right forearm(前臂) with the left hand. However, South Korean women do not shake hands with western men; instead, they bow slightly(轻微地).

Brazil

Kissing on the cheek is a common way of greeting in Brazil. But in a formal situation, a handshake is often done to show respect. Men should shake hands before and after meeting, and once they have known each other well, a light hug is often given.

Ghana

In a social situation, it’s polite to greet everyone in the room in Ghana. A handshake is used in greeting, and the palm(手掌) must directly touch the palm of the other. It’s considered impolite to touch the back of the hand.

Greeting customs in different cultures
1	People greet each other with a handshake or by kissing each other on     2     cheeks if they are close friends.
South Korea	To show respect, Koreans greet people by     3     to each other first and then shaking hands. South Korean women do not shake hands with western men; instead, they bow slightly.
Brazil	The common way of greeting in Brazil is kissing on the cheek. In a formal situation, a handshake is often done to show     4    . Alight hug is often given once men have known each other well.
Ghana	A handshake is used in greeting in Ghana, but do remember not to touch the back of the     5    .

4 . Cars powered by gasoline were sold for many years before hybrid vehicles that use gasoline, electricity, and solar energy. Car companies are now making cars that are fully powered by electricity only. How do these electric cars measure up to(符合标准)traditional gasoline cars?

Electric and gasoline vehicles look similar on the outside. They have very different parts under their hoods, though. Electric cars have one main moving part: the motor. But gas cars literally have hundreds of parts, often requiring frequent maintenance(保养). Having fewer parts makes the electric car cheaper to maintain and less likely to have mechanical problems.

Electric vehicles are energy efficient, also making them cheaper to operate. It costs about＄1.00 to travel 43 miles in an electric car, which is a clear contrast to a gas car, which costs about＄1.25 to go 18 miles. Basically, an electric car can go twice as far as a gas car for the same price.

Electric vehicles do not have tailpipe emissions, making them more friendly to the environment, too.

While some details make electric cars seem attractive, other details aren’t as favorable. For example, some electric cars can travel only 60 to 120 miles on a full charge(充电). Most gas cars can drive hundreds of miles on a full tank.

An electric car has to stop more often to get recharged. Therefore, a gas car would be a better option(选择) if you have far to drive. And electric cars aren’t as convenient(方便) to power up as gas cars are. There are plenty of gas stations, but not many charging stations for electric cars. Then, once an electric car reaches a charging station, it can take up to six hours to charge.

There are certainly benefits to both electric cars and gasoline cars. It’s good to know that there is an option.

Electric cars VS Gasoline cars
Introduction	With the appearance of electric cars, people wonder whether electric cars can achieve the     1     standards as gasoline cars.
Similarity	Electric cars and gasoline cars look similar on the outside.
2	Electric cars 1. Having fewer parts reduces the cost of their maintenance and the possibility of having mechanical problems. 2.     3     with gasoline cars, electric cars are more energy-saving, making them cheaper to operate. 3. Having no tailpipe emissions, they are more environmentally friendly. 4. It takes more time for electric cars to get charged. Gasoline cars 1.Gas cars can cover a     4     distance on a full tank than electric cars on a full charge. 2.Gas cars are more convenient to power up.
Conclusion	Both electric cars and gasoline cars have their own benefits, which provides people with a       5    .

5 . YuJie is a 24-year-old girl from Beijing (A) 她每个月花大约3000元买东西, but she hardly（几乎不）goes to a shopping center. “Nobody needs a shopping center because we have the Internet. I can almost buy everything in my life on Taobao,” said Yu. Most online shoppers are students or white-collar workers. More women shop online than men. Clothing and home-use products are popular.

Online shoppers like November 11, the Singles’ Day shopping spree（狂欢）. In the past, it was just a day for the single（单身）, However, it is the biggest online shopping day in China now. Now there is a new way about online shopping called (B) the second kill. It will cost you very little money to buy expensive goods in short time.

Online shopping has many advantages. But sometimes when we get the product, it doesn’t look like what we think. So when you shop online, remember the following points: to begin with, (C) before buying, choose the products carefully and compare the prices of the same product. What’s more, shop on a secure PC（安全的个人计算机）. Third, when you find problems with the products, tell the shop worker quickly.

1. 将（A）处划线句子翻译成英语。
__________________________________________
2. Why does Yu Jie hardly go to a shopping center to buy things?
__________________________________________
3. （B）处划线短语 “the second kill” means _________ in the passage.

A．二次购买

B．微商

C．秒杀

D．二次甩卖

4. 将（C）处翻译成汉语。
____________________________________________
5. Do you often go shopping online? Why?
____________________________________________

6 . DNA is the whole “map” of the human body. It is something that all humans have, and it tells the body what to do. DNA is the reason that we look like our parents, because we get some of their DNA to make our own.

People have been trying to understand the human body for a long time. In 1860, Mr. Mendel discovered why we look similar to other people in our family. It is because of small things called “genes” in our body. In 1953, two scientists, Watson and Crick, found out that those small parts are real messages. They are written in the DNA with a special language.

In 1961, another two scientists found the first “word” that they could understand in that language. It shows how DNA tells the cell （细胞） to build its parts. So far, scientists have found all the words in the DNA map, but we do not understand what they all do. By understanding what just one “word” means, we can help to save people from several illnesses. So the more we understand, the more doctors will be able to do.

Most people hope that this will help to make better medicine to help sick people. Other people worry that when we learn more “words” and find out more information, we will use it in the wrong way, just to make people more attractive, or stop sick people getting jobs.

根据短文内容，请用完整句子回答下列问题。
1. Why do we look like our parents?
__________________________________
2. What did the two scientists find in 1961?
__________________________________
3. How can we help sick people if we understand more “words” in the DNA map?
__________________________________
4. What does the underlined word “They” refer to?
__________________________________
5. What can we know from the last paragraph?
__________________________________

7 . The traditional Chinese lunar calendar(阴历) divides the year into 24 solar terms(节气). Lichun, the first of the 24 solar terms, lifts the curtain(窗帘) of spring. After that everything turns green and is filled with energy. People clearly see that the daytime is becoming longer and the weather is becoming warmer. Here are some things you might not know about Lichun.

As a solar term, Lichun entered people’s lives in the Spring and Autumn period. At that time, there were eight solar terms. According to some experts, the 24 solar terms were used for the first time in books during the Western Han Dynasty, when people set Lichun as the Spring Festival.

Wearing fabric swallows(织成的燕子) is a custom in some areas in Shaanxi. Every Lichun, people like to wear a swallow made of colorful silk on their chests(胸部). The swallow is a sign of spring and a symbol of success, wealth and happiness.

In China, it is said that the egg can be set upright on the first day of Lichun. It is believed that if someone can make the egg stand on the first day of Lichun, he will have good luck in the future.

In many parts of China, people follow the custom of “biting the spring” on the first day of Lichun. They eat spring pancakes, spring rolls(春卷) and so on.

Complete the chart according to the passage with only one word for each blank.

Lichun
Facts	It is the    1    of the 24 solar terms of the year. Everything turns green and is    2    of energy. The daytime is becoming longer and the weather is becoming warmer.
3	It appeared in the Spring and Autumn period. It was    4    as the Spring Festival during the Western Han Dynasty.
Customs	People like to wear a swallow made of colorful silk on their chests. If someone can set the egg upright, he will be    5    . People eat spring pancakes, spring rolls and so on.

8 . 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格。每空一词。

Durrow Scarecrow(稻草人) Festival 2022 will take place from July 24th to August 1st! The whole city is running a scarecrow competition and all the works will be shown during the festival. That will be nine full days of family friendly fun, along with other activities , including traditional games, and charitable activities!

Humans have used scarecrows around the world for over 3,000 years. The first recorded use of scarecrows was by the Egyptians to protect their wheat fields along the Nile River. Scarecrows were mainly used to scare away hungry birds. Nowadays, numerous exciting and enjoyable scarecrow festivals are born for all the citizens to attend.

The England scarecrow festival started in 1994. A man held a charitable activity by encouraging villagers to make scarecrows depicting (描绘) their jobs. The idea of homemade scarecrows arose people’s interest. Later, the festival grew into England’s village tradition. Every year it attracts countless visitors from all over the world to join in the fun.

Scarecrow festivals help people let their creativity out by experiencing DIY with straw. They also become a talking point for neighbors who have never met each other before. Citizens join in the fun and show off their creative flair(才华) to each other. Besides, through the competition, the team spirit will be displayed.

Scarecrow Festivals
Basic Information	Durrow Scarecrow Festival 2022 will     1     for nine days. Durrow Scarecrow Festival 2022 will     2     a scarecrow competition, traditional games, and charitable activities.
History	The Egyptians made scarecrows to     3     their fields from hungry birds 3,000 years ago. The England scarecrow festival started in 1994. There are many scarecrow festivals now, attracting countless visitors.
4	They help release people’s creativity by experiencing DIY with straw. They help improve the relationship between neighbors. They help     5     the team spirit.

9 . 阅读短文，根据文章内容，完成下列表格，每空一词。

Our government is doing its best to prevent the rapid spread of the Novel Coronavirus across China. Here are some simple precautions (预防措施) that you can do personally to keep safe from the virus.

When you leave your home, wear masks and gloves and keep them on in subways, buses or in a supermarket. If you are in a social situation where you should take off your gloves, do not touch your face or eyes, no matter what itches (发痒). Keep your hands away from contact with your face. And before you put your gloves back on, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and warm water. Change gloves daily, washing them thoroughly, and don’t wear wet gloves. Stay away from crowds and keep your distance from individual people—a half meter is a good standard. If someone is coughing, you can ask them to put on a mask to protect you from their potentially contaminated (污染的) fluids. If they don’t agree, you step a meter away from them or leave. Don’t shake hands or hug people—politely leave, saying its better for both of you not to come in close contact during an epidemic (流行病).

If you share meals, do not use your personal chopsticks to get food from a serving bowl or plate and. Of course don’t drink out of anybody else’s cups. Place serving spoons in each dish and instruct everybody at the table to get what they want from the serving dishes onto their personal plates or bowls, return the serving spoon to the main dish, and then use their personal chopsticks only to pick food from their personal plate or bowl into their mouth.

With these simple precautions, if they were taken by everybody in your household, building, office, and school, you will dramatically reduce the spread of the virus.

根据短文内容，完成下列表格 (每空一词)。

How to Stay from the Novel Corona virus
Here are some simple precautions that you can do by yourselves to protect you from the virus.
Wear masks and   gloves	Wear masks and gloves and keep them on in     1    . Be careful not to touch your face or eyes after taking off gloves in a social situation. Avoid wearing     2     gloves. You should change them every day.
Stay away from crowds	Follow a good standard of keeping a half meter from individual people. Ask people to put on a mask if they have a     3    . It’s better not to contact closely during an epidemic.
Use serving chopsticks	Use serving chopsticks to get food from a serving bowl. Don’t drink out of others’ cups. Ask people to follow the instruction to place serving spoons in each dish and     4     the serving spoon to the main dish.
If everybody takes the precautions, the spread of the virus will be greatly     5    .