1 . It is reported that some developed countries have shipped broken parts of computers to China. Such a thing can be found almost every day although it is against international laws. Last month Hong Kong officers found 131,000 kilograms of broken computers, TVs and phones sent from Japan. Things like these are called electronic waste, or e-waste. Dealing with them is not an easy job because dangerous poisons like mercury（汞）and lead（铅）can be found in them. Every time an old computer breaks down, it needs to be dealt with safely. But at present, broken computer parts are usually buried. It may be hundreds of years before they are really gone in the earth.
Many places in China are polluted by e-waste. Guiyu in Guangdong Province is one of them. This town is named as "the e-waste capital of the world". It has to deal with 1.5 million kilograms of e-waste each year, from which it makes 75 million yuan. But it comes at a cost. Many of the poisons in e-waste find their way into the environment. Plastic is burned outdoors and chemical water is poured into rivers. Greenpeace, an environmental group, has found the air, the earth and the rivers in Guiyu badly polluted. The Chinese government wants the country to develop, but in a way that doesn't do harm to the environment and people's life. This year, China passed a new environmental protection law, the strictest one we have ever had. Computer companies like Lenovo and Dell will be asked to take back their old computers. This is because the companies that make computers know best how to deal with them safely. Hopefully, the problem with e-waste will be solved in the near future.
1. The e-waste found in Hong Kong last month was from .| A．France | B．Japan | C．Germany | D．Australia |
| A．焚烧 | B．降解 | C．回收 | D．掩埋 |
| A．is the e-capital of the world |
| B．has serious e-waste pollution |
| C．deals with the e-waste safely |
| D．spends much money on e-waste |
| A．tried to change people's life |
| B．closed some computer companies |
| C．made a new environmental protection law |
| D．asked people to hand in their old computers |
| A．the ways to deal with e-waste | B．the cost of burning e-waste |
| C．the e-waste problem in China | D．the need to pass a law against e-waste |
2 . Sue and Linda usually go to school by car. They drive past a restaurant, a supermarket and a shop. The library is next to the supermarket. Jack and Michael usually go to school by bus. They go past a bank and a post office. The bank is next to the post office. Mary usually goes to work by bike. She rides (骑车) past a library, a hotel and a swimming pool.
1. How many people are there in this passage?| A．Two. | B．Three. | C．Four. | D．Five. |
| A．It’s next to a swimming poor. | B．It’s on the right. |
| C．It’s next to a post office. | D．It’s between a shop and a restaurant. |
| A．By bike. | B．By bus. | C．By car. | D．We don’t know. |
| A．A restaurant. | B．A post office. | C．A park. | D．A swimming pool. |
| A．On foot. | B．By bus. | C．By bike. | D．By taxi. |
3 . The weather is different in different parts of the world. In some places it is dry, and in others is wet.
If the weather is too dry, the land will not be good for animals and plants. In wet weather there may be too much rain. The rivers may go over the sides. The water may take the bridge away. If the rivers go over their sides, a lot of people may not have enough food. If there is very dry weather for a long time, the river beds may be dry.
In some parts of the world the weather may be very cold. There may be snow. When it snows, the trees, the buildings and everything look white. In winter the days are short and the nights are long. On cold winter nights, when there are no clouds or winds, the sky is very clear. And the moon and stars are very beautiful. People may put on their coats and go out for long walks. When they come back to their houses, they may be happy to have hot coffee and cakes by the fire.
1. In different parts of the world, the weather is _________.| A．the same | B．not the same | C．scary | D．not scary |
| A．go over the sides | B．make new bridges | C．have no water | D．have dry beds |
| A．spring | B．summer | C．fall | D．winter |
| A．晴朗的 | B．阴天的 | C．多云的 | D．多风的 |
| A．the moon and the wind | B．clouds and winds |
| C．hot coffee and cakes | D．snow and fire |
4 . The London Eye is a huge Ferris wheel(摩天轮) in London. English people built it to celebrate (庆祝) the year 2000. It was opened on February 1st, 2000. It is 135 meters tall. When it was built, it was the tallest Ferris wheel in the world. It is very popular with tourists(游客). In fact, it is the most popular paid(付费的) tourist attraction(景点) in London. More than 3.5 million(百万) people take a ride on it every year.
If you take a ride on the London Eye, you will be able to see a lot of London. From the top you can see about 40 kilometers away. A ride on the London Eye takes about 30 minutes. It also doesn't stop when you get on and off. Don't worry because it doesn’t go very fast! There are 32 capsules(舱) to ride in, and about 800 people can take a ride at the same time. It might not be as old as other places in London, but it has already become an important London attraction.
1. Why did English people build the London Eye?| A．To celebrate the year 2000. | B．To make some money. |
| C．To welcome foreign tourists. | D．To make the city famous. |
| A．More than 4.5 million. | B．More than 3.5 million. |
| C．More than 5.5 million. | D．More than 2.5 million. |
| A．Take a ride on a bus. | B．Take a ride on a bike. |
| C．Take a ride on a train. | D．Take a ride on the London Eye. |
| A．You can only get on the London Eye when it stops. |
| B．You can only get off the London Eye when it stops. |
| C．The London Eye doesn't stop when you get on or off. |
| D．The London Eye goes very fast after tourists get on it. |
| A．25. | B．35. | C．45. | D．55. |
Why are dogs our best friends? Maybe because they can understand our words much better than we thought, according to a study in Hungary. It found that dogs understand not only what we say,but also how we say it.
"The results were very exciting and very surprising," said the researcher Attila Andies,from Eotvos Lorand University in Budapest.
For the study,the researchers first trained 13 dogs for months. The dogs had to sit quietly inside machines,so that the researchers could check their activity.
Then the researcher put headphones on dogs and played people's voices to them. There were four different voices. Some were positive words,such as "well down" , or neutral(不带感情色彩) words like "however". The words were also in different tones( 音调). Some were positive( 积极的) and some were neutral.
Brain scans( 扫描) showed that the dogs could recognize( 辨认) words,as well as the tone of words, much like people do. The positive words with a positive tone brought the stronger activity in their brain's reward centers(反应中枢).
"It shows that for dogs, a nice phrase can work very well as a prize, but it works best if both words and tones match, "said Andies.
They also found that dogs deal with meaningful words with the left side of the brain and tones with the right. Human brains work in the same way.
"It gave us a new understanding of language," said Andies. That is, not only do humans understand the meaning in words, other species(物种) do too.
1. For the study, researchers did all of the following EXCEPT that________.| A．They made dogs sit inside machines | B．They played with the dogs |
| C．They scanned the dog’s brains | D．They played people’s voices to the dogs |
| A．A neutral word with a neutral tone. | B．A neutral word with a positive tone. |
| C．A positive word with a neutral tone. | D．A positive word with a positive tone. |
| A．the results of the study | B．the process of the study |
| C．the reason of the study | D．the advantages of the study |
| A．The left side for both dogs and humans. | B．The left side for dogs and the right side for humans. |
| C．The right side for both dogs and humans. | D．The right side for dogs and the left side for humans. |
| A．Dogs are human’s best friends. | B．Dogs are talented in learning human’s language. |
| C．Dogs can understand the meaning and emotion in words. | D．Dogs can also learn humans’ language. |
6 . Do you often listen to music at loud volumes (音量)? You should know that this habit is bad for your hearing. Over 1 billion young people are at risk of hearing loss ,because of listening to loud noise for long periods of time. Listening to music or watching a TV show at loud volumes can harm your hearing.
The United Nations has standards for safe listening. It is not safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 85 dB (分贝) for eight hours or 100 dB for 15 minutes. The sound of a busy road is about 85 dB and the sound of a rock concert can be about 100 dB.
Loud noise is harmful to the inner ear. Most of us are born with about 16,000 hair cells (听毛细胞) in our inner ears. These cells notice sounds. However, listening to loud noise for a long time can make these cells work too hard and cause some of them to die. This is what causes hearing loss. Once this happens, it's hard to get your hearing back.
Some people might think that their music isn't all that loud. But this can depend on where you are. For example, if you are in a noisy place like the subway, you might turn up your music too loud without realizing it. Later, when you listen to it at the same volume in a quiet place, you might feel uncomfortable
The "safe level" for most sound is below 80 dB for up to 40 hours a week. A level of 80 dB is about equal to (相当于) the noise of a subway.
Here is some advice on safe listening. Over-the-ear headphones (头戴式耳机) are better than in-ear ones. They do a better job of stopping outside noise, so you can listen at a lower volume. Don't listen to loud music on your headphones for a long time. Follow the 60:60 rule: listen to music at 60 percent of your headphones' maximum volume for no more than 60 minutes a day.
根据短文内容, 判断下列句子正误。正确的用“A”表示, 不正确的用“B”表示。
1. It is safe to listen to sounds that are louder than 100 dB for 15 minutes
2. Listening to loud noise for a long time can cause some hair cells in the inner ear to die.
3. From the fourth paragraph, we know people don't always realize how loud their music is.
4. In-ear headphones are better than over-the-ear ones because they can stop more outside noise.
There are many Starbucks in Europe. People never found Starbucks in Italy, though. That changed after the company opened the first coffee shop in Italy in September, 2018.
Many Italians love coffee so much that they drink it every day. In Rome, coffee bars are very popular. Sant’Eustachio is one of the city’s best coffee bars. It serves about 5,000 shots of coffee a day. A shot is a tiny glass. Outside of Italy, a shot of coffee is called an espresso.
Raimondo Ricci owns Sant’Eustachio. People do not bring their laptops to the bar and relax, he said. People do bring their laptops and relax at Starbucks. Raimondo Ricci’s bar is very small. There is no room to even sit inside. Customers stand at the bar and drink. Then they leave. Sant’Eustachio is the opposite of Starbucks. At Starbucks, people like to buy large drinks. They eat packaged sandwiches. They like the comfortable seats and free Wi-Fi. Often people will stay for hours. Italian coffee bars are very different. Starbucks also charges more for coffee than Italian coffee bars do. That could be a good thing. Raimondo Ricci said coffee prices in Italy are too low.
Some Italians go to the bar five times a day. Workers move fast there. They make coffees and serve sweets or sandwiches quickly. No one writes a person’s name on a cup like at Starbucks. They do not shout out the person’s name 10 minutes later, either. Many Italians might visit the new Starbucks. Coffee shop owners do not believe they will be popular, though. Italians will still love Italian bars the best.
Carlo Alberto Carnevale Maffè teaches business at an Italian school. He said Italians might look down on Starbucks. Yet, he said, “there is room” for all coffee shops.
1. When did Starbucks appear in Italy?| A．Never. | B．Before September, 2018. |
| C．Every day. | D．In September, 2018. |
| A．The similarities between the two coffee shops. |
| B．Where the two coffee shops are located. |
| C．The differences between the two coffee shops. |
| D．The kinds of drinks people buy at the two coffee shops. |
| A．改变 | B．收费 | C．创新 | D．装饰 |
| A．Italian workers go to coffee bars quickly to relax. |
| B．Italians like a kind of coffee called espresso. |
| C．Starbucks is not as comfortable as Sant’Eustachio. |
| D．Carnevale Maffè looks down on Starbucks. |
| A．a news report | B．a recipe book | C．a travel map | D．a fashion magazine |
In the past, getting recipes and cooking tips was difficult. A person had to go to the store and buy a cook book, or get recipes from friends. Now the Internet has changed all that. If you want to find a recipe for some dishes, just go online. It couldn’t be simpler.
Cooking blogs are a great source of information because they are free and there are so many of them. They are also nice because they give all different kinds of ideas. The problem with blogs is that because we don’t know who is writing them, we need to use them carefully. When you are looking at a new blog, you don’t know if the writer knows what he or she is talking about.
Today, we’d like to introduce(介绍) two popular cooking blogs. The first is called Smitten Kitchen. This website is run by a family living in New York City. It focuses on food that doesn’t need many ingredients. If you want to make food that is simple but wonderful, then this is the site for you. It shows thousands of recipes, divided into categories. You will be surprised at how many they are.
Wednesday Chef is another great cooking blog. It is run by a writer who lives in Berlin. This blog also offers many recipes, together with introductions for great restaurants in Berlin and suggestions(建议) for people who want to start their own blogs. Wednesday Chef has great pictures of the food, as well as interesting pictures of Berlin. The blog got its name because in the past, newspapers published(出版) their food articles on Wednesdays.
There are a lot of cooking blogs on the Internet, and most of them are pretty good. Go online and read them. You might be happy to see how much they can help you to improve your cooking.
1. The Internet has changed _______.| A．the way people get recipes and cooking tips |
| B．the way people cook their favorite dishes |
| C．the way people buy their cook books |
| D．the way people publish their articles |
| A．They are not free to use. |
| B．The number of them is small. |
| C．They show different ideas. |
| D．All of the writers are experts. |
| A．It only gives recipes on fast food. |
| B．It mainly introduces simple recipes. |
| C．It introduces just a few recipes. |
| D．Most recipes here are hard to follow. |
| A．Now you have to buy books or ask friends to get recipes. |
| B．Smitten Kitchen offers the ingredients of their recipes. |
| C．The writer of Wednesday Chef was born on Wednesday. |
| D．Reading cooking blogs might make your cooking better. |
| A．Different and Difficult. | B．Free and Easy. |
| C．Surprising and Healthy. | D．Good and Bad. |
Are you afraid of going to the dentist (牙医)? If so, you're not alone.
These fears could just be in our heads, however. According to a recent survey by Martin Tickle, a professor at Manchester University in the UK, the pain isn't felt most of the time in dental surgeries (牙科手术). In fact. among the 451 interviewed patients, 75 ％ reported no pain at all during their visits, including situations when they had their teeth pulled out.
Could it be the sound of the drill (钻头)then?
"I found that the sound of drilling can evoke deep worry in dental patients. Actually they don't have any pain." Hiroyuki Karibe, a scientist at Nippon Dental University in Tokyo, told the Guardian.
To find the reason why a drill might bring on a racing heart, Karibe divided the volunteers into low-fear and high-fear groups based on how much they feared a trip to the dentist. Volunteers were played the sound of a drill while their brain activities were watched by a machine.
What Karibe found in the low-fear group was increased activity in the areas of the brain relative to auditory processing (听觉处理), which means, for these people, the sound of dental drills is no different from other sounds
In the high-fear group, however, the brain area that was activated (激活) was different. It was the area that carries out a number of duties, including learning, feelings and, most importantly, memory. This means that these volunteers not only heard the sound, but they remembered it-they made connections between the sound of a drill and the worry it produced in the past, causing their worry to return.
Understanding how brains reply to the sounds of dentists’ drills could help scientists find ways to make patients more relaxed, according to Karibe, because patients who worry about going to the dentist might keep putting off their visits. But the best way is to keep your teeth healthy.
1. How does the writer explain that the pain isn't felt most of the time in dental surgeries?| A．By showing facts with numbers. | B．By asking questions one by one. |
| C．By giving examples group by group. | D．By comparing results of patients. |
| A．减轻 | B．引起 | C．显示 | D．阻止 |
| A．It produced some worry in the volunteers in the low-fear group. |
| B．For the low-fear group, it activated the brain area dealing with learning, feelings and memory. |
| C．For the high-fear group, it caused more activities in the brain area relative to auditory processing. |
| D．It made people in the high-fear group remember their past uncomfortable memories. |
| A．The researcher used machines to check volunteers’brain activities. |
| B．The sound of the drills is the same as other sounds for the low-fear group. |
| C．The sound of drilling has nothing to do with the feeling of pain. |
| D．Different brain areas were activated by the sound of drilling |
| A．How the study might be useful. | B．Some new ways to treat teeth. |
| C．The proper way to treat dental patients. | D．The importance of keeping our teeth healthy. |
10 . Critical thinking is the ability to think clearly and rationally（理性地） about what to believe or what to do. According to a report on the World Economic Forum (2016), critical thinking, creativity, and their practical application（应用）are widely accepted as the top three skills that young people need to have in their future career.
A good critical thinker usually takes the following steps before he decides what to do. Whenever he needs to do something, he would, first of all, reason. He checks why he needs to do it and whether he really needs to do it. Then, analyze（分析）. He tries to find out what it really is and the best way to do it. After that, evaluate. He makes sure whether he is able to do it and how to do it well. Finally, he makes the decision and takes action. Take the “Double 11” (a popular online shopping day in China) as an example. A few days before it, he checks carefully what he needs and whether he really needs them, and makes a shopping list. He goes to the online shops to compare the quality（质量） and the prices of the things that he is going to buy. He compares the shops that sell these things. Then he checks whether he can afford（买得起） them and in which shops he is going to buy them. Although it takes him some time to make the decisions, he would not regret（后悔）after the shopping.
Then what would happen if he didn’ t think critically before he made the decisions? After the crazy “Double 11”, there were usually a lot of complaints（抱怨）on the Internet. There were regrets about buying more things than they needed. There were complaints about the poor quality and the prices of the things they bought. There were also complaints because they received wrong things or simply received nothing. There were all kinds of regrets and complaints. Why so? They had not thought critically before they made the decisions.
Critical thinking helps you make wiser decisions. It helps you avoid wasting time, money and so on. Therefore, do look before you leap.
1. According to the passage, critical thinking is a thinking skill that ________.| A．helps make better choices | B．will appear in the future |
| C．helps make quick decisions | D．makes us spend more money |
| A．He checks what he needs to buy. | B．He makes a proper shopping list. |
| C．He studies the quality and the prices. | D．He checks how much money he has. |
| A．Darning did a new science experiment before reading the order. |
| B．Lingling’s parents became very angry when they knew her bad marks. |
| C．After looking at the other team’s weak points, the coach made a new plan. |
| D．After hearing the stranger’ s words, the girl followed him into a supermarket. |
