1 . 在直角坐标系xOy中,曲线C的参数方程为
(
为参数),以坐标原点为极点,
轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知直线
方程为![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9dd17b4736967352c35d399c5d414278.png)
(1)写出
的极坐标方程和曲线C的普通方程;
(2)点A为曲线C上一动点,点B为直线
上一动点,求
的最小值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/afd52c79a02a4d7ddfd0c73f5955db01.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c24095e409b025db711f14be783a406c.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9dd17b4736967352c35d399c5d414278.png)
(1)写出
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
(2)点A为曲线C上一动点,点B为直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f4dfec890cdfdda355e19463f3be813.png)
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解题方法
2 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,曲线C的参数方程为
(
为参数),以坐标原点O为极点,x轴的非负半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,直线l的极坐标方程是
.
(1)求曲线C的普通方程和直线l的直角坐标方程;
(2)已知
,设直线l和曲线C交于A,B两点,线段
的中点为Q,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5886e7f9cc237f27c89af94b6f28209a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/74c6b27701859b6e371884b2865dac45.png)
(1)求曲线C的普通方程和直线l的直角坐标方程;
(2)已知
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a297f399ee48fe07cd6aacc935a1c46.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f52a58fbaf4fea03567e88a9f0f6e37e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f82358b724051b032c7ec734a226ae84.png)
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2023-01-19更新
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6卷引用:江西省部分学校2023届高三上学期1月联考数学(文)试题
3 . 数学上有很多美丽的曲线令人赏心悦目,例如,极坐标方程
(
)表示的曲线为心形线,它对称优美,形状接近心目中的爱心图形.以极点
为原点,极轴为
轴的正半轴建立直角坐标系,直线
的参数方程为
(
为参数).
(1)求直线
的极坐标方程和心形线的直角坐标方程;
(2)已知点
的极坐标为
,若
为心形线上的点,直线
与心形线交于
,
两点(异于
点),求
的面积.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d9191bdc7baa6f742bbe485c3211e7d6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/94440d3e4c073f94f2b266ff99d50e74.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2146698d1532414b7db650702537d517.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36a1b09c653185842513e24ebba60bb3.png)
(1)求直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
(2)已知点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fab8a0cc6504aa4c3a38006f5394b4c2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/dad2a36927223bd70f426ba06aea4b45.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7a855335176fc36a15017f50a8561348.png)
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名校
4 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,以原点O为极点,x轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,已知曲线
.与曲线
相交于P,Q两点.
(1)写出曲线
的直角坐标方程,并求出
的取值范围;
(2)求
的取值范围.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1e7c760760707461b47f94c7ce047fd2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0ef710f508a67379997fcfe023a96796.png)
(1)写出曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1a4438bae1705c0f26beddf41322c087.png)
(2)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f98028327ccdd08aa8374f20257ff143.png)
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6卷引用:江西省萍乡市2023届高三上学期期末考试数学(理)试题
5 . 已知椭圆C:
(
)过点
且离心率为
,过点
作两条斜率之和为0的直线
,
,
交C于A,B两点,
交C于M,N两点.
(1)求椭圆C的方程;
(2)是否存在实数
使得
?若存在,请求出
的值,若不存在,说明理由.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1d7aea48c44781a844b5c19191f70f61.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5a0c4c098615c6bc7e6dcf72e5b5201a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/03efa0031095d2186f68e407859eb37d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f89eef3148f2d4d09379767b4af69132.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/9dbcf0320d94734aedd3d4e2e31b9827.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2e9b0f5f44abbc6544a2f672b025b013.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3f6f17bc385bafb37e8f964e5eb99cd0.png)
(1)求椭圆C的方程;
(2)是否存在实数
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/4d5e205ebc14feacf2aca9a358881e3f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/df64046e91b047037f19e4032e3b6de3.png)
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6 . 在平面直角坐标系
中,已知直线l的参数方程为
(t为参数),以坐标原点O为极点,x轴的正半轴为极轴,取相同的单位长度建立极坐标系,曲线C的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求直线l的普通方程和曲线C的直角坐标方程;
(2)设点
,直线l与曲线C的交点为A,B,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6095af4a137b2328ce22ba39565f30c4.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f121fe1d6e91a3f3b68b30b9c79c836.png)
(1)求直线l的普通方程和曲线C的直角坐标方程;
(2)设点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/d00d5d8cc31aaca7fc2eafb99eac7629.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7384b9afcef2d86a87eee0c66f383052.png)
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2卷引用:江西省赣州市2023届高三上学期1月期末考试数学(文)试题
7 . 在直角坐标系
中,直线
的参数方程为
(
为参数,
),以坐标原点为极点,
轴正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)求曲线
的直角坐标方程;
(2)设直线
与曲线
相交于
,
两点,若
,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5505657fa94c69bc276c9c46db81cda7.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/36a1b09c653185842513e24ebba60bb3.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/f91b71a777fddaa145f3510fbce3fe86.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/63583f6fe09700542caa018f2be06f17.png)
(1)求曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
(2)设直线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/0f85fca60a11e1af2bf50138d0e3fe62.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c5db41a1f31d6baee7c69990811edb9f.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/fc7cee517cd422af819893119af9da61.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
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5卷引用:江西省新余市2023届高三上学期期末质量检测数学(文)试题
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8 . 以等边三角形的每个顶点为圆心,以其边长为半径,在另两个顶点间作一段圆弧,三段圆弧围成的曲边三角形被称为勒洛三角形.如图,在极坐标系
中,曲边三角形
为勒洛三角形,且
.以极点O为直角坐标原点,极轴
为x轴正半轴建立平面直角坐标系
.
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/26/bf488cd2-35db-497a-870a-dd800c79cf0b.png?resizew=167)
(1)求
的极坐标方程;
(2)若曲线C的参数方程为
(t为参数),求曲线C与
交点的极坐标.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c3e5af20b2f8c1fba4470f9650989e51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/cd6c71a0da6a878a5b12bf8a8e784645.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/3015dd7ed92690f30c98a1c14b369725.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/c3e5af20b2f8c1fba4470f9650989e51.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://img.xkw.com/dksih/QBM/editorImg/2022/11/26/bf488cd2-35db-497a-870a-dd800c79cf0b.png?resizew=167)
(1)求
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/320c0f9263761963de27e41442a62a42.png)
(2)若曲线C的参数方程为
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/096e6af1112a02ff47b3ce7df59b644b.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/320c0f9263761963de27e41442a62a42.png)
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9卷引用:江西省五市九校协作体2023届高三上学期第一次联考数学(文)试题
江西省五市九校协作体2023届高三上学期第一次联考数学(文)试题江西省五市九校协作体2023届高三上学期第一次联考数学(理)试题四川省泸州市2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次教学质量诊断性考试数学(理)试题四川省泸州市2022-2023学年高三上学期第一次教学质量诊断性考试数学(文)试题四川省遂宁市第二中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期第五次模拟考试数学理科试题四川省遂宁市第二中学校2022-2023学年高三上学期第五次模拟考试数学文科试题(已下线)江西省五市九校协作体2023届高三第一次联考文科数学试题变式题21-23(已下线)安徽省江南十校2022届高三下学期3月一模理科数学试题变式题21-23(已下线)专题21坐标系与参数方程
9 . 在直角坐标系
中,曲线
的参数方程是
(
是参数).以原点O为极点,以x轴的正半轴为极轴,建立极坐标系,曲线
的极坐标方程是
.
(1)求曲线
的极坐标方程与曲线
的直角坐标方程;
(2)若
交x,y轴分别于点A、B,设P为曲线
上的动点,求
面积的最大值和最小值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e0ab277177ce8522db79c2b7afc81025.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/949cfc0c45bdc6d335ee308e0d8a2b4a.png)
(1)求曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
(2)若
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/2205cffebf8c4d5f81d15ed7b85c8936.png)
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10 . 在直角坐标系
中,曲线
的参数方程为
(
为参数),以坐标原点
为极点,
轴的正半轴为极轴建立极坐标系,曲线
的极坐标方程为
.
(1)写出曲线
的普通方程和曲线
的直角坐标方程;
(2)设点
的直角坐标为
,曲线
与曲线
相交于
,
两点,求
的值.
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7ee31829d0d4d5f779a957d7df8058ab.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/bf83c66e1c7a55766c4bbf9f32e6047d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/e170f206fdbbd834aad7580c727e2cc6.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/1dde8112e8eb968fd042418dd632759e.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/81dea63b8ce3e51adf66cf7b9982a248.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac0d6c660bc86349c9fb43db2abc6c42.png)
(1)写出曲线
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
(2)设点
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/ac047e91852b91af639feec23a9598b2.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/48befa5d90fafd8bfdb6c90fd241ebfb.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/b1241216f3c1cb5e73043dd1037f556d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/23f3ffe7abc59e2f65d827c8eab8d36a.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/5963abe8f421bd99a2aaa94831a951e9.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/7f9e8449aad35c5d840a3395ea86df6d.png)
![](https://staticzujuan.xkw.com/quesimg/Upload/formula/6e255cb6ef5a18b9e800397c55a81bf9.png)
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