One month ago, my friends persuaded me
On the day of the race, runners
1. 你喜欢的运动项目以及简单经历；
2. 你喜欢的主要原因；
3. 锻炼给你带来的好处。
注意：
1. 写作词数应为80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Tom,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
3 . The modern Olympics, which appeared in ancient Greece as many as 3,000 years ago, have become the world’s most important sporting competition. From the 8th century B. C. to the 4th century A. D., the the ancient Olympics were held every four years in Olympia in honor of the god Zeus. The first modern Olympics took place in 1896 in Athens, and featured 280 participants from 13 nations, competing in 43 events. Since 1994, the Summer and Winter Olympic Games have been held separately every two years. The 2020 Summer Olympics, delayed one year because of the COVID-19, was held in Japan in 2021.
The ancient Olympics were held every four years between August 6 and September 19 during a festival honoring Zeus. The Games were named for their location (位置) at Olympia, a place near the western coast in southern Greece. Their influence was so great that ancient historians began to measure time by the Olympic Games held every four years.
After the Roman Empire conquered (征服) Greece in the mid-2nd century B.C., the Games continued, but their standards and quality dropped. For example from 67 A. D., the Emperor Nero entered an Olympic horse race, announcing himself the winner even after he fell off his horse during the event. In 393 A. D., Emperor Theodosius Ⅰ ended the ancient Olympic tradition.
It was another 1,500 years before the Games rose again, largely thanks to the efforts of Baron Pierre de Coubertin (1863-1937) of France. Working hard at the development of physical education, the young man became inspired by the idea of creating a modern Olympic Games after visiting the ancient Olympic building. In November 1892, at a meeting of the Union des Sports Athlétiques in Paris, Coubertin suggested the idea of making the Olympics an international athletic competition held every four years. Two years later, he got the approval (批准) he needed to found the International Olympic Committee ( IOC ), which would become the governing body of the modern Olympic Games.
1. What do we know about the modern Olympics?| A．The modern Olympics became famous in the 18th century. |
| B．The first Winter Olympics was held in 1994. |
| C．The first modern Olympics dates back to 1896. |
| D．The latest Winter Olympics will delay for two years. |
| A．Every year. | B．Every other year. |
| C．Every three years. | D．Every four years. |
| A．In 393 A. D. | B．In 67 A. D. |
| C．In the mid-2nd century B. C. | D．About 1,500 years ago. |
| A．The ancient Olympics |
| B．The modern Olympics |
| C．The Olympics developed through years |
| D．The Olympics are popular in modern time |
4 . British anthropologists (人类学家) Russell Hill and Robert Barton of the University of Durham, after studying the results of one-on-one boxing, tae kwon do, Greco-Roman wrestling and freestyle wrestling matches at the Olympic Games, conclude that when two competitors are equally matched in fitness and skill, the athlete wearing red is more likely to win.
Hill and Barton report that when one competitor is much better than the other, colour has no effect on the result. However, when there is only a small difference between them, the effect of colour is enough tip the balance. The anthropologists say that the number of times red wins is not simply by chance, but that these results are statistically significant.
Joanna Setchell, a primate (灵长目动物) researcher at the University of Cambridge, has found similar results in nature. She studies the large African monkeys known as mandrills. Mandrills have bright red noses that stand out against their white faces. Setchell’s work shows that the powerful males — the ones who are more successful with females — have a brighter red nose than other males.
As well as the studies on primates by Setchell, another study shows the effect of red among birds. In an experiment, scientists put red plastic rings on the legs of male zebra finches and this increased the birds’ success with female zebra finches, Zebra finches already have bright red beaks (鸟喙), so this study suggests that, as with Olympic athletes, an extra flash of red is significant. In fact, researchers from the University of Glasgow say that the birds’ brightly coloured beaks are an indicator of health. Jonathan Blount, a biologist, and his colleagues think they have found proof that bright red or orange beaks attract females because they mean that the males are healthier. Nothing in nature is simple, however, because in species such as the blue footed booby, a completely different colour seems to give the male birds the same advantage with females.
Meanwhile, what about those athletes who win in their events while wearing red? Do their clothes give them an unintentional advantage? Robert Barton accepts that “that is the implication” of their findings. Is it time for sports authorities to consider new regulations on sports clothing?
1. According to their research. Hill and Barton conclude that ________.| A．the colour of clothing has an effect on most sport events |
| B．red should be the choice of colour for clothing in sports |
| C．red plays a role when competitors are equally capable |
| D．athletes perform better when surrounded by bright red |
| A．achieve | B．advance | C．keep | D．change |
| A．male birds use different body parts to draw attention |
| B．red is not the only colour to attract female birds |
| C．blue gives female birds the same advantage |
| D．blue can indicate how healthy a bird is |
| A．The colour red gives male animals the most advantage. |
| B．Male zebra finches prefer to have red plastic rings on their legs. |
| C．Rules on sports clothing are going to be changed. |
| D．Athletes wearing red may have an advantage over their opponents. |
5 . Until quarantine (隔离期) ends, we are left picturing what sport we might do: working out at the gym, playing on a competitive sports team, swimming, biking, or rock climbing. However, we don’t often think of martial arts as possible activities; instead, we rule it out because we think it’s dangerous, uncommon, and even, impossible. Martial arts aren’t considered a sport, right?
Well, here’s some good news: you’re wrong! Martial arts aren’t much more common than people think, and you can start learning at any age. Practicing martial arts is a great way to keep in shape, both physically and mentally. They’re much less boring and much less arduous sport than they’re usually described as in movies, so do not worry that they need a lot of effort.
Martial arts generally require you to focus on the position and movement of every one of your legs and arms, sometimes even your breathing too. Think about it: when you leave the gym, your mental state has improved and you are much calmer. This is because you’ve only paid attention to one activity. It is a great way to clear your head. And practicing it can help you learn to stay more focused, which is the greatest advantage of martial arts training.
Martial arts also improve your coordination (协调性), and greatly improve your posture (姿势). I have personally seen students go from slouching (没精打采) to walking tall with their shoulders back in just a couple of months.
There are many styles and countless kinds of martial arts. Whichever one you like better, know that all of them are good choices.
1. What can we know about martial arts from the first two paragraphs?| A．They often have people hurt. | B．They are difficult to practice. |
| C．People have a wrong view on it. | D．People practice them more often. |
| A．Interesting. | B．Difficult. | C．Friendly. | D．Exciting. |
| A．Adjusting the breath. | B．Enjoying one’s free time. |
| C．Correcting the movement. | D．Keeping one’s attention. |
| A．They are not sports. | B．They attracted many teenagers. |
| C．They are beneficial and helpful. | D．They were invented to protect others. |
6 . If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life, new research may come as a shock. According to a recent scientific study, people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.
Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1,000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate(暗示) that people who jog at a proper pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(动脉). Over time, this can cause serious injuries.
Peter Schnohr, a researcher in Copenhagen, said if your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy(预期寿命), jogging a few times a week at a proper pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary, and may be harmful.
Moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi, yoga and walking may be better for us than “iron man” events, triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis, Marott, another researcher involved in the study, “You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good influence on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much.”
1. What does the underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph 1 mean?| A．Regular. | B．Hard. | C．Practical. | D．Flexible. |
| A．To suggest giving up jogging. | B．To show risks of doing sports. |
| C．To provide supportive evidence. | D．To introduce the research process. |
| A．It may injure the heart and arteries. | B．It can make the body tired out. |
| C．It will bring much pressure. | D．It consumes too much energy. |
| A．No exercise at all is the best choice. | B．More exercise means a healthier life. |
| C．Marathons runners are least likely to die. | D．Proper exercise contributes to good health. |
1. 表示道歉；
2. 爽约的原因；
3. 补救措施。
注意：
1. 词数80左右；
2. 可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯；开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Peter,
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
8 . Reasons Why Running Is the Easiest Exercise
Some people think that running is hard. I once thought that too.
☆It can be as easy or hard as you want.
Many people start running by going out and running as fast as they can for as long as they can. That is not so fun.
☆
Classes at the gym are great but they always end up never working for me. With a busy life, I find it hard to attend a class. On the other hand, with running, you just need to find the time whenever you can, here and there, and change it around.
☆The gear (装备) is simple.
☆You can do it anywhere.
You can run in the city. You can run in the county. You can run on a track, in a park, on the steer even on the beach. You can run at home. You can run when you travel. And in fact, running around new cites when traveling is great fun.
| A．You can do it on your own schedule. |
| B．Choose some training classes at the gym. |
| C．It is important to have proper running shoes. |
| D．Sarin at a running track is a great way to begin |
| E．That is a wonderful way to get to know a place |
| F．It might make you hurt or even cause injuries |
| G．But if you work out properly, it is easy and wonderful. |
9 . Riding bikes should be fun, and in order to have the most fun out there, we rounded up the best beginner cycling tips to help you get rolling.
Experiencing pain in the front of, your knee? Your seat might be too low, causing you to under-extend during your pedal stroke. This is a common mistake among beginners because most people feel more comfortable and confident if their feet can reach the ground.
Get a bike fit
Avoid doing too much too soon
One of the biggest sources of injury comes from trying to take on too much mileage before you’re ready.
Learn how to ride in a group
Group rides have their own rules for a reason.
| A．Choose the right bike |
| B．Set your seat height right |
| C．Maybe you love riding non-competitively with a group |
| D．It’s easy to cause a crash if your riding isn’t predictable |
| E．Too short, and your knees will be too close to your arms |
| F．To get the right fit, two elements are key: seat height and reach |
| G．Build up slowly, ease in, and give your body time to adjust to new distances |
The wife-carrying World Championship has been celebrated in a small town in central Finland since 1992. In 1992, the people of the town decided to restart some long-forgotten traditions.
Alongside with the Wife-carrying World Championship, there is also a team competition. The distance is the same but three men in the team carry the wife in turns. At the exchange point the carrier has to drink official “wife-carrying drink.” Then he may continue the race.
While the Wife-carrying World Championship is being held, there are bands playing music, a wife carrying dance and other forms of entertainment.”
| A．There are a few basic rules. |
| B．People everywhere hold the event. |
| C．A special prize is awarded to the team. |
| D．Do you know how these traditions restarted? |
| E．This event is becoming increasingly popular. |
| F．The winner is the couple who complete the course in the shortest time. |
| G．Back in the late 1800s, there was a robber called Rosvo-Ronkainen in that area. |
