2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Up to 82 percent of children with healthy mothers are not easy to be obese (肥胖的), according to research. A mother,     1     has a healthy weight, exercises regularly, eats a healthy diet, doesn’t smoke and only drinks wine in moderation,     2     significantly less likely to have a fat child, scientists say.

And research suggests it could be more to do with nurture (养育)     3     nature, as a mother’s lifestyle appears     4    (direct) linked to the health of her child. When both mother and child follow a healthy lifestyle, the risk of obesity is reduced even more, the study of more than 24,000 children found.

The study examined the medical history and lifestyles of more than 24,000 children     5    nine to fourteen, born to almost 17,000 women in the US. Researchers looked at the link     6     overall mother health and likelihood of a child being obese. The mother’s health    7     (judge) on her height-to-weight ratio (比例), her diet, frequency of physical     8    (activity), smoking status and how     9     wine she drank.

A healthy weight and diet, regular exercise, no smoking and moderate drinking all reduce the chance of a woman having     10     obese child.

3 . Walking is the best form of exercise. It is good for the upper respiratory(与呼吸有关的)system and the legs. It helps us control our weight and blood sugar. Walking is also a good way to help you make more friends, bringing chances to see new things and meet new people. Personally I try to walk at least 5 miles daily.

As well as walking, I also cycle around Xiamen. Cycling is great for weight loss and helps to build stamina(耐力). However, cycling does not allow for the same level of social contact as a walk. It is for this reason that I would strongly suggest that you try long-distance walking if you want to be physically healthy. I originally(最初)started walking around Xiamen because I didn’t have a car, but I soon started to enjoy the walking for its own sake.

I have also made many friends during my walks. It’s not uncommon for my 5-mile walk to sometimes take as long as 2 or 3 hours,because I stop to chat with different shop owners along my route. These days, if I skip my walk for even one day, the people in the shops may want to know why I didn’t come.

I’ll never forget the first time some people followed me when I was walking, and asked if it was okay for them to walk with me. I really didn’t know what to say, so I just replied that I didn’t mind. I have been invited for lunch,dinner and sometimes just to sit and drink tea with total strangers. There is nothing more pleasant than walking past a schoolyard and hearing all the kids say hello to me.

1. Why did the author have to take a walk at the very beginning?

A．Because he wanted to build up his strength.

B．Because he enjoyed walking.

C．Because he had no car.

D．Because he wished to make friends.

2. What does the underlined word “skip” in paragraph three means ______.

A．Jump lightly	B．Give up
C．Leave out	D．Change quickly

3. Why did the author tell us his walking experience in the last two paragraphs?

A．To share the unforgettable experience with us.

B．To show us the meaning of walking in social contact.

C．To tell us how to develop the habit of walking.

D．To explain to us why a usual walk took him as long as 2 or 3 hours.

4 . Can exercise during childhood protect you against memory loss many years later? Exercise early in life seems to have lifelong benefits for the brain, in rats at least.

“This is an animal study, but it shows that physical activity at a young age is very important — not just for physical development, but for the whole lifelong track of cognitive development during ageing,” says Martin of the University of Toronto, Canada. “In humans, it may put off the appearance of Alzheimer’s symptoms, possibly to the point of preventing them.“

Martin’s team divided 80 young male rats into two equal groups, and placed running wheels in the cages of one group for a period of six weeks. Around four months later — when the rats had reached middle age — the team taught all the rats to connect an electric shock with being in a specific box. When placed in the box, they froze with fear.

Two weeks later, the team tested the rats in three situations: exactly the same box in the same room, the same box with the room arranged differently, and a completely different box in a different room.

The rats without access to a running wheel when they were young now froze the same percentage of times in each of these situations, suggesting they couldn’t remember which one was dangerous. But those that had been able to run in their youth froze 40 to 50 percent less in both changed box settings.

“The results suggest the amount of physical activity when we’re young, at least for rats, has influence on brain and cognitive health — in the form of better memories — when we’re older,” says Arthur Kramer of Northeastern University in Boston, who has found that, in humans, exercise improves the growth of new brain cells.

1. The study shows that______.

A．physical activity is important for physical health

B．using the running wheels is of benefit to the rats’ growth

C．physical activity can prevent human’s Alzheimer’s symptoms

D．exercise when young can prevent memory loss when older in rats

2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 2 refer to?

A．exercise

B．development

C．benefit

D．study

3. How are Paragraph 3 and 4 mainly developed?

A．By analyzing causes.	B．By giving an example.
C．By describing the process.	D．By showing differences.

4. What is the author’s attitude towards the animal study?

A．Surprised.

B．Objective (客观的).

C．Critical (批判性的).

D．Doubtful.

5 . Five tips for safe running

We all know that exercise is good for our health. But some kinds of exercise may be better than others. Running, for example, may help to protect against heart disease and other health problems.

Running is good exercise, but it can be hard on the body.     1    

Take it easy. Do not run too much, too soon or too fast. Most people get running injuries (受伤) when they push themselves too bad. The body needs time to get used to increase in distance or speed.     2    

Listen to your body. Most running injuries do not come unexpectedly (意外地).     3    

They may include body aches, sore muscles (肌肉) and pain that does not go away.

    4     There is no single best shoe for every runner. You should find the shoe that offers the best fit and support for your feet. More importantly, you should replace your shoes every 500 to 800 kilometers.

Take good notes. Take time after each run to write down what you did and how you felt. Look for patterns, things that happen over again. These notes will help you find the best exercise for you.

Cross train. As we said earlier, running is hard on your body. So physical fitness experts suggest some form of cross training to improve muscle balance and to help you stay injury free. They say, besides running, swimming, yoga, and riding a bicycle are good exercises.     5    

A．Get good running shoes.

B．Here are five ideas to reduce the risk of injury.

C．Muscles and joints (关节) need time to recover.

D．Running may also help you live longer

E．These exercises are easier on the body.

F．Usually, there are warning signs.

G．As advertisements for the running shoe Nike say, “just do it.”

6 . Sports can help you keep fit and get in touch with nature. However, whether you are on the mountains, in the waves, or on the grassland, you should be aware that your choice of sport might have great influence on the environment.

Some sports are resource-hungry. Golf, as you may know, eats up not only large areas of countryside, but also tons of water. Besides, all sorts of chemical and huge amounts of energy are used to keep its courses in good condition. This causes major environmental effects. For example, in the dry regions of Portugal and Spain, golf is often held responsible for serious water shortage in some local areas.

There are many environment-friendly sports. Power walking is one of them that you could take up today. You don’t need any special equipment except a good pair of shoes; and you don’t have to worry about resources and your purse. Simple and free, power walking can also keep you fit. If you walk regularly, it will be good for your heart and bones. Experts say that 20 minutes of power walking daily can make you feel less anxious, sleep well and have better weight control.

Whatever sport you take up, you can make it greener by using environment-friendly equipment and buying products made from recycled materials. But the final goal should be “green gyms”. They are better replacements for traditional health clubs and modern sports centers. Members of green gyms play sports outdoors, in the countryside or other open spaces. There is no special requirement for you to start your membership. And best of all, it’s free.

1. Which of the following does the author most probably like?

A．Doing yoga in a gym.	B．Playing table tennis in a sports center.
C．Driving a motorbike on the street.	D．Running around a lake.

2. How does the author prove his idea in the text?

A．By listing numbers.	B．By comparison.
C．By analyzing causes.	D．By quoting experts.

3. The author writes the passage to_____.

A．compare the two types of sports

B．teach us how to make sport greener

C．call on us to take up green sports

D．introduce different types of sports

8 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Wushu, widely     1     (know) as Chinese Kungfu, will make its debut(初次亮相) as an official sport at the Youth Olympic Games held in Dakar, Senegal in October, 2022. It is intended for those     2     love this kind of martial art deeply.

With a long history and deep roots in our traditions, Wushu unites the body and spirit. China wishes to share these qualities with the world. It is a long-held     3     (expect). The International Wushu Federation applied to the International Olympic Games (IOC) in 2001, 2008 and 2011,     4     failed each time.

In the past few years, Chinese Wushu Association     5     (contribute) a lot to the promotion of Wushu. Besides, the government not only provides technical support,     6     (regular) sending experts to the International Wushu Federation, but also provides     7     large amount of Wushu equipment free of charge. Every year, many local groups are sent abroad to put on performances and shows, whose aim is     8     (improve) the influence of Wushu. Due to their efforts, Wushu has been viewed as an     9     (effect) way to strengthen the body, and has gained a great popularity among the youths.

China’s effort to get Wushu recognized as an official Olympic event speeds up its internationalization. In 2020, a total of 48     10     (athlete) from across the world will compete in four Wushu events: men’s and women’s Changquan and men’s and women’s Taijiquan.