1 . With innovative (创新的) ideas, 10 teams of student groups competed at UR’s Hult Prize competition on Nov. 3 to skip the selection process for the regional competition. “If you ever had a crazy idea, now it is time to explore it.” senior and Hult Prize competitor Sharfuz Shifat said. The Hult Prize is an international competition where undergraduate and graduate students alike compete to win a $ 1 million prize to start a company based on their ideas.
For many competitors, this competition is an outlet for innovative ideas that can speed up change in the world. “I believe in social entrepreneurship and the power of business to create social change,” said senior Shelly Chen from Team Boodana.
In addition to wanting to make a lasting social effect, some competitors have personal connections to their ideas and a strong motivation to bring them to reality. “We’re enthusiastic about this because it comes from our life,” sophomore Cherine Ghazouani and Team Forty-Two member said. “We’re trying to make our family’s, our country’s and our people’s lives better.”
After the event, the award ceremony announced the winner: the first and second runner-ups as Team BestBeing, Team Forty-Two and Team Boodana, respectively. Although the ruling ideas of the winners were mainly meant to provide jobs for unemployed youth, many of the proposed solutions also handled other problems in today’s society. Team Forty-Two worked on re-inventing the impractical tutoring system in Mediterranean countries;Team BestBeing aimed to provide a solution for the lack of availability of mental health services all over the world.
“Usually some of the most simple and practical solutions are the ones that are the most beautiful and effective,” judge Anna Schreyer said. “The challenge is being able to look at things in a completely new way that’s very simple. Try to step out of the box of how we do things and how we think about things.”
1. What is the purpose of the UR’s Hult Prize competition?| A．Not to let go of innovative ideas. |
| B．To award the most hardworking students. |
| C．Not to be crazy about changing the reality. |
| D．To stress the importance of regional competition. |
| A．A graduate degree. | B．A job in a company. |
| C．A position in UR’s Hult Prize. | D．A starting fund of a company. |
| A．The impractical tutoring system. | B．A solution to mental health. |
| C．Youth unemployment. | D．The way of innovative thinking. |
| A．Effective and old. | B．Simple and practical. |
| C．Long-lasting and simple. | D．Changeable and practical. |
2 . By the 1970s, the Olympic Marathon had come a long way from the dusty roads of Athens. Yet women were still not allowed to compete and the struggle to establish a women’s Olympic Marathon was itself something of a long-distance race.
Women had been excluded from long-distance running until 1928, when the typical long race was the 800 meters. The women competitors hadn’t properly prepared for the race and several fell down and became temporarily unconscious due to extreme tiredness. This led Olympic organizers in 1928 to consider the marathon too violent for women.
This is not to say there was no tradition of women’s long-distance running. Women had been prohibited from participating in the ancient Olympics by the cruel law. But women in ancient Greece held their own festival to honor the goddess Hera every five years. Only one athletic event was held — a running race.
When the Olympics were revived in 1896, women were again excluded. However, in 1967, women’s ability in running attracted great attention. Number 261 in the Boston Marathon was given to K V. Switzer. Not until two miles into the race did officials realize that Switzer was a woman. Race officials tried to catch Switzer and remove her from the race but her teammates fended them off with body blocks. And Switzer wasn’t scared by officials’ aggressive actions. She kept running. Although the running was demanding, Switzer didn’t give up and eventually finished the race. Switzers story made the quest for equality in long-distance running for women a political issue. Slowly, the rules did begin to change.
The first women’s marathon officially agreed by the IAAF was the Tokyo International, held in 1979. IAAF president Adriaan Paulen watched the race. He was so impressed by the level of the competition that he announced he would fully support the effort to establish a women’s marathon in the Olympics. Soon the IAAF recommended to the IOC that a women’s marathon be included in the 1984 Los Angeles Olympics. And the advice was adopted.
1. What was the reason for women’s failing to attend the Olympic Marathon in 1928?| A．They generally weren’t enthusiastic about it. |
| B．They were thought not strong enough for it. |
| C．They weren’t supported by the public to attend it. |
| D．They were too tired to make full preparations for it. |
| A．separated | B．banned | C．freed | D．protected |
| A．Brave and determined. | B．Talented and kind. |
| C．Honest and easygoing. | D．Optimistic and clever. |
| A．Letting women have the right to compete against men in running. |
| B．Making a series of rules for women’s running. |
| C．Having trained many outstanding women runners. |
| D．Helping women be qualified for the Olympic Marathon. |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下划一横线，并在该词下面写出修改的词。
注意：1. 每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2. 只允许修改 10 处，多者(从第 11 处起)不计分。
Plogging, that is a new way to exercise, is becoming popular with runner worldwide. Many of them are posting photos of themselves and friends hold bags of litter on social media. A Swedish man called Erik start the movement. He became terrible worried about the amount of litter on the road but decided not to go to work by bike any more. Instead, he began to run to work and pick them up at the same time. To his happy, more and more people joined in him and soon plogging became popular. Many people choose plogging because they think plogging not just benefits earth; it is also a good way to exercise.
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧ )，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\ )划掉。
修改:在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Growing up in Jamaica, Luis didn't know about basketball until he arrived in the US at the age of twelfth. At his new school in the new country, he showed no interest in play basketball at all. One day, he met the boy named Tom at his school, but soon they became good friends. Tom was fond of playing basketball and ask Luis to do that with him. At first Luis wasn't interesting. But he finally decided to give it a try after he watched Tom to play several time. As soon as he started playing, he found it was actually fun. Now he plays the sport regular.
5 . At the first Olympic marathon in 1896, athletes ran a shorter course than today's 42.2-kilometer event. Even so, only the winner finished within three hours. However, runners have improved, and one expert predicted last year that the two-hour mark would be broken in 2028.
On Oct 12, Eliud Kipchoge came in ahead of schedule – literally. The 34-year-old Olympic champion from Kenya became the first person to run a marathon in less than two hours. Clocking in at 1:59:40, Kipchoge pumped his chest and even sped up after crossing the finish line as he ran happily to his wife. ''No one is limited. This shows the positivity of sport, '' Kipchoge told the BBC after the race in Vienna, Austria. ''Together when we run, we can make it a beautiful world. ''
Apart from Kipchoge's strong willpower and outstanding physical condition, a few tricks of science and technology helped him reach this milestone in human athletic achievement.
Hills and turns slow runners down, so Kipchoge's team picked the course in Vienna for its gentle curves (弯曲度).
The city's cool and dry weather was also important, said Wired. The magazine talked to exercise physiologists, who think the weather helped keep Kipchoge's body running more efficiently throughout the race.
A special pair of shoes also played a big part. According to The New York Times, the shoes Kipchoge wore were designed to give a significant edge (优势) to anyone wearing them in a race.
One other key to this breakthrough was Kipchoge's pacing strategy. He ran with a dream team of pacers, deployed by sports scientists. Five runners formed a V-shape ahead of Kipchoge, reducing drag (阻力), and two runners followed directly behind to push him forward. Kipchoge stayed in the center of the formation. The team rotated (轮换) members every five kilometers, and he stayed under a two-hour pace for almost the entire length of the race. There was also a pace car driving 15 meters in front of everyone, casting a laser (激光) line on the road to keep them on track.
''Few world records today are technology free, '' noted The Telegraph. Hard work and dedication are still the core (核心) of athletic achievement, but science and technology are helping modern athletes maximize their potential.
1. Which of the following statements is true according to the first two paragraphs?| A．42.2-kilometer marathon first started in 1896. |
| B．Eliud Kipchoge is predicted to break the record in 2028. |
| C．Eliud Kipchoge won the Olympic champion at 1:59:40. |
| D．Eliud Kipchoge from Kenya set a new marathon record in less than two hour. |
| A．His strong willpower | B．Physiologists' talk |
| C．His extraordinary physical condition | D．Special running shoes |
| A．follow | B．monitor |
| C．arrange | D．motivate |
| A．Running into record books. |
| B．How to maximize one's athletic potential. |
| C．Few world record today are technology free. |
| D．Eliud Kipchoge's outstanding sports achievements. |
Cuju was developed in China around 500 B. C. and was played with a leather ball. It is considered by FIFA as the
Cuju was further developed
Cuju was most developed during the Song Dynasty because of the social and economic development. At that time,
Bodysurfing is related to riding on a wave with no help from aid tools such as a surfboard. That’s why it is called the “purest” form of surfing. In fact, it is one of very few extreme sports—free climbing and cliff diving are. others—that can be practiced using nothing but the human body.
How do you do it?
To catch a wave, swim to where the waves break and, as one approaches, start swimming towards the beach. You must try to travel at the same speed as the wave and, if you do it correctly, you will feel the wave lifting you and pushing you forwards. Then try and cut along the surface of the wave.
What do you need?
It is more enjoyable and safer if you use flippers (large flat rubber shoes). This is because they enable you to swim faster and surf along them more easily. A wetsuit is also advisable. Another aid is a handboard, a mini-surf board about the size of an iron, held in one hand to speed up along the wave. If you are lucky enough to be surfing in warm water, make sure you have your boardshorts at the ready.
Unofficial world championship
Bodysurfing is not a professional sport, but in Hawaii there is such a festival called the Pipeline Bodysurfing Classic each year. Local bodysurfers compete against athletes from places such as Australia, Brazil, Japan or France. Famous bodyboarder Mike Stewart has won the event no fewer than 12 times, and Kelly Slater, the greatest surfer in history, has also competed.
1. How does a bodysurfer surf while in the sea?| A．Only using the human body. | B．Only relying on a surfboard. |
| C．Only following a wave. | D．Only swimming along the beach. |
| A．Flippers and a wetsuit. | B．A wetsuit and a handboard. |
| C．A handboard and boardshorts. | D．A handboard and Flippers. |
| A．It is for local bodysurfers. | B．It is held annually in Hawaii. |
| C．All famous bodysurfers favor it. | D．Mike Stewart attends it every year. |
