1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The 2023 Pulitzer Prize (普利策奖)    1    (compete) for Books is now open, and    2    (include) a new category for a distinguished memoir (回忆录) or autobiography by an American author.

The Pulitzer Prizes for books are awarded    3    works in Fiction, U.S. History, Biography, Memoir or Autobiography, Poetry and Nonfiction.

    4     (previous), memoirs and autobiographies    5    (judge) in the Biography category. Many have been finalists in the category    6    have won the Prize.

“Memoirs and autobiographies are flourishing,” said Marjorie Miller, Administrator of the Prizes. “    7    the Pulitzer Prize Board considering them alongside biographies and other nonfiction for years, they felt it was time for each genre (体裁)    8    (have) its own prize category.”

The new Pulitzer Prize category will be for a distinguished and factual memoir or autobiography by an American author.

First awarded in 1917, Biography is one of the    9    (origin) Pulitzer Prize categories. It will now be awarded for a distinguished and appropriately documented biography by an American author.

This year, the criteria for entry in all categories remain the same: To be eligible,    10    (book) must be first published in the United States during calendar year 2022, and authors in all categories except US. History must be American citizens.

2 . Young Writers Awards

About the Contest

Bennington College has a unique literary tradition. We’ve had twelve Pulitzer Prize winners, three US poet laureates, four MacArthur Geniuses, and two of Time magazine’s 100 most influential people. In celebration of this, Bennington launched the Young Writers Awards to promote excellence in writing at the high school level. Students are invited to enter with the following work:

•Poetry: A group of three poems

•Fiction: A short story (1,500 words or fewer) or one-act play

•Nonfiction: A personal or academic essay (1,500 words or fewer)

A first-, second-, and third-place winner is selected in each category. We welcome participation of both US and international students.

Awards & Rules

First-place winners in each category are awarded a prize of $1,000; second-place winners receive $500; third-place winners receive $250.

•No charge for entrance. Fees for accidents caused by participants are required.

•All entries must be original work reviewed, approved and guided by a teacher. We will use your teacher as a contact for the competition should we have any questions. For homeschooled students, please contact one to assist in your writing even if you have experience in such competitions.

Young Writers Awards finalists and winners are also qualified for undergraduate scholarships at Bennington. Young Writers Awards finalists who apply and gain admission to Bennington will receive a $10,000 scholarship every year for four years, for a total of $40,000. Young Writers Awards winners reaching the standard will receive $15,000 every year, for a total of $60,000.

1. What can be learned about the Young Writers Awards?

A．It rewards three winners at last.

B．It’s a tradition of Bennington College.

C．It accepts participants worldwide.

D．It offers scholarships to undergraduates.

2. What are the participants asked to do?

A．Hand in a personal essay.	B．Have related writing experience.
C．Pay an entry fee on time.	D．Find a teacher to help with the entry.

3. How much will the second-place winner to be admitted into Bennington gain in total?

A．$10,500.	B．$15,500.
C．$40,500.	D．$60,500.

3 . Competitive video gaming, known as e-sports, should be included in the Olympic Games, the creator of World of Warcraft has told the BBC.

Rob Pardo, who until July, 2014 was chief creative officer at Blizzard Entertainment, a famous game company, said that “sport” now had a broad definition. “Video games are well positioned to be a spectator sport (观赏性体育运动).“ he told Afternoon Edition on BBC S Live.

Professional e-sports events currently attract audiences of millions. A recent major final held in Seoul, South Korea, filled a stadium of 40,000 people, with many more watching online around the world.

”There’s a very good argument for e-sports being in the Olympics,“ said Mr. Pardo, who was also lead designer on Starcraft: Brood War, a game often credited with promoting the e-sports phenomenon.

”I think the way that you look at e-sports is that it is a very competitive skill and you look at these professional gamers and the reflexes are lightning quick and they’re having to make very quick decisions on the fly.

“When you look at their ‘actions per minute’, they’re clearing over 300.”

However, he admitted that video gaming faced a cultural battle to win over those who followed more physical sports.

“That starts getting into how you define sport,” he said. “If you want to define sport as something that takes a lot of physical exertion (用力气), then it’s hard to argue that video games should be a sport, but at the same time, when I’m looking at things that are already in the Olympics, I start questioning the definition.”

Having new sports admitted into the Olympic is a long-winded process and, since the International Olympic Committee (IOC) limited the number of sports allowed in the Games, has become increasingly difficult.

Even if e-sports were to be recognized as an Olympic sport, that doesn’t mean they would be included in the Games — it merely means a case can be presented to the IOC.

1. Which of the following is TRUE about Rob Pardo?

A．He works for BBC now.

B．He held the e-sports final in Seoul.

C．He was in charge of the game Starcraft: Brood War.

D．He is the chief creative officer at Blizzard Entertainment now.

2. What does the underlined word “reflexes” mean in paragraph 5?

A．reaction

B．challenge

C．creation

D．ability

3. The professional e-sports gamers’ ability to respond is thought to be ________.

A．very slow	B．very quick
C．as quick as ordinary people	D．as quick as other sports players

4. Where does this text probably come from?

A．A travel brochure.	B．An advertisement.
C．A textbook.	D．A news report.

4 . The Importance of Getting Kids to Be Active

Everyone knows that kids should be physically active and need to exercise regularly to be physically fit.     1    , regular physical activity is considered by most experts to be an important part of a healthy lifestyle. However, that doesn’t mean every child needs to spend four or five hours a day exercising.

How Much Exercise Do Kids Need?

It is recommended that kids should be physically active for at least 60 minutes per day.     2    . For example, if your eight-year-old played soccer for 20 minutes during PE at school and then played basketball with his friends for 40 minutes after school, he would meet the recommendation of 60 minutes of physical activity for that day.

Exercise and Calories

    3    . It can help them build self-respect, sleep better, have more energy, and reduce depression. And as most people know, along with a healthy diet, regular exercise is the best way to lose weight and prevent childhood obesity (肥胖). Since your child is not likely to get his exercise using exercise equipment, it can be hard to always tell how many calories he is burning while exercising.     4    , as long as your child is getting his 60 minutes or more of physical activity each day and maintaining a healthy diet.

Youth Exercise and Fitness

Remember that kids, even teens, don’t usually stick with exercise programs.     5    . Instead, kids do better with lifestyle exercise programs, such as active free play and organized team sports.

A．Fortunately, it doesn’t matter

B．Regular exercise is good for kids

C．So they will be able to burn even more calories

D．That’s why you don’t see many kids in health clubs

E．Whether they are overweight or at a healthy weight

F．If your child is very active and is still gaining weight

G．But that doesn’t have to be 60 minutes of continuous activity

5 . The benefits of regular exercise are well documented but there’s a new bonus to add to the ever-growing list. New researchers found that middle-aged women who were physically fit could be nearly 90 percent less likely to develop dementia in later life, and as they did, it came on a decade later than less sporty women.

Lead researcher Dr. Helena Horder, of the University of Gothenburg in Sweden, said : "These findings are exciting because it’s possible that improving people's cardiovascular （心血管的）fitness in middle age could delay or even prevent them from developing dementia. "

For the study, 191 women with an average age of 50 took a bicycle exercise test until they were exhausted to measure their peak （最大值的） cardiovascular capacity. The average peak workload was measured at 103 watts.

A total of 40 women met the criteria for a high fitness level, or 120 watts or higher. A total of 92 women were in the medium fitness category; and 59 women were in the low fitness category, defined as a peak workload of 80 watts or less, or having their exercise tests stopped because of high blood pressure, chest pain or other cardiovascular problems.

These women were then tested for dementia six times over the following four decades. During that time, 44 of the women developed dementia. Five percent of the highly fit women developed dementia, compared to 25 percent of the women with medium fitness and 32 percent of the women with low fitness.

"However, this study does not show cause and effect between cardiovascular fitness and dementia, it only shows an association. More research is needed to see if improved fitness could have a positive effect on the risk of dementia and also to look at when during a lifetime a high fitness level is most important. " She also admitted that a relatively small number of women were studied, all of whom were form Sweden, so the results might not be applicable to other groups.

1. What is on the ever-growing list mentioned in the first paragraph?

A．Positive effects of doing exercises.

B．Exercises suitable for the middle-aged.

C．Experimental studies on diseases.

D．Advantages of sporty woman over man

2. Why did the researchers ask the women to do bicycle exercise?

A．To predict their maximum heart rate.

B．To assess their cardiovascular capacity

C．To change their habits of working out

D．To detect their potential health problems

3. What do we know about Dr Horder's study?

A．It aimed to find a cure for dementia.

B．Data collection was a lengthy process.

C．Some participants withdrew from it.

D．The results were far from satisfactory.

4. Which of the following is the best title for the text?

A．More Women Are Exercising to Prevent Dementia

B．Middle-Aged Women Need to Do More Exercise

C．Fit Women Are Less Likely to Develop Dementia

D．Biking Improves Women's Cardiovascular Fitness

6 . A new study has found that braving the cold maybe a good way to help burn off some fat.

The research was carried out by scientists at Canada’s Laurentian University and focused on high-intensity interval training(HIIT). This format has grown in popularity of late due to the fat-burning benefits it brings, and the team set out to explore how temperature might influence its effects.

The study involved 11 overweight adults who took part in two HIIT sessions a week apart. One of these was carried out in a “thermoneutral” environment with temperatures of around 70 °F(21℃),and the other at a cold 32 °F(0℃). The sessions consisted of 10 separate cycling race at 90 percent effort lasting one minute, followed by 90-second “recovery” periods of cycling at30 percent intensity.

After each session, the participants cooled down by gently cycling or walking, ate a nutrition bar before going to sleep and enjoyed a high-fat breakfast the morning after. During these sessions, the scientists monitored skin temperature, core body temperature, heart rate and the amount of oxygen. Blood samples were also drawn to help calculate fat burning rates following the breakfast the next day.

“The present study found that high-intensity exercise in the cold increased lipid oxidation (脂质氧化) by 358 percent in comparison to high-intensity exercise in a thermoneutral environment,”the team writes.

The authors also note that the idea that cold temperatures help us burn more fat during exercise will need further investigation (调查), though the first-of-a-kind study does indicate it’s a possibility worth pursuing.

1. What is good for burning off fat according to the study?

A．Cold food.	B．Low temperature.
C．Hard workout.	D．Cycling race.

2. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?

A．Introduction to the study.

B．Some data in the study.

C．The participants in the study.

D．The process of the study.

3. What can we learn from the last paragraph?

A．Further study needs to be done.

B．Doing exercise burns more fat.

C．The efforts of scientists are in vain.

D．The study result is unreasonable.

4. What of the following could be the best title for the text?

A．High-intensity Workouts Help Burn off Extra Calories

B．Cycling in the Cold Is a Great Way to Build upYour Body

C．Study Shows Fat-burning Potential of Exercising in the Cold

D．Researchers Have Found More Fat-burning Workouts

7 . A lot of teenagers in middle school want to do more sports.     1    . But some students don't really know the benefits of doing sports. Here are some reasons for doing sports.

Watching TV and playing video games are becoming more and more popular among teenagers.     2    . But getting teenagers to take part in a sport gives them an opportunity to go out and socialize with others.     3    . What's more，they will learn how to work with others and get along with others harmoniously.

One of the biggest problems in our society today is obesity，and it's not just a problem with adults. More and more kids are becoming overweight.     4    .

Encouraging teenagers to do more sports also benefits parents. It is a great way for parents to show they love their kids.     5    . This is a great way for parents to spend time with their teenagers and talk to them.

Doing sports is a great way for teenagers to get out of the house，get moving，make friends and keep healthy. So why not join in and get into sports today？

A．They may find new friends in this way

B．Doing sports helps teenagers grow faster

C．They prefer to stay at home rather than go out

D．Joining in a team sport will help teenagers get some exercise without feeling pressured to lose weight

E．Teenagers want to be stronger through doing sports

F．Parents can play with them and help them practice sports

G．Many do it because they think it will make them become more popular