1 . Recently, science has been uncovering a link between walking and a lower risk of dementia (痴呆), proving that walking is even good for your brain.     1     Maybe you already love to walk, but you’re getting tired of following your same old route day after day—or maybe you’re new to walking and aren’t sure how to get started. Either way, it’s time to embrace the idea of walking with a purpose.

To get started, sit down with a map and make a plan. Ask yourself, what do you want to get out of walking aside from the health benefits? Do you want to meet other people? See new places? Get out into the wilderness or explore a city?     2    

Making friends and socializing is your goal.     3     Ask your friends where they like to walk and go there, since this will introduce you to new places. Look up your local malls which have groups that come every day, or every weekend, to “walk the mall”. These groups are always happy to include one more walker!

    4     Ask about local hikes that get you out of town and into the wilderness or countryside. Folks who are touring in an RV or car can stop to ask about scenic spots that will get them off the beaten path.

Headed to a new city?     5     Many of our great historic cities offer detailed and well-planned walking tours. You can follow the famous painted red band through Boston’s historic landmarks or walk your way through the sites of Washington, D.C. and Philadelphia.

From the benefits, walking is just plain good for you. Pick up a map and start walking.

A．It’s kind to our bodies and great for our waistlines.

B．Getting away from the crowds is what you’re after.

C．Prepare to get to know the new place from the ground up!

D．It’s also a fantastic way to get fit and to stay in great shape.

E．Call up your friends and schedule walks with them.

F．Nearly any city you can think of offers convenient transportation.

G．Knowing your priorities will help you decide on the type of walk you want to do.

7 . For those who can stomach it, working out before breakfast may be more beneficial for health than eating first, according to a study of meal timing and physical activity.

What could be learned from the research?

A．A workout after breakfast improves gene performances.

B．Too much workout often slows metabolic rates.

C．Lifestyle is not as important as morning exercise.

D．Physical exercise before breakfast is better for health.

8 . When people look at mountains, they often feel a desire to climb to the top. People realize the great rewards that mountains will give them if they reach the top.     1    . It’s little wonder, therefore, that climbing mountains is such a popular activity.

Casual mountain climbing is an excellent form of exercise. People enjoy the fresh air and natural scenery on these climbs. As they get higher, the views across valley plains and forests get longer.     2     these hikes can be exhausting and even the fittest people will breathe heavier and have to take rests.

At the next level of mountain climbing, people require handrails（扶手）to get up the mountain. The path is very narrow or too steep in some places to walk up.     3    . climbers must be physically fit and maintain good concentration. When climbing q mountain with any danger, climbers should be with at least one other person.

    4    . For example, in a group of three climbers, all should be attached to the same rope. The rope will be needed as a support when there are no rails---or rocks to hold. The best and most experienced climber should go first and must go slow when the others feel uncomfortable.

The top level of mountain climbing is a very serious activity. At this stage, climbers go vertically（垂直地）up a rock face. This is very dangerous and should only be done when the climber has many years of experience. Climbers who climb this way need iron spikes（大钉）to be hammered into splits in the rock wall. At the end of the iron spikes, there are hooks that can be attached to ropes.     5    .

A．If you’ re a good vertical mountain climber

B．Even though the paths might be easy to follow

C．Since climbing a mountain this way can be dangerous

D．Safety is most important in any form of mountain climbing

E．They include a personal sense of achievement and a wonderful view

F．The third level of mountain climbing involves using ropes with other climbers

G．Other hooks are also needed to attach the climbers to the rope and to each other

10 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

Regular exercise can reduce a woman’s risk of cancer, but the benefits may slip away if she gets too little sleep, U.S. researchers said on Monday. The study involving 5,968 women in Maryland confirmed previous findings that people who do regular physical activity are less likely to develop cancer.

But when the researchers looked at the women ages 18 to 65 who were in the upper half in terms of the amount of physical exercise they got per week, they found that sleep appeared to play an important role in cancer risk.   

Those who slept less than seven hours nightly had a 47 percent higher risk of cancer than those who got more sleep among the physically active women, the researchers reported at a meeting of the American Association for Cancer Research.

“We think it’s quite interesting and intriguing. It’s kind of a first look into this. It isn’t something that has been widely studied,” James McClain of the National Cancer Institute, part of the U.S. government’s National Institutes of Health, said in a telephone interview.

McClain, who led the study, said it is unclear exactly how getting too little sleep may make one more susceptible（易受感染的） to cancer. “Getting adequate sleep has been long associated with health,” McClain said.   

The U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention calls sleep loss an under-recognized public health problem, saying Americans are getting less and less slumber. The CDCP said the percentage of adults reporting sleeping six hours or less a night increased from 1985 to 2006.   Sleep experts say chronic sleep loss is associated with obesity, diabetes, high blood pressure,   stroke, cardiovascular disease, depression, cigarette smoking and excessive drinking.

In addition, research had shown that people who get regular exercise have a reduced risk of breast, colon and other types of cancer. Experts think the effects of exercise on the body’s hormone levels, immune function and body weight may play an important role.

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