1 . Opening Notice for the National Museum of China (NMC)

Admission:

NMC is open from Tuesday to Sunday,9:00-17:30(no entry after 16:30), and is closed on Mondays(except for public holidays). All visitors are required to book online 1-7 days in advance via the NMC official website or WeChat platform.

Audio Guide Rental:

Audio guide devices are available at the West Hall Service Desk for RMB40, with a RMB100 deposit. A valid ID is necessary. Damage to an audio guide causes a fee based on the level of damage. Lost devices are subject to payment of the full purchase cost.

Facilities:

Wheelchairs and strollers are available for free use on the day of visit at the Service Desk. A valid ID card and a deposit of RMB500 are required.

Photo Policy:

Photography is allowed in the NMC collection exhibitions without using flash, selfie sticks, or tripods. Temporary exhibits may have specific photo policies, indicated by clear signs put up at both the entrance and the corresponding exhibit halls.

Transportation:

Bus Route:

You can take the No.1, No.2, No.52, No.82, No.120 buses, or Sightseeing Line 2, Tourist Bus Line 1 and Line 2 and get off at Tian’an men East Station.

Metro:

You can take Metro Line 1, get off at Tian’anmen East Station, and exit the station through Exit C.

1. What happens if a rented audio guide device is damaged?

A．An additional fee of RMB40 is charged.	B．The visitor is excused from any charges.
C．Its full price is charged regardless of the damage.	D．Compensation is based on the extent of the damage.

2. What can you do during your visit to NMC?

A．Borrow a wheelchair with a deposit of $500.

B．Use a stroller provided by the museum for free.

C．Take photos with flashlight, selfie stick or tripod.

D．Take pictures of the collections on all exhibitions.

3. Which of the following can take you to NMC?

A．The No.82 Bus.	B．Sightseeing Line 1.
C．Tourist Bus Line 52．	D．Metro Line 2.

2 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

In the mid-19th century, the world     1     (destroy) by cholera, a disease that killed thousands. In London, the epidemic (流行病) was particularly severe, with bodies piling up and fear running wild. In this chaos, a man name d John Snow rose     2       (challenge) the invisible enemy.

John Snow,     3     medical doctor, had a keen interest in finding the source of cholera. He was not convinced by the then-common belief       4     cholera was spread through bad air. His suspicions were aroused     5     he noticed that most cases were concentrated around a single water pump in Soho. He investigated deeper, mapping the pumps and     6       (associate) them with cholera cases.

With detailed observation and courageous experimentation, John Snow identified the polluted water     7     the “criminal” behind the epidemic. He convinced authorities to remove the handle of the pump,     8     (effective) stopping the spread of cholera. His actions saved     9       (count) lives and marked a significant turning point in public health history.

John Snow’s lasting impact serves as a     10     (remind) of the strength of observation, logical reasoning, and decisive action in the face of challenges.

3 . When Mark Anthony Gonzales saw a police officer in need of assistance, every element of the moral code installed in him through his Brazilian jiu-jitsu (巴西柔术) training — morality, courage, benevolence (仁爱) — told him to stop his car and lend a hand, even though his wife, Rachel Ortiz, and his four kids were in the car.

The suspect, a balding man of medium build, was running from a police officer in San Antonio, Texas. Gonzales slowed down. So did the man being chased — to avoid running into Gonzales’s minivan. That hesitation allowed the officer to catch up and take the suspect to the ground. But Gonzales quickly realized that the officer did not have control of the situation with the suspect struggling fiercely.

Gonzales put his vehicle in park and jumped out, as did Ortiz. The first thing Gonzales did was identify himself and spell out his intention to make it two-on-one in the officer’s favor and not the other way around.

Then, with the man on his back and the officer struggling to control the man’s upper body, Gonzales put his weight on the man’s legs. Seconds later, when the suspect rolled onto his stomach, Gonzales used techniques he’d learned in the gym: digging his knee into the suspect’s el bow and pulling the suspect’s head toward him to maintain control from the side. He then applied an underhook — a jiu-jitsu move where the hands are placed under the opponent’s arm to control the shoulder and upper body — and tugged until, after a few seconds, the suspect’s shoulder gave out. The officer clicked on the handcuffs and the threat was over.

Gonzales had asked his wife to record everything to protect him just in case anything was called into question. But Ortiz posted the video on Facebook, where it attracted over 56 million views.

Among those awed by the video was Brazilian jiu-jitsu instructor Rener Gracie, a fourth-degree black belt, who stated: “The combination of Gonzales’s technique and his calm communication with both the officer and suspect is the stuff of legends!”

1. Why did Gonzales stop his car?

A．To protect his family.	B．To uphold justice.
C．To show his courage.	D．To perform jiu-jitsu.

2. What did Gonzales do first when he came to the officer?

A．He joined in the two-on-one fight.	B．He persuaded the suspect to give in.
C．He warned the policeman of danger.	D．He declared his identity and intention.

3. Why did Gonzales ask Ortiz to shoot the video?

A．To record his heroic deeds.	B．To avoid getting in trouble.
C．To attract views on Facebook.	D．To expose the suspect’s behavior.

4. What’s the best title of the article?

A．Jiu-jitsu Makes A Legend	B．A Victory Of Two-on-one
C．Lending A Well-Trained Hand	D．Justice Has Long Arms

4 . The polar research vessel (船舰) RRS Sir David Attenborough, which will always be thought of by some as Boaty McBoatface, is currently on an Antarctic task to find out how sea ice influences the cycle of nutrients and carbon in the world’s oceans.

The 12 researchers on board are using autonomous underwater vehicles to explore huge areas of free-floating sea ice. This will help us better understand how climate change is impacting organisms from microscopic plankton (浮游生物) to penguins and orcas. .

Last week, the vessel collected samples from around the A23a mega iceberg (a scientific term) . The largest iceberg in existence is almost 4, 000 sq km, equal to an area twice the size of Greater London, weighing close to a trillion metric tonnes and towering up to 1, 312 feet above the sea.

It originally broke away from a main ice shelf connected to Antarctica in 1986, but had remained stuck against the seabed ever since. Until last month. Now, A23a is drifting into the Southern Ocean.

Of course, one iceberg floating into warmer waters and melting is just the tip of the iceberg when it comes to the climate crisis. At COP28, billions and billions were promised to fund global I climate solutions, especially in developing nations. More than 130 countries agreed to deal with emissions in agriculture, with 118 promising to triple renewables too.

But more needs to be done. Forget the A23a iceberg being a threat to shipping, it’s a sign we may be all sunk.

1. What is the purpose of RRS Sir David Attenborough’s exploration?

A．To be thought highly of as Boaty McBoatface.

B．To study the impact of the sea ice in circulation.

C．To record the cycle of nutrients and carbon globally.

D．To stand out as one of the best research vessels in the world.

2. What was this exploration most concerned about?

A．The width of warm waters.

B．The shape of main ice shelf.

C．The size of remaining iceberg.

D．The weight of free-floating iceberg.

3. What is the main idea of Paragraph 5?

A．Joint efforts was made to fix the climate crisis.

B．COP 28 made a difference to the climate crisis.

C．The climate crisis will be solved in the near future.

D．The melting of iceberg is just the start of the climate crisis.

4. How can we describe the author’s attitude according to the text?

A．It never rains but it pours.

B．Facts speak louder than words.

C．Where there is global community, there is a way.

D．When the exploring stops, the destroying can too.

6 . 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
1. What will Amada do at 2: 00 tomorrow afternoon?

A．See a dentist.

B．Meet a client.

C．Attend a concert.

2. What kind of music does Amada prefer?

A．Jazz music.

B．Rock music.

C．Classical music.

7 . Coinciding with the groundbreaking theory of biological evolution proposed by British naturalist Charles Darwin in the 1860s, British social philosopher Herbert Spencer put forward his own theory of biological and cultural evolution. Spencer argued that all worldly phenomena, including human societies, changed over time, advancing toward perfection.    1    .

American social scientist Lewis Henry Morgan introduced another theory of cultural evolution in the late 1800s. Morgan, along with Taylor, was one of the founders of modern anthropology. In his work, he attempted to show how all aspects of culture changed together in the evolution of societies.    2    .

In the early 1900s in North America, German-born American anthropologist Franz Boas developed a new theory of culture known as historical particularism. Historical particularism, which emphasized the uniqueness of all cultures, gave new direction to anthropology.     3    .

Boas felt that the culture of any society must be understood as the result of a unique history and not as one of many cultures belonging to a broader evolutionary stage or type of culture.     4    .

Historical particularism became a dominant approach to the study of culture in American anthropology, largely through the influence of many students of Boas. But a number of anthropologists in the early 1900s also rejected the particularist theory of culture in favor of diffusionism. Some attributed virtually every important cultural achievement to the inventions of a few, especially gifted peoples that, according to diffusionists, then spread to other cultures.     5    .

A．Other anthropologists believed that cultural innovations, such as inventions, had a single origin and passed from society to society. This theory was known as diffusionism.

B．In order to study particular cultures as completely as possible, Boas became skilled in linguistics, the study of languages, and in physical anthropology, the study of human biology and anatomy.

C．He argued that human evolution was characterized by a struggle he called the “survival of the fittest,” in which weaker races and societies must eventually be replaced by stronger, more advanced races and societies.

D．They also focused on important rituals that appeared to preserve a people’s social structure, such as initiation ceremonies that formally signify children’s entrance into adulthood.

E．Thus, in his view, diverse aspects of culture, such as the structure of families, forms of marriage, categories of kinship, ownership of property, forms of government, technology, and systems of food production, all changed as societies evolved.

F．Supporters of the theory viewed as a collection of integrated parts that work together to keep a society functioning.

G．For example, British anthropologists Grafton Elliot Smith and W. J. Perry incorrectly suggested, on the basis of inadequate information, that farming, pottery making, and metallurgy all originated in ancient Egypt and diffused throughout the world.

9 . Cruise through many neighborhoods or parks around the world, and you will find no shortage of well-mowed expanses of grass. Lawns (草坪) do look attractive.     1     Additionally, they can require environmentally questionable practices to maintain. Researchers and landscape architects are increasingly considering alternatives that are more sustainable, demand fewer resources and help people connect more intimately with nature. Here follows an edited excerpt of the conversation between researchers MariaIgnatieva and Marcus Hedblom.

Why did lawns become so popular?

    2     They were like a special frontier that separated cities and towns from the wilderness. A lawn was always a symbol of how a civilized society should be. That’s why it was so powerful. And of course, they are also important for recreation.

What environmental problems are lawns causing?

Lawns are homogenizing the environment, not only in terms of biodiversity but also visually. You compare countries’ and cities’ urban landscapes around the world, and they look exactly the same.     3    Mowers burn fossil fuels and emit gases that heat up the atmosphere.

    4       

You have to find your own local solution. We can take inspiration from the natural plant communities around us. In suburban and rural areas, that might mean having a meadow or prairie. In other places, it might be a savanna like environment or mountain plants. You can have a “grass-free” lawn; with only low-growing plants that create the same effect as a lawn, and you can walk on it.

How can we persuade people to adopt these alternatives?

When people see them, they appreciate them and like them.     5     We also have to try to change the minds of decision makers, including politicians. We need to show the public there are different ways of handling our urban environment and making it better.

A．So it is all about education.

B．What are these alternatives?

C．And it is understandable fondness.

D．What are the inspirations of lawns?

E．However, they choke out biodiversity.

F．Lawns came to be seen as a symbol of civilization and a way of life.

G．Lawn upkeep takes resources, fertilizer and pesticide that enter groundwater and runoff water.

10 . Growing up on a farm, Tori James spent much of her early years outdoors, building shelters and playing in muddy streams. She describes herself as an ambitious, adventurous child who went to bed reading the survival guides that lived on her bedside table. Even so, James says she could never have predicted that, one day, she might be the youngest British woman to reach the summit of Mount Everest.

Today, James is a professional adventurer. Yet ahead of her first expedition at the age of 18, which she spent mapping the cracks of Iceland’s Vatnajökull glacier with the British Exploring Society, James recalls doubting her ability to last a month out in the cold without the comfort of a hot bath. “It’s only by stepping out of our comfort zone that we understand our true potential,”she explains. “That’s when the magic happens.”

Although James has spent a significant part of her life exploring some of the most remote landscapes in the world, when it comes to traveling, she believes that there are numerous ways for everyone to push their boundaries, other than by undertaking physical challenges. James also encourages would-be adventurers not to be put off by the stereotypical image of the rugged, hardy explorer. “I am such a believer that, with the right support and skills, everyone can bring something to an expedition,” she says.

Sometimes, she adds, it’s only out in the field that someone’s hidden talents emerge. A diverse team can be key to a successful trip, particularly given the role of exploration in today’s world. “Historically, exploration has been about people finding nature’s hardest obstacles and trying to either overcome them, or beat them,” says James. “But now, for me at least, exploration is about connecting, not conquering. It’s about our connection to the living world around us, it’s about sharing its importance once we’ve returned and it’s about figuring out how to do adventure sustainably.”

1. What do we know about James?

A．She was once doubted to be a professional adventurer.

B．She enjoys reading thrilling adventure survival stories.

C．She was a child with big dreams and a desire for exploration.

D．She might be the youngest woman to conquer Mount Everest.

2. What would James probably agree with according to Paragraph 3?

A．Few ways are there for us to push our boundaries.

B．Future explorers are supposed to venture bravely.

C．Exploring remote landscapes in the world is of significance.

D．Support and skills are sure to bring out the best of explorers.

3. What might be the value of exploration nowadays?

A．To make the most of people’s hidden talent.

B．To overcome the possible hardest obstacles.

C．To figure out how to have a successful adventure.

D．To engage in sustainable interactions with nature.

4. What might be the best title of this text?

A．Born to Be Adventurers.	B．Connecting the Living World.
C．James’s Amazing Expeditions.	D．Adventurer James’s Travel Insights.