1 . When making choices, people assume that they pick what they like. However, research suggests that we like something strictly because we have chosen it. In other words, we dislike things we don’t choose. And this phenomenon has existed since we were babies.

In an experiment, US researchers brought several 10 to 20-month-old babies into a lab and gave them two same bright and colorful soft blocks to play with. They set each block far apart, so the babies had to crawl to one or the other—a random choice. After the baby chose one of the toys, the researchers took it away and came back with a new option. The babies could then pick either the toy they didn’t play with before, or a brand-new toy.

It turned out that the babies reliably chose to play with the new toy rather than the one they had not chosen.

In follow-up experiments, when researchers instead helped choose which toy the baby would play with, the phenomenon disappeared. “As if they were saying, ‘Hmm, I didn’t choose that object last time, because I guess I didn’t like it very much” said Lisa Feigenson, co-author of the study.

This is a very important phenomenon in life, Feigenson noted. Adults will less like the thing they didn’t choose, even if they had no real preference in the first place. It looks like babies do just the same.

It shows that the act of making choices changes how we feel about our options. The random choices might become our preferences. “They are really not choosing based on whether they are novel or what they prefer,” said Alex Silver, co-author of the study.

This new finding explains why adults build unconscious preference when they make choices between the same things. Justifying(证明有道理) choice is somehow fundamental to the human experience. “I chose this, so I must like it. I didn’t choose this other thing, so it cannot be so good. Adults make these inferences unconsciously,” Feigenson said.

Such tendency makes sense to us as we live in a consumer culture and must make so many choices every day, between everything from toothpaste brands to styles of jeans.

Next, researchers will look at whether too many choices could be a problem for babies as they certainly are for adults.

1. What is the purpose of the experiments?

A．To test whether people choose what they like.

B．To see why babies prefer new toys to old ones.

C．To explain how babies and adults make choices differently.

D．To study if too many choices could create problems for people.

2. What can be learned from the experiments?

A．Babies prefer bright and colorful toys.

B．Babies’ preference largely affects their choices.

C．Babies prefer adults to help them make choices.

D．Babies’ previous random choices affect their preference.

3. Why is the new finding important in life?

A．It entirely changes our styles to choose.

B．It helps us make wise decisions in a consumer culture.

C．It promotes the relationship between adults and babies.

D．It helps us understand our unconscious preference for choices.

4. What can be the best title for the text?

A．Babies like what they choose	B．Random choices matter
C．Too many choices puzzle the adults	D．Preference affects the choice

2 . 假定你是红星中学高一学生李华。你的美国朋友Jim在给你的邮件中提到他对中国新近出现的一种共享单车“shared bikes”很感兴趣，并请你做个简要介绍。请你给Jim回信，内容包括：
1. 这种单车的使用方法（如：APP查看车辆、扫码开锁等）；
2. 这种单车的优势；
3. 你对这种单车的看法。
注意：
1. 词数大约100左右；
2. 开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
提示词：智能手机 smartphone, 二维码 the QR code
Dear Jim,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

Li Hua

3 . Over the years, I’ve been guilty of hurriedly shutting the front door to many strangers when they came knocking with the intention of selling the things. But around Easter time this year, a dear friend of mine had an experience that________my mind towards these “unexpected visitors.”

Alice who recently moved to a new neighborhood, had been housebound (足不出户的) all week________from the severe flu when, early one morning, there was the annoying knock on the door. Peering out the window, she saw two young ladies seriously________leaflets and a TV set model. She knew a large TV set establishment nearby and assumed a message was about to be________. “This is the last thing I need today,” she muttered to herself and________opened the door.

Coughing, she poked her head out and impatiently________them that she wasn’t the slightest bit interested in any TV products.________, she added, she was feeling quite unwell and abruptly shut the door. The ladies politely turned and left________. A few hours later, the same two ladies were back again. Really________this time, she opened the door ready to give them a piece of her mind.________she could speak, these women, with________looks on their faces, handed Alice a dish , saying “We’re so sorry we________you earlier. We thought you may like this homemade chicken soup.________it might make you feel better.” Alice was surprised by this lovely________. Being new to the area, she didn’t know many neighbors or people who could________her with shopping so the gesture was really________. She could only smile embarrassedly and sincerely thanked them. With that, the ladies left.

After Alice told this story to me, I thought about how________this deed was. Especially in today’s world where sadly, kindness and________seem so rare. I also realized that________others and showing________is the real essence of love.

1.

A．decided

B．changed

C．occupied

D．crossed

2.

A．suffering

B．removing

C．coming

D．leaving

3.

A．owning

B．throwing

C．making

D．holding

4.

A．communicated

B．gotten

C．left

D．delivered

5.

A．eagerly

B．happily

C．willingly

D．hesitantly

6.

A．satisfied

B．persuaded

C．informed

D．convinced

7.

A．Therefore

B．However

C．Furthermore

D．While

8.

A．in surprise

B．in despair

C．in silence

D．in anger

9.

A．scared

B．frustrated

C．shocked

D．annoyed

10.

A．Before

B．After

C．As

D．Though

11.

A．puzzled

B．concerned

C．excited

D．satisfied

12.

A．blamed

B．disturbed

C．beat

D．visited

13.

A．Hopefully

B．Luckily

C．Suddenly

D．Lastly

14.

A．movement

B．thought

C．word

D．gesture

15.

A．take

B．give

C．bring

D．assist

16.

A．congratulated

B．celebrated

C．praised

D．appreciated

17.

A．tiring

B．surprising

C．touching

D．exciting

18.

A．encouragement

B．inspiration

C．honesty

D．thoughtfulness

19.

A．worrying about

B．thinking about

C．discussing about

D．hearing about

20.

A．kindness

B．hate

C．regret

D．happiness

4 . Off the Beaten Cart Path

The best-selling travel book which includes over 200 new places of interest, over 200 new full-color photographs, and all-new, up-to-date maps. It includes over 1, 000 of the United States most must-see destinations.

Cover price:$ 30. 00

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Parents

The most popular magazine for parents who want to raise smart and loving children. It has child development guidance, advice on your child's health and safety, and the best way to encourage your child's learning.

Cover Price: $26. 00

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Best Weekend Projects

The projects are chosen from 80 special ideas to create an unusual living space. They are practical, as well as creative. They will improve your home and yard and can be made on weekends. And the most important of all, they are easy to follow.

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Lucky

The shopping magazine with the best buys, and the fashion tips. You'll need them before you go to the stores. What makes Lucky really special is that it gives you the information you need before anyone else has it.

Cover Price:$ 18. 50

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1. How much can you save to buy a copy of Best Weekend Projects now?

A．$13. 4.

B．$10. 2.

C．$4. 05.

D．$3.

2. Which book can give you some advice on shopping?

A．Lucky.

B．Parents.

C．Off the Beaten Cart Path.

D．Best Weekend Projects.

3. What does the passage most probably belong to?

A．A story.

B．A report.

C．A notice.

D．An advertisement.

5 . "Everything happens for the best, "my mother said whenever I faced disappointment. "If you carry on, one day something good will happen. And you'll realize that it wouldn't have happened if not for that _________ disappointment.

Mother was _________. As I discovered after graduating from college in 1932, I had decided to hunt for a job in _________, then work my way up to sports announcer. I went to Chicago and _________ on the door of every station--but got _________ every time. In one studio, a kind lady told me that big stations couldn't _________ hiring a(n) _________ person. "Go out in the suburbs and find a _________ station that'll give you a chance, "she said. I turned to Dixon. Illinois.

While there were no radios announcing jobs in Dixon, they had opened a store and wanted a local athlete to _________ its sports department. The job __________ just right for me. But I wasn't hired. My __________ must have shown. "Everything happens for the best, " my mother reminded me. Dad offered me the car to __________ job. As I left his office, my frustration __________. I asked aloud, "How can a fellow get to be a sports announcer if he can't get a job in a radio station?" I was __________ the elevator when I heard MacArthur calling, " What do you say about sports? Do you know anything about __________ ?"Then he let me stand before a __________ and asked me to broadcast a(n) __________ game. I did a 15-minute football occasional commentary（实况报道）, and Peter told me I would be __________ Saturday's game! On my way home, as I have many times, I __________ my mother's words: If you carry on, one day something good will happen.

I often wonder what __________ my life might have taken if I'd not gotten the job at Montgomery Ward.

1.

A．first

B．latest

C．previous

D．last

2.

A．happy

B．right

C．sad

D．wise

3.

A．TV

B．radio

C．studio

D．sports

4.

A．knocked

B．worked

C．decided

D．drew

5.

A．turned down

B．turned up

C．turned over

D．turned off

6.

A．stand

B．risk

C．avoid

D．refuse

7.

A．well-behaved

B．skilled

C．inexperienced

D．well-known

8.

A．local

B．small

C．famous

D．unknown

9.

A．build

B．manage

C．handle

D．control

10.

A．comforted

B．looked

C．sounded

D．welcomed

11.

A．puzzle

B．surprise

C．disappointment

D．joy

12.

A．lose

B．settle

C．hunt

D．reserve

13.

A．turned over

B．boiled over

C．hit over

D．got over

14.

A．sitting in

B．waiting for

C．standing in

D．leaving for

15.

A．sports

B．games

C．basketball

D．football

16.

A．microphone

B．radio

C．audience

D．judge

17.

A．live

B．exciting

C．imaginary

D．real

18.

A．broadcasting

B．showing

C．lecturing

D．managing

19.

A．thought

B．reminded

C．recalled

D．collected

20.

A．results

B．directions

C．measures

D．methods

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Last year, my brother and I went to Miami for a vacation. Some of my friends who had been there before said     1    was a wonderful holiday destination. Before we went, we had planned for months. When the day came, we were ready.

After our plane landed, we went to the hotel. We had made our reservation six months     2    , but the man at the front desk said there had been a mistake. We     3    (tell) that our rooms hadn’t been reserved for that week,     4    for the week after. I didn’t understand     5    this would happen and my credit card had already been charged     6    the reservation. What’s worse, the hotel had been     7    (full) booked. When we were wondering what to do, the manager came out. She was surprisingly helpful. She apologized for the mistake and gave us a spare VIP room on     8    top floor. We had never stayed in such an amazing room, and we weren’t charged extra.

The next day, my brother and I went to the beach     9    we watched some people play volleyball. We got a little     10    (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind.

7 . 假定你是李华，一个高中生。知道你的英国朋友Leslie对中国传统文化很感兴趣，你邀请他与你全家共度春节，写一封邮件告知他相关事宜。内容包括：
1.表示邀请；2.简要介绍春节；3.你家过节安排（贴春联、放鞭炮等）。

注意：1. 词数100左右；   
2. 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
Dear Lesile,

How is everything going?

________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours,

LiHua

8 . The Broken Lantern

On a wild July night, the storm was getting worse and worse. Kate Shelley, who lived between Honey Creek (小溪) and Des Moines River, was ________ looking out of the window, wondering whether it would ________ the bridges over them, when suddenly came the loud ________ of breaking wood, then followed by a great splash. She realized the bridge over the creek was broken. At that time, the midnight train was almost ________. If no one told the engineer to ________ the train, it would fall into the creek with a hundred or more ________. The situation was so urgent that Kate ________ to go to Moingon Railway Station to get help. Immediately she rushed out into the storm with her father’s railway lantern.

Moingon ________ on the far side of Des Moines River. The only way to get there was to cross a long wooden railroad bridge. Even in the daytime, it was ________ to walk on it because there was no foot walk or railing (栏杆) except only rails and ties. The ties were ________ enough apart for the girl to fall through.

Kate stopped when she came to the ________. She had never seen the river rising so high that she was ________. Her father had been killed in a train accident by that river and her brother had drowned there. But she soon managed to ________ thinking more of the past happenings for she knew that train had to be stopped ________ it was too late. She started to step on that dangerous bridge, knowing she might fall into the rush water at any moment. What’s worse, she broke her lantern while making her way, exposing herself to the ________. She had to climb on her hands and knees…

It seemed like a long time. At last she ________ the other side.   

She stopped just long enough to catch her breath. Then she ran ________ to the railway station. When she finally got there, she was ________, wet all over, her hat blown away, her hands and knees still bleeding and her eyes looking ________. She told the station man what had happened to the Honey Creek Bridge before her fainting. Finally, the passengers were saved.

The girl’s heroic deed was rewarded. For her ________ act, Kate enjoyed a right of getting on or off the train at her door when she wanted.

1.

A．angrily

B．eagerly

C．anxiously

D．hopefully

2.

A．break out

B．wash away

C．cut off

D．pull out

3.

A．crash

B．cry

C．blow

D．voice

4.

A．removed

B．blocked

C．ready

D．due

5.

A．change

B．stop

C．catch

D．leave

6.

A．conductors

B．customers

C．passengers

D．engineers

7.

A．decided

B．tried

C．expected

D．agreed

8.

A．situated

B．lay

C．located

D．lied

9.

A．harmful

B．foolish

C．dangerous

D．strange

10.

A．long

B．wide

C．thick

D．far

11.

A．bridge

B．station

C．train

D．rail

12.

A．frightening

B．shaking

C．escaping

D．running

13.

A．forget

B．admit

C．avoid

D．risk

14.

A．though

B．because

C．unless

D．before

15.

A．darkness

B．calmness

C．emptiness

D．coldness

16.

A．selected

B．reached

C．found

D．passed

17.

A．cautiously

B．slowly

C．disappointedly

D．desperately

18.

A．out of breath

B．out of mind

C．out of sight

D．out of favor

19.

A．watchful

B．sharp

C．wild

D．bitter

20.

A．honest

B．modest

C．generous

D．courageous

9 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Xi'an City Wall is     1     most complete city wall that has survived China's long history. It     2     （build）at first to protect the city in the Tang dynasty and has now been completely restored（修复）. It is possible     3     （walk）or bike the entire 14 kilometers.

We accessed the wall through the South Gate. The wall is 12 meters in     4     （high）here you can see streams of people     5     （move）inside and outside the City Wall.

After spending some time looking at all the defensive equipment at the wall, we decided it was time for some action and what     6     （good）than to ride on a piece of history!

We     7     （hire）our bikes from the rental place at the South Gate. My bike was old and shaky but did the job. It took us about 3 hours to go all the way     8     the Xi'an City Wall. Supposedly you can do it in two hours, but we stopped at the different     9     （gate）and watchtowers to take pictures or just to watch the local people going about their     10     （day）activities.