1 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

The brightness of light from our cities has reached     1     high levels that it is reducing the darkness of night. A century ago, when night-time     2     (fall) the dark of night arrived. Things are     3     (differ) today. A new study reports that artificial light at night is increasing around the world. Scientists say it grew     4     2.2% a year between 2012 and 2016. This intrusion of artificial light is causing us many problems. The International Dark-Sky Association says, “it is not only damaging our view of the universe, but it is     5     (severe) threatening our environment, our safety, our energy consumption and our health”.

Dr. Franz Holker said artificial light is     6     threat to our natural environment. He called it a pollutant     7     threatens nocturnal animals and affects plants and microorganisms He added that it is affecting everything from bacteria to mammals, humans     8     (include). He said it is reshaping “entire social ecological systems”. Environmentalists thought LED lights would help. However, cities are using more LED lights because     9     are cheaper. This is adding to the pollution of light. Night-time light decreased in sixteen countries, including     10     (nation) at war, like Yemen and Syria.

2 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

Chinese net users have found a new way to battle desertification by playing virtual (虚拟的) planting games. Ant Forest,     1     is under Ant Financial of the Alibaba Group, told the Global Times that they had planted over 50 million trees covering about 507 square kilometers across China from 2016 to 2019.

Ant Forest is the first such game in China. In the Ant Forest plan, any activity     2    (consider) low carbon, including walking, taking public transport and online payments, will be converted into virtual “green energy”. The energy will be used to grow a virtual tree in the “forest” of the     3    (user). They exchange     4    for a real tree by paying the corresponding energy. Ant Forest will plant the real trees in spring and autumn each year     5    the help of local authorities in the desert areas. This way of planting trees    6     (recognize) on October 23, 2018 by the National Afforestation Committee as    7    means for citizens to fulfill their obligation of planting trees.

The Chinese government attaches great    8     (important)to the protection of ecosystems. China aims     9    (increase)the forest cover to 23 percent by 2020, and to 26 percent by 2035. A new study using data from NASA satellite shows that the Earth becomes    10    (green) as a result of ambitious tree-planting programs in China.

3 . The tough challenge of a six-month, 3,200-kilometer walk across the South Pole, in the long darkness of the Antarctic winter when temperatures can fall to -90℃, proved irresistible to the experienced British explorer Sir Ranulph Fiennes.

Fiennes’s hero, Captain Robert Falcon Scott, wrote “great God, this is an awful place” when he reached the South Pole a century ago, before freezing and starving to death with his team on the return journey.

That journey was made in summer. Nobody before has attempted to cross the pole in winter. In a statement, Fiennes said, “This will be my greatest challenge to date. We will stretch the limits of human endurance.”

However, Fiennes could not explain why anyone should consider such a venture, still less a man aged 68 who has survived cancer, heart surgery and the loss of most of the frozen fingertips on one hand. “It’s what I do,” he said, looking slightly puzzled at the question.

Fiennes, the world’s greatest living explorer, according to the Guinness Book of Records — was the first to cross the Antarctic continent unsupported; the first to cross both polar ice caps; and the first to travel across the globe from pole to pole.

Fiennes admitted his wife, Louise, and their six-year-old daughter were not thrilled. “But I’ve never done anything else; it’s how I earn my living. And you’re much more likely, statistically, to die on the roads than on the polar ice,” he said.

After training in the Swedish Arctic in a relatively balmy -40℃, Fiennes’ team will set sail from London on Dec. 6 on a South African research ship. The ice trek will begin on Mar. 21, the spring equinox (春分) that marks the official start of the polar winter, from the Russian base of Novolazareskaya. Fiennes and his five team members must then climb more than 3,000 meters on to the inland plateau, walk for several hundred kilometers using an ice tractor to pull all the supplies and equipment they need, descend another 3,000 meters and finally reach the Ross Sea. If they reach Captain Scott’s old base at McMurdo Sound by the spring equinox six months later, they will still have to wait for months until the sea ice backs off enough for their ship to collect them.

1. Fiennes is going on this expedition because__________.

A．it is something he always does as a career

B．he wishes to inspire his family

C．he wants to travel with his wife and daughter

D．he hopes to improve his health

2. The underlined word in Paragraph 7 probably means “__________.”

A．warm and pleasant	B．cold and harsh
C．tough and unbearable	D．agreeable and relaxing

3. According to the article, Fiennes’ expedition will__________.

A．begin at an Antarctic base of Sweden

B．involve climbing and going down a high plateau

C．start and finish exactly at the two spring equinoxes

D．finish in a few weeks after the ship arrives

4. Fiennes is attempting to cross the South Pole__________.

A．on the same route as Captain Scott’s

B．by himself during the winter months

C．by ice tractor for most of the trip

D．on foot during the worst trip

4 . Giving a gift that will stand the test of time is always a challenge,but giving plants is one way to try.Whatever type of plant you choose,it’s sure to last longer than cut flowers    1    

The most important thing to consider is where it will live.If your friend’s place is bright and sunny,a succulent(多肉植物)makes sense.     2    Succulents naturally grow in desert-like environments,while orchids(兰花)grow in damp forests.

    3    It can help you understand what conditions it prefers.So,while picking out plant gifts,ask the salesperson for more information to ensure what you choose is a match for where it will end up.

Whatever plant you choose,make peace with the fact that it may or may not survive.After all,a house’s inside is pretty dissimilar to where that plant naturally grows.So we can all only do our best.    4    If their leaves dry up,they’re not getting enough water.If they’re reaching their leaves toward the light,they may need more of it.So offer that advice to your friend,and then let it go.

If you have a plant-interested friend on your gift list,why not choose a plant which is easy to keep alive in his place and looks lovely?You don’t need to wrap it,as a simple bow is   enough.    5    It’s a way to ensure your gift gets a good start in life.

A．You can always put them inside a paper bag.

B．But you can consider giving a nice pot and bag of soil.

C．Knowing the natural history of a plant is equally important.

D．Even relatively experienced green thumbs sometimes lose

E．The key is to pay attention to plants-really look at them each day..

F．If you want to choose plants as gifts,the ideas below will help you on your way.

G．If your friend has a cool home with no direct sun,an orchid is probably a better choice.

5 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容(不多于1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。

With fewer than 2, 000 giant pandas left in the wild, the sighting of one of the lovely animals is a cause for     1     (celebrate). However, the one recently spotted walking through a bamboo forest in China’s Sichuan Province is even more so,     2     (consider) that it is the worlds first known all-white panda!

It     3     (spot) by an infrared (红外线的) camera set up to monitor the wildlife in the Wolong National Nature Reserve on May 25, 2019,     4     is also home to China’s first giant panda breeding and research center. Wolong officials estimate the panda, whose sex is hard     5     (determine) from the photo, is between one and two years old.

    6     is generally believed that the giant pandas unique black and white coloring allows it to blend in with the snow during winter or to hide in the shade during summer. Some     7     (scientist) also believe the dark circles around the eyes help the panda bears recognize each other     8     (lucky) the lack of markings does not seem to have affected the all-white panda so far .

The researchers say albino (白化病) animals are rare in general, That’s because it can only happen if both parents carry the gene. With so few specimens of panda bears left     9     the world, the Possibility of that happening is almost next to impossible. Researchers believe if its offspring can be photographed, it will be     10     (value) for further research.

6 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Whales have been facing serious danger for a long time.

First, due     1     the greenhouse effect, glaciers are melting, and some living creatures in the Antarctic and the Arctic     2     (be) on the edge of extinction. With global warming, life in other parts of the ocean has also been seriously affected, whales     3     (include).

Secondly, whaling activity is another killer. Historically, whaling has been popular in some overseas countries, such as England, Japan and Norway. On the one hand, some people’s desire for money can’t     4     (meet) easily, and they regard whales as a money-making machine. A kilogram of whale meat can fetch about $100 in Japan. On     5     other hand, advanced technology has increased the efficiency of whaling and     6     (great) reduced the number of whales. What’s more, some countries are still on whaling in the name of science,     7     (seem) curious about this creature.

The fact     8     whales are on the edge of extinction is alarming us. Some     9     (organize) have begun working hard to save them. The international community has made a strategy against commercial whaling. In my opinion, governments should also make tough laws     10     (protect) whales.

7 . What is the weather like now?

A．It's sunny.

B．It's rainy.

C．It's cloudy.

8 . Lizzy Greene’s official website says it all: "Actress, Artist & Animal Lover. " At 13, Lizzy has performed in children’s theater, and she is a trained gymnast. She is most known for her role as Dawn Harper on Nickelodeons Nicky, Ricky, Dicky & Dawn. Now Lizzy is taking on another role—as a voice for animals.

    1     She grew up with dogs, and her family’s pet is a 110-pound German shepherd(牧羊犬) named Jett. On the show, Lizzy shares the screen with a lovable 20-pound dog named Squishy Paws. In second grade, she stationed herself outside her school to ask for donations (捐款) to a local animal shelter.     2    

Now Lizzy is also speaking out for farm animals. She’s recently joined The Humane Society of the United States, Meatless Monday movement. She encourages young people to take a break from eating meat on Mondays.     3     And she’s encouraging the under-20 crowd to take part.

Lizzy knows that raising animals for meat causes pollution, uses a lot of natural resources (资 源) like water and also harms animals.     4     Choosing meat-free meals one day a week is also a great way to feel healthy.

Many K-12 schools, universities and hospitals nationwide have started Meatless Monday programs.

“It’s so easy to love animals.” Lizzy says.     5     For some kid-and-animal-friendly meatless recipes(食谱), visit humonesociety. org/kindnezws.

A．It’s easy to eat animal-friendly foods, too.

B．Lizzy has only just begun her bright career.

C．Animals have always been a big part of Lizzy's life.

D．And Lizzy says she has always wanted to help animals.

E．Cutting meat from our diet once a week helps the environment and animals.

F．Kids'breakfast can be as simple as trying a vegetable burger instead of a hamburger.

G．After the movement, Lizzy says she wants to save a few more lives and force humans to eat healthier.

9 . By the end of the century，if not sooner，the world’s oceans will be bluer and greener thanks to a warming climate，according to a new study.

At the heart of the phenomenon lie tiny marine microorganisms(海洋微生物) called phytoplankton. Because of the way light reflects off the organisms，these phytoplankton create colourful patterns at the ocean surface. Ocean colour varies from green to blue，depending on the type and concentration of phytoplankton. Climate change will fuel the growth of phytoplankton in some areas，while reducing it in other spots，leading to changes in the ocean's appearance.

Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide(二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. When these organisms die，they bury carbon in the deep ocean，an important process that helps to regulate the global climate. But phytoplankton are vulnerable to the ocean's warming trend. Warming changes key characteristics of the ocean and can affect phytoplankton growth，since they need not only sunlight and carbon dioxide to grow，but also nutrients.

Stephanie Dutkiewicz，a scientist in MIT's Center for Global Change Science，built a climate model that projects changes to the oceans throughout the century. In a world that warms up by 3℃，it found that multiple changes to the colour of the oceans would occur. The model projects that currently blue areas with little phytoplankton could become even bluer. But in some waters，such as those of the Arctic，a warming will make conditions riper for phytoplankton，and these areas will turn greener. “Not only are the quantities of phytoplankton in the ocean changing. ”she said，“but the type of phytoplankton is changing. ”

1. What are the first two paragraphs mainly about?

A．The various patterns at the ocean surface.

B．The cause of the changes in ocean colour.

C．The way light reflects off marine organisms.

D．The efforts to fuel the growth of phytoplankton.

2. What does the underlined word “vulnerable” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．Sensitive.	B．Beneficial
C．Significant	D．Unnoticeable

3. What can we learn from the passage?

A．Phytoplankton play a declining role in the marine ecosystem.

B．Dutkiewicz's model aims to project phytoplankton changes

C．Phytoplankton have been used to control global climate

D．Oceans with more phytoplankton may appear greener.

4. What is the main purpose of the passage？

A．To assess the consequences of ocean colour changes

B．To analyse the composition of the ocean food chain

C．To explain the effects of climate change on oceans

D．To introduce a new method to study phytoplankton

10 . Bending our knees in the sand and protected by only a plastic glove, I put my hand into the cigarette ends, drink bottles and rotten fruit. I ____ to my friends, triumphantly (洋洋得意地) waving a ____ sock at them before dropping it into the rubbish bag.

My friends and I are ____ of the CSF, a high school community service club. On a Sunday morning we came to the Santa Monica Beach as ____ as possible. It was Step. 17. International Coastal Cleanup Day, and people in more than 90 countries were ____ to clean up the beaches. When four of us and the club adviser ____ near the Santa Monica Pier (码头), the beach was nearly empty. We were —____ with plastic gloves, rubbish bags and information ____, which we used to ____ the rubbish we found for later research. In ____ of two or three, we started by collecting the most ____ pieces of rubbish, such as bottles and bags. Soon our backs were hurting from ____ so much. To pass the time, our club adviser invented a ____ called “Balloon Search” — whichever group found the most shreds (碎片) of balloons would ____.

My group found several sickening and ____ items, such as, used underwear, dead birds and toothbrush. Another group ____ found false teeth!

After three hours of collecting rubbish, we ____ ourselves to lunch, I washed my ____ with a soap four times in the bathroom, but the smell of ____ fish stayed. Although we were tired, we all ____ that the work was definitely worth it.

1.

A．explained

B．got

C．shouted

D．nodded

2.

A．beautiful

B．muddy

C．plastic

D．white

3.

A．students

B．customers

C．cleaners

D．member

4.

A．early

B．late

C．soon

D．often

5.

A．calling

B．gathering

C．meeting

D．pretending

6.

A．turned up

B．came up

C．turned out

D．came out

7.

A．equipped

B．filled

C．covered

D．pulled

8.

A．scores

B．papers

C．tools

D．sheets

9.

A．copy

B．record

C．hold

D．sort

10.

A．search

B．memory

C．groups

D．forms

11.

A．amazing

B．expensive

C．useful

D．noticeable

12.

A．walking around

B．bending over

C．falling down

D．moving back

13.

A．game

B．machine

C．sport

D．rule

14.

A．leave

B．blow

C．win

D．speak

15.

A．interesting

B．surprising

C．important

D．pleasant

16.

A．again

B．still

C．even

D．suddenly

17.

A．treated

B．helped

C．took

D．invited

18.

A．clothes

B．hands

C．face

D．hair

19.

A．bitter

B．fresh

C．tasty

D．rotten

20.

A．agreed

B．decided

C．promised

D．understood