1 . Flip-flops (人字拖) are the most popular type of shoe in the world. They’re comfortable, they’re easy to wear and they’re inexpensive. Unfortunately, most of them are also terrible for the environment. In Kenya, this is a huge problem, and around 90 tons of flip-flops wash up on its shores annually.
In the late 1990s, when Julie Church was working as a marine (海洋的) conservationist in Nairobi, she found an entire beach “just covered in flip-flops”. Around that time, Church also noticed children making toys out of the thousands of flip-flops that had made their way to the country’s beaches. She began working with the kids’ mothers to encourage them to not just collect the shoes, but also turn them into artworks. The families could then sell this art at local markets, providing another means of income.
The idea took off, and in 1998, Church founded Ocean Sole as a nonprofit. This year alone, the organization has upcycled more than 750,000 flip-flops and collected more than 47,000 kilos of waste. Additionally, Ocean Sole directly impacts more than 1,000 Kenyans, many of whom work as flip-flop collectors or artists, and contributes 10% to 15% of overall income to career and educational programs for residents, as well as beach cleanup and conservation efforts.
Ocean Sole is continuously growing and looking to keep waste off Kenya’s beaches and out of its water. When it comes to growing the Ocean Sole organization, Church has three “mantras (真言)”: trust to trade, trade to awareness, and awareness to protection. Church would like to put together toolkits and other resources to bring this concept to other places around the world that have similar problems. Ocean Sole is also encouraging companies to use more eco-friendly materials when making flip-flops. “I think it’s time for us to start looking for an alternative shoe, or an alternative material, to fit that kind of fashion need,” Church has said. “Our products need to develop.”
1. What was the main reason for founding the nonprofit?| A．To help Kenyans get healthy. |
| B．To develop children’s hands-on skills. |
| C．To protect Kenya’s marine environment. |
| D．To provide children with artistic flip-flops. |
| A．It is growing in a controlled way. |
| B．It has a smaller impact than expected. |
| C．It is running for profit since founded. |
| D．It has achieved many things with one move. |
| A．Lead the fashion trend. | B．Advance their products. |
| C．Practice her three “mantras”. | D．Develop global cooperation. |
| A．Environmental challenges in Kenya. |
| B．Flip-flops are out of date in Kenya. |
| C．Ocean Sole turns flip-flops into art. |
| D．Ocean Sole develops a new national art. |
2 . Why is the fish in danger of dying out?
| A．Because of over-fishing. |
| B．Because of water pollution. |
| C．Because of a natural disaster. |
3 . Forest & Bird, a conservation organization in New Zealand, held a contest for Bird of the Century and invited people in the country and abroad to
To get
“The püteketeke are fantastic couples and
His effort
According to Forest & Bird, there are fewer than 3,000 of the bird across New Zealand a few decades ago. But the
Usually called Bird of the Year, the annual
| A．meet | B．select | C．protect | D．feed |
| A．asked | B．informed | C．challenged | D．reminded |
| A．bone | B．meat | C．feather | D．skin |
| A．protested | B．disappeared | C．developed | D．agreed |
| A．support | B．space | C．resource | D．pressure |
| A．ugly | B．unique | C．red | D．thin |
| A．annoying | B．rich | C．caring | D．clever |
| A．fell apart | B．went on | C．gave away | D．paid off |
| A．lake | B．list | C．bottle | D．tree |
| A．hosted | B．missed | C．won | D．joined |
| A．famous | B．intelligent | C．disappointed | D．ordinary |
| A．variety | B．value | C．chance | D．number |
| A．party | B．ceremony | C．event | D．festival |
| A．birds | B．flowers | C．crops | D．people |
| A．delayed | B．100th | C．forgotten | D．first |
4 . 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
1. What animal is in the video that the woman saw?| A．A duck. | B．A turtle. | C．A fish. |
| A．There will be fewer fish in the sea than plastics. |
| B．50% of the fish in the ocean will die. |
| C．All businesses will stop using straws. |
| A．To a restaurant. | B．To a gift shop. | C．To a coffee shop. |
5 . 听下面一段独白，回答以下小题。
1. What are sharks famous for?| A．Their large bodies. | B．Their sense of smell. | C．Their attacking ability. |
| A．20 m. | B．10 m. | C．2 m. |
| A．Escape from danger. | B．Find their food. | C．Kill enemies. |
| A．In warm waters of oceans. | B．In cold areas of oceans. | C．In warm lakes. |
6 . 听下面一段对话，回答以下小题。
1. What is the woman doing?| A．Hosting a program. |
| B．Having a job interview. |
| C．Doing an environmental test. |
| A．The fish were covered with oil. |
| B．The birds died of a rare disease. |
| C．The whales were washed up on the shore. |
| A．Interesting. | B．Difficult. | C．Easy. |
| A．He liked outdoor activities. |
| B．He enjoyed staying at the coast. |
| C．He was interested in the ocean system. |
7 . What do the speakers most possibly do?
| A．Use less plastics. |
| B．Cut plastics out of life. |
| C．Collect plastics in the ocean. |
8 . In contrast to the brightly coloured species of birds, most of mammals are browns and greys, but with a small number of exceptions, of which the most famous is the giant panda. We’ve had some initial assumption about why they had their markings, but we need to confirm the reason for its mysterious pattern.
Viewed up close in a zoo, the giant panda is a strikingly notable mix of a white bear with black shoulders and legs, and an extraordinary face with black fur around the eyes and ears. By comparing with other carnivores (食肉动物), we learned that carnivores with white backs are found in snowy environments, and those with dark legs and shoulders are found in shady habitats. This suggested that the fur was an adaptation to be self-protective in different environments.
Nowadays, giant pandas are confined to forests in western China, where they live on their own and there are relatively few predators (捕食者). We are to confirm that the sort of self-protection is effective against giant pandas’ former predators from the days when they ranged right across China into Vietnam.
By comparing the amount of light reflected from the giant panda’s fur with natural objects in the background, it’s clear that their black fur patches (斑纹) match dark shades and tree trunks, whereas their white patches match bright leaves and snow. Also, pale brown, or muddy fur matches the color of the ground. This provides a medium color which bridges the gap between the very dark and very light visual elements in the natural habitat. Besides, a second form of self-protection lies in something termed misorderly colors and patterns-in which highly visible patches break up its outline by mixing with patches in the background.
Giant pandas show this form of defensive outline, especially at longer viewing distances of at least 60 meters away. At these distances, the giant panda becomes hardly identifiable as the black fur patches go with the background, dark rocks and tree trunks.
Although giant pandas in zoos are highly notable to us, it is because we see them up close and surrounded by artificial backgrounds. But when in the wild and at a distance, our research shows that they are beautifully protective to avoid detection.
1. How are giant pandas different from most mammals?| A．They are more brightly colored. |
| B．They are marked with browns and greys. |
| C．They have exceptional colors and patterns. |
| D．Their dark legs match snowy environments. |
| A．Enclosed in. | B．Raised in. | C．Lost in. | D．Trained in. |
| A．To explain the reason for pandas living in the wild. |
| B．To confirm the panda’s color connection to the habitat. |
| C．To compare the differences of pandas’ body parts in color. |
| D．To conclude the relationship between light and pandas’ colors. |
| A．They look darker in the artificial background. |
| B．Their patterns are determined by their whereabouts. |
| C．The effectiveness of defensive colors is related to distance. |
| D．They are more beautifully-colored in the wild than in the zoo. |
9 . 听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。
1. Which season does the woman like best?| A．Winter. | B．Summer. | C．Autumn. |
| A．The roads are crowded. |
| B．The lights are too bright. |
| C．The tires need to be replaced. |
| A．During the winter. |
| B．During the summer. |
| C．During the autumn. |
10 . This Is What Your Dog’s Behaviors Should Tell You
A straightened tail
When you see a dog’s tail in the air, that dog probably feels very excited or confident about something. If its tail is shaky and remains up, the dog probably just feels challenged in a way. Whenever a dog is content, its tail is always leveled with its body. However, if the tail is hanging low, this shows some kind of insecurity.
Chewing your furniture
When puppies start teething, they start chewing things around. It just means that they have not been getting as much physical activity as their body needs. You can easily help by taking them out for a nice walk or helping them exercise in some other ways.
Tilting (倾斜) their heads
When you are talking to dogs, you subconsciously end up speaking in a higher pitch. The dogs tip their heads in an attempt to understand what you are telling. Dogs have a great way of reading different body language and responding to vocal cues. They recognize specific words especially those associated with treats they love or walks. A certain theory states that dogs will move their heads in that manner as a way of adjusting their ears so that they can listen better.
Raising their ears
When you see a dog raise its ears, just know it’s listening keenly to you. It happens when they are unfamiliar with a certain sound and are trying to figure the sound out. So when you see this, just allow your dog to figure out things slowly for a second. After all, it’s very nice to have a dog that is observant.
1. If a dog keeps its tail hanging low, it suggests it feels _______.| A．satisfied | B．thrilled | C．unsafe | D．challenged |
| A．Tie the dog. | B．Walk the dog. |
| C．Feed the dog. | D．Bathe the dog. |
| A．Waving its tail. | B．Moving its head. |
| C．Raising its ears. | D．Showing its teeth. |
