1 . Chinese President Xi Jinping announced on July 31 that China's BeiDou Navigation Satellite System (BDS) has been completed and has started providing full-scale global services that day.
In the 1990s, Chinese government approved and began research and development of a space-based navigation and positioning system aimed at easing the country's heavy dependence on foreign networks. The system is called "BeiDou". It has planned a three-step strategy for developing the BDS.
The construction of BDS-1, the first step of the strategy, started in 1994 and was completed in 2000. The BDS-2 system started construction in 2004. By 2012,a total of 14 satellites had been launched to complete the deployment(部署)．In November 2017, China launched the first two satellites for the BDS-3 system, which started construction in 2009, and officially expanded its regional navigation system into a global network.
In late June, the final satellite to complete BeiDou's third-generation network was lifted by a Long March 3B carrier rocket. After in-orbit tests over the past month, the satellite recently started its formal operations.
Since 2000, 59 BeiDou satellites, including the first four experimental ones, have been launched from Xichang on 44 Long March 3-series rockets, with some of them having retired.
BeiDou began providing services for civilian users in China and other parts of the Asia-Pacific region in December 2012. At the end of 2018, it started providing basic global services. BeiDou offers accurate positioning, navigation and timing, as well as short messaging communication. The services are used in various fields.
It offers an alternative to Russia's GLONASS and the European Union's Galileo system, as well as the United States' GPS.
The operating of BeiDou's full-scale global services is a significant milestone in China's efforts to boost science and technology and strengthen its space industry. The move is a major contribution to the global public-service infrastructure (基础设施) as well as a remarkable strategic achievement of socialism with Chinese characteristics in the new era.
1. How many navigation systems are mentioned in this passage?| A．2. | B．3 | C．4 | D．5 |
| A．Offering accurate timing. |
| B．Offering vehicle navigation. |
| C．Offering accurate positions. |
| D．Offering cell phone communication. |
| A．In the BDS, there are 59 satellites in service. |
| B．The BDS will replace GPS in the near future. |
| C．The BDS is a great contribution to the whole world. |
| D．It took China more than 30 years to construct the BDS. |
| A．The best Navigation Satellite System-BeiDou. |
| B．One small step for China, a giant leap for mankind. |
| C．China's BeiDou System begins its full-scale global services. |
| D．The development of the BeiDou Navigation Satellite System. |
2 . Teens Aren’t Getting Enough Sleep And Schools Are Partly to Blame
Most kids are severely sleep deprived, and early school starting times aren’t helping.
Across the country, only 17.7 percent of middle and high schools start classes after 8:30 a.m.. The average school start time for middle and high schools around the country is 8:03 a.m., according to a new analysis from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
The AAP advises that schools start after 8:30 to help teenagers get 8.5 to 9.5 hours of sleep a night — the amount the AAP says is ideal. Currently, less than a third of high school students sleep 8 hours a night, says the CDC analysis.
The analysis uses 2011–2012 information from the Department of Education to gather the start times of about 39,700 schools. Alaska has the latest average school start time at 8:33 a.m., while Louisiana has the earliest at 7:40 a.m.
Sleep-deprived teenagers are more likely to suffer from depression, use drugs, get low grades and be overweight. Even though schools often face obstacles when trying to delay school start times due to traffic and scheduling concerns, some have made progress recently.
After Deerfield Academy in Massachusetts delayed school start times in 2008 from 7:55 a.m. to 8:30 a.m., the private school saw a number of benefits. As the Huffington Post previously reported, the school’s 2014 viewbook noted that students earned higher grades; ate more breakfasts, visited the health center far less frequently; and performed better in athletics. Teachers reported that first-period discussion classes were uncharacteristically lively from the beginning bell.
Half of parents whose teens attend schools that start before 8:30 would support a later start time, according to a 2014 survey from the University of Michigan C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital.
1. The benefits of enough sleep for students don’t include ________.| A．earning higher grades | B．eating more breakfast |
| C．visiting the health center more frequently | D．performing better in athletics |
| A．making a comparison | B．using examples |
| C．presenting research findings | D．quoting diagrams |
| A．The earlier schools start, the higher grades students can get. |
| B．All schools should start after 8:30 across the world. |
| C．Nine hours of sleep a night is the most ideal choice. |
| D．The lack of sleep may lead to various terrible problems. |
| A．A research report. | B．A health guide. |
| C．A class presentation. | D．An official document. |
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Who is Li Ziqi? For about 8 million watchers on YouTube and 23 million microbloggers on Sina Weibo, that's
The beauty of Li's videos
Of course, via her videos Li has spread Chinese culture to the world. She lets the world know that Chinese people love good food and are good
Till now Li
5 . Understand your pet's body language
Body language is different depending on what sort of animal you have chosen as your pet.
●
●If your cat looks at you and blinks at you slowly, it's likely communicating affection.
●
| A．Pets' health depends on your daily care. |
| B．You can do this back at your cat to show your love, too. |
| C．The context is important in telling which emotion it might be. |
| D．Birds can be quite expressive through their eyes, feathers, and voices. |
| E．When dogs feel stressed out or threatened, their eyes will look larger than normal. |
| F．Once familiar with each other's presence and body language, cats and dogs can play together. |
| G．If you're unsure of your pet's body language, consider reading some articles for your specific animal. |
6 . About 12 million tons of plastic wastes are entering the oceans every year. This garbage pollutes the water, kills wildlife and breaks down into small pieces that fish and other creatures eat.
Now a group of Spanish fishermen will receive economic support to catch plastics. It is part of a new project. Carlos Martin is one of the fishermen taking part in the project. He and his partners collect the plastic in the ocean and bring it back to land every week. Martin thinks rivers carry a lot of plastics to the sea. He says his most concern is no more than that the plastics often get caught in the nets, which makes nets not work properly. They take on mud（泥）, causing the nets to break because they weigh so much.
Under the new programs, one million pounds will support ocean cleanup efforts for fishermen like Martin. The money is coming from the European Union and the Catalan government. Sergi Tudela, the General Director of Catalonia Fisheries, is responsible for the cleanup project. He said, "We are hopeful that if we are successful in this project, we can apply it to other areas in the Mediterranean（地中海）."
Government reports show that the amount of plastic wastes washing up along the Spanish coastline has grown by 65 percent in just six years. Fishing equipment makes up a large part of the about 8 to 12 million tons of plastics left in the world's oceans every year.
Martin says the fishing community now understands how big the problem is. He says, "In the past we didn't see it that way. We took the plastic garbage and threw it back into the water. I think that after a few year here we have realized the problem. Nothing is thrown into the water; we collect everything and bring it to shore.
1. What worries Martin most about plastic wastes at the beginning?| A．They pollute the sea environment. |
| B．They affect the quality and taste of fish. |
| C．They prevent the fishing nets from working well. |
| D．They kill wildlife and reduce his fishing amount. |
| A．Getting more money to support the project. |
| B．Getting help from other European countries. |
| C．Spreading the cleanup project to more places. |
| D．Praising the European Union for their helping to the oceans. |
| A．Its members do a lot of work for free. |
| B．It has stopped using plastic fishing equipment. |
| C．It has made positive changes to fight plastic wastes. |
| D．Its members find people sill throw the garbage carelessly. |
| A．New programs are changing fishermen's life |
| B．Money is given to Spanish fishermen to clean up oceans |
| C．Traditional fishing equipment causes a lot of plastic wastes |
| D．Spanish fishermen are encouraging people to clean up oceans |
7 . Claire Wyatt, a 24-year-old British volunteer, led eight Cambodians living with disabilities on a 155-mile bike ride from Phnom Penh, the nation’s capital, to Siem Reap to raise money and deliver supplies to those in need in the coronavirus pandemic(新冠病毒大流行).
“Leading this trip was an incredibly special experience for me,” said Claire. “Not only was I encouraged by the determination of each and every rider, but also the team taught me every day not to focus on their disability.”
When she was first asked to lead the trip, Claire admitted, she was feeling nervous about her team traveling such a distance in just a few days because cycling with a disability can come with added physical and emotional challenges.
One team member named Dy, who lost an arm in an accident, biked using just one arm to balance. Another named Vulta could only pedal on one side due to polio(小儿麻痹). Despite all the difficulties, Claire realized quickly that she didn’t have to worry about her team. She saw them deal with rough area that she had seen abled cyclists give up on before.
The volunteers covered the distance in just four days, not only helping so many people across the country, but also overcoming huge difficulties to get there.
“The best thing about this ride is that the riders have all volunteered their time to do this. They are so enthusiastic about Cambodia and raising money for others in need,” said Claire. “The money raised will feed 99 families in Siem Reap.”
Claire recalled her favorite moment of the experience, when one of the cyclists pushed an exhausted teammate up a hill for 2 miles. “One moment that stood out for me was when Naret, our only female rider, was feeling tired,” she said. “Her fellow rider gently put his hand on her back and pushed her for 2 miles! They were encouraging each other to push through the tiredness.”
1. Why did Claire and eight Cambodians cycle 155 miles?| A．To challenge themselves. | B．To help out needy people. |
| C．To take part in a competition. | D．To raise money for the disabled. |
| A．She might be injured on the road. | B．She would be unable to lead the team. |
| C．Her team might be looked down on. | D．Her team couldn’t finish the route. |
| A．Confident, calm and friendly. | B．Honest, patient and open-minded. |
| C．Strong-minded, brave and caring. | D．Curious, creative and experienced. |
| A．It could have taken less time. |
| B．It was amazing and inspiring. |
| C．It changed her idea about human nature. |
| D．It was more difficult than she had expected. |
A boulder(巨石)，as big as a house. That’s how the guidebook described Giant Rock. Dad said it arrived here millions of years ago. I was finally going to see it, in snowshoes, with my two older cousins, my dad, and my uncle Don. I’d been snowshoeing before, and I liked the adventure of hiking through deep snow.
At the parking area, after putting on our snowshoes, we studied the map. Due to the geographical location, electrical devices are inaccessible here. The map is our only guide. "We start here，" Dad said,” on the red trail(小路）. Then we turn left onto the purple road. That’s where Giant Rock is. " " Remember to stick together and don’t wander off, guys，" Uncle Don said.
The trail ran uphill alongside a stone wall. It was easy to follow because red markers were nailed to the trees and the snow had been packed down by other hikers. At the top of the hill, we turned onto the purple trail. We settled into a pattern，with Dad and everyone else in front and me in the back，crunching(嘎吱嘎吱地踩）through the snow. I saw lots of animal tracks — mostly deer, squirrel, and rabbit prints. As the trail wound down, my cousin Andrew said what I’d been thinking ："Will we ever reach Giant Rock?" My cousin Aiden smiled and turned to me, "Luke, do you think your dad invented this idea just to get us away from the TV for a while?" I laughed. "You never know."
Finally, we climbed a hill and saw the massive boulder sitting alone in the forest. It really is as big as a house! My cousins and I high-fived each other and jogged until we stood at the base, breathless. Standing in the boulders broad shadow, I noticed the sun had sunk lower.
“Let’s head back，" Dad said after a few minutes. "I here will be several crossroads on the way back. Guys, keep up with the team. " Soon we were crunch-crunch-crunching our way home. I was a little behind the group when we approached a crossroads. And I noticed a set of animal tracks I didn’t recognize, so I followed them for a closer look.
Paragraph 1 ：
I looked up when I suddenly realized how quiet it had gotten.
Paragraph 2 ：
As going worriedly, I heard voices, someone calling far away.
9 . Although Kobe Bryant is no longer with us， his unbreakable will on and off the basketball court lives on. This month， it was announced that the late superstar would be chosen into the Naismith Memorial Basketball Hall of Fame， a prestigious honor for basket balls best.
"His fierce competitiveness， work ethic and drive were unmatched，" Jeanie Buss， owner of the Los Angles Lakes， told ESPN. "
"Mamba mentality is all about focusing on the process and trusting in the hard work，" he wrote in his book The Mamba mentality： How I Play. "
Though Kobe is gone， he has left the world valuable spirits of persisting for generations to come.
| A．What made Bryant superior to his peers？ |
| B．Those qualities helped Bryant lead us to five titles. |
| C．Many people felt shocked and sad when he died. |
| D．You could say I encouraged people to be their best selves. |
| E．It's the ultimate criterion for the competitive spirit. |
| F．Alongside Bryant， eight others will be chosen at a ceremony on Aug 29. |
| G．No one can deny the Kobe's power to inspire people to be their best selves. |
10 . As doctors and nurses struggle for medical supplies to fight coronavirus pandemic,help is coming from an unlikely place﹣high school students. The Careen Technical Education Charter High Scholl（CTEC）,US,has been using its nine 3D printers to make face masks for healthcare workers on the frontline.
Face masks have been particularly challenging to find across the US since the outbreak Valerie Castro,16, a CTEC student,is part of a team of teachers and students who came up with improvement that cut almost 30 minutes off the time it takes to build a face mask.
"That's what makes this school kind of different. " Gavin Newsom, Governor of the State of California，said. "Even though all these bad things are happening，we're able to make an impact positively . It's like leaving your little mark on the world. " Makerbot，a New York﹣based company that makes 3D printers，has also helped CTEC to maximize the building process. They've been churning out nearly 100 masks each day, and that production rate is set to be three times as 20 more 3D printers come online at the school.
CTEC staff and students have provided masks to hospitals，dentists, urgent care centers and retirement homes in Fresno County and the surrounding areas in California. "I was shocked," Stacy Vohra told school staff in video. "We were so thrilled to have the donation from CTEC. This is something that we've been needing. "
"The entire staff has switched from daily teaching to face mask production，" said Jonathan Delano，director of CTEC. "When the new 3D printers arrive，some of them will go to students' houses so kids can help with the hands﹣on process. "
"That's how we get through these things，" Delano said. "Our high school focuses on giving back to society. Students should know the skills they hold can have an impact on a community. "
1. What can we learn from the passage？| A．High School students are expected to help make face masks in the U. S. |
| B．Valeria alone helps speed up the production of 3D face masks in CTEC. |
| C．The act of the students in CTEC is highly thought of by Gavin. |
| D．Makerbot helps CTEC to build a factory for making 3D face masks. |
| A．producing massive |
| B．selling quickly |
| C．importing legally |
| D．exchanging equally |
| A．Shocked and embarrassed. |
| B．Astonished and excited. |
| C．Disappointed and frustrated. |
| D．Inspired and joyful. |
| A．Teenagers helped design face masks. |
| B．3D printing technology was used to produce face masks. |
| C．A high school made donations to fight the pandemic. |
| D．A high school made contributions by producing 3D face masks. |
