1 . Everyone “talks” with their hands at least sometimes. Some people’s hand-talking, or gesturing (手势) matches their messages well. Other people like to make gestures that can be confusing. And still others don’t use their hands much at all. No matter which group you are in, it’s important to pay attention to your hand gestures while you are communicating. And also remember hand gestures can have cultural meanings.
A few years ago, I was a speaker at a conference in Lisbon, Portugal. It was my first time in Portugal, and I became immediately fond of the special pastries (糕点) that Lisbon and Portugal are known for. One morning I went into a bakery and ordered two of the pastries. I did so by holding up two fingers, similar to the “victory” or “peace” gesture in the United States. The person behind the counter put three pastries in the box. I later learned that the gesture for two would raise thumb and index finger. Even though my thumb wasn’t showing, the person behind the counter thought I was signaling for three.
I was lucky that I didn’t get into more trouble than an extra pastry. Many hand gestures are not universal. Before speaking in a country that you are not familiar with, do some research to find out which gestures might be misunderstood, not understood at all or rude.
1. Why did the author go to Lisbon, Portugal?A.To taste pastries. | B.To take a holiday. |
C.To attend a meeting. | D.To learn Portuguese culture. |
A.Normal. | B.Independent. | C.Common. | D.Complex. |
A.One should be careful when ordering food in Portugal. |
B.Hand gestures may have different meanings in different cultures. |
C.The person behind the counter understood the author’s gesture. |
D.The person behind the counter cheated the author. |
A.tell us that hand gestures are not the same worldwide |
B.explain the general use of gestures |
C.ask us to use correct hand gestures in Portugal |
D.share a funny story in Portugal |
2 . A tree has roots (根). People have roots too. If you get to the root of a problem, you will solve it. It’s the same thing with words. Dig deeply into a big, unfamiliar word and you will understand where it came from.
As readers, especially those reading in a second language, we need to deal with the text as if we were detectives (侦探) looking for information to unlock (解开……秘密) the unknown. Like any good detective arriving on the crime scene, the first thing to do when meeting a new and difficult word is to judge the situation, to look at everything that is known and see if it helps us to understand what it means.
As you know, prefixes (前缀) and suffixes (后缀) can be added to the beginning or end of words to change the meaning. Know them, and you will have the word building power. But root words are the key (关键). Take time to learn a few of these, put them in your memory, and you will become a master word detective.
Let’s look at one common root word used in English. “Alter” from the Latin(拉丁语的) word means “other”. When you meet this root word, you know that the bigger word has something to do with “other”. Examine the word “alternate”. Can you find the Latin root in it?
• If you and your friend like to eat out, first you pay and the other pays the next time. You are alternating paying.
• If you go to the movies on alternate Saturdays, you go on one Saturday, but not the other Saturday.
• If you have no alternative, you have no other choice.
Learn as many root words as possible in the language you are studying. Then use your “rooting for words” skills. Like any new skill, practice and hard work are always paid back.
1. If Jim and Lily go to the movies, which one below is “alternating paying”?A.Jim pays every time. | B.They each pay half. |
C.They take turns paying. | D.Their parents pay for them. |
A.By giving a fact. | B.By taking an example. |
C.By telling a story. | D.By having a discussion. |
A.My brother is my senior by two years. |
B.He was ill so he was absent from school. |
C.A criminal was sentenced to death by law. |
D.60 students were present at the sports meeting. |
(①=Paragraph (段落) 1 ② =Paragraph 2, ...)
A. | B. |
C. | D. |
3 . It was the first time Moham went to a restaurant in his new neighborhood. He looked up at the menu board, and
“It’s the soda you ordered,”
He smiled at the waitress, pointed at one of the
Moham took the cake and his unexpected soda to a table and sat down to eat. Why was it that English had been so
Just then, a girl, who sat at the next table and had watched the whole
Hearing this, Moham felt much better. He wasn’t the only one
A.imagined | B.remembered | C.described | D.wondered |
A.even | B.just | C.never | D.also |
A.wish | B.suggestion | C.order | D.dream |
A.Inside | B.Under | C.Above | D.Near |
A.moved | B.bored | C.tired | D.surprised |
A.he | B.she | C.I | D.you |
A.cakes | B.salads | C.drinks | D.strawberries |
A.spread | B.work | C.develop | D.read |
A.special | B.popular | C.mportant | D.easy |
A.slowly | B.carefully | C.actually | D.honestly |
A.process | B.discussion | C.performance | D.argument |
A.crazy | B.hopeful | C.bad | D.excited |
A.although | B.if | C.because | D.since |
A.came up | B.cheered up | C.showed up | D.ended up |
A.fighting | B.planning | C.regretting | D.refusing |
4 . Do you speak a dialect (方言) in daily life? While many Chinese people speak Mandarin, some local dialects are in danger of disappearing. To save them, the Chinese government started the Chinese Language Resources Protection Project a few years ago.
This project looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. Their languages include 103 dialects that are almost gone. It has helped China to build the largest language resource library in the world. There’s an online library where people can learn dialects from over 5.6 million audio clips (音频) and over 5 million videos.
Why is it important to protect the dialect culture? According to British linguist Harold Palmer, dialects are a key to store local cultures. Language faithfully shows the history, the beliefs and the biases (偏见) of an area, he said.
Scholar Zhang Hongming talked about his concerns of the disappearing of dialeets, “For about over 10 years, in the Wu dialect areas such as Shanghai and Suzhou, children aged 6 to 15 can understand but hardly speak the dialect. Meanwhile, young people above 15 years old sometimes speak it, but not very well. If this keeps happening, the dialect might disappear,” he said.
So how did China make this big library? “A big national effort has been put into the project to make it happen,” said Cao Zhiyun, chief expert on the project. Over five years, more than 350 universities and research groups joined in, along with over 4,500 experts and more than 6,000 dialect speakers.
The project is now entering into its second part. This includes creating digital tools like apps and mobile dictionaries to help people lean dialects.
1. How does the author start the text?A.By quoting sayings. | B.By sharing a story. |
C.By stating his own experiences. | D.By asking a question. |
A.The development of Mandarin. | B.Why to protect dialects. |
C.How to develop speaking skills. | D.The disappearing of dialects. |
A.Worried. | B.Positive. | C.Indifferent. | D.Unelear. |
A.It has entered into the third part. |
B.Over 5.6 millions videos are collected in the project. |
C.It looks at how people talk in 1,712 places. |
D.Harold Palme is the chief expert on the project. |
5 . How to Maximize Your English Study Time
If you’re reading this, chances are that studying English is important to you.
Tip One: Quiz Yourself
Make yourself a vocabulary quiz and force yourself to take it.
Tip Two: Don’t Study Alone
Find a study buddy and study together. Saying information out loud will help you retain it better. Plus, doing something with another person can be more fun and pass the time faster!
Tip Three: Set Small, Attainable Goals
Having a goal in mind when you study English is helpful. You will feel encouraged and motivated when you reach your goal.
Tip Four: Do Things You Enjoy
You don’t have to sit still and have a book open in order to study a language! Find an activity you enjoy and do it in English. Watch an American movie, join an English choir, play a sport in English or compete in an English speech competition.
A.Doing something you love will help you enjoy your English study time. |
B.If you don’t know where to find a study buddy, |
C.For example, you could aim to learn 25 new vocabulary words per week. |
D.See how close your definitions are to the ones in the dictionary. |
E.Whatever it is, no matter how small it might seem, write it down. |
F.They might even like to have a go at doing the exercise. |
G.Whether you need to study English for school or work, for a big test or just because you want to improve your language skills, |
注意:
1.写作词数应为80左右;
2.可以适当增加细节,以使行文连贯 ;
3.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
How to Enlarge English Vocabulary
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________7 . You can study the English language for years and still not understand a native speaker of English when you meet one. Many language leaners know that native speakers say a lot of things that you can’t find in a dictionary. Well, here’s a secret for you: A lot of British people can’t understand each other either!
Across the UK, a number of regions have different dialects—that is, they have their own unique vocabulary and grammatical phrases. There are many different accents in London, because it is not just where a person is born in the UK that decides their accent. Language and accents also vary across social class and level of education. Hence the recent rise of a new accent coined at the end of the 20th century—“Multicultural London English”.
Other factors are also important in the invention of new accents and ways of speaking. These include the influence of people from different ethnic backgrounds and different age groups, too.
“Yoof culture” is an example. The word “yoof” is a slang spelling of “youth”. Young people are creating their own language, concepts and identity. By using words that their parents don’t understand, children can talk about things that their parents might not approve of. For example, instead of saying something like “That’s good!” or “I understand”, yoof will use a single adjective like “Safe!”, or “Sorted!” Besides, Yoof would use “kind-a-thing,” or “sort-a-thing” to replace “if you understand what I’m saying”. In this way, they are starting to find freedom, independence and self-expression.
As learners of English, we may wonder how well we can talk to a native speaker, but perhaps we should worry less about this. Research commissioned by the British Council shows that 94 percent of the English spoken in the world today is spoken among non-native speakers of the language. In fact, when we think about “international English”, there is no such thing as a native or non-native speaker. The UK no longer owns the English language.
1. What’s the function of Paragraph 1?A.To share a story. | B.To make a comparision. |
C.To show the author’s experience. | D.To introduce the topic. |
A.It’s now spoken by people around the world. |
B.It was invented by Londoners in the 1900s. |
C.It’s a modern accent that crosses educational divides. |
D.It’s a dialect specific to a particular social class. |
A.Watch out. | B.I see. | C.My pleasure. | D.Hurry up. |
A.Don’t worry if you cannot understand native speakers. |
B.Learning English well is very easy. |
C.Languages are always changing. |
D.It is important to communicate with a native speaker. |
8 . As you probably know, learning a foreign language is sometimes challenging. But it can also be fun. Learning to speak a second language opens doors to new opportunities, helps you to communicate with others and makes travelling overseas more satisfactory.
It might come as a surprise that the number of teenagers learning foreign languages in UK secondary schools has dropped by 45% since the turn of the millennium. Another survey of secondary schools suggests a third of students have dropped at least one language from their GCSE exam options. There are some reasons for this, including many students’ opinion that languages are difficult. Others have questioned the need for a second language when translation technology is advancing.
Matthew Fell, chief UK policy director for business group the CBI, believes that “The decline in language learning in schools must be reversed, or else the UK will be less competitive globally and young people less prepared for the modern world.”
Some native English speakers have admitted the benefits of speaking another tongue. Cassandra Scott, from Edinburgh, studied three languages in her final year at school. She is now a freelance translator in Edinburgh, and says “Learning languages at school really set the course for my career.”
1. How does the author show the fact that fewer people have learned foreign languages?A.By offering background information. | B.By giving specific examples. |
C.By analyzing underlying reasons. | D.By showing personal research. |
A.Developed rapidly. | B.Pushed quickly. |
C.Changed completely. | D.Maintained properly. |
A.A fulfilling overseas travel requires another foreign language. |
B.Learning languages at school may contribute to one’s future career. |
C.Native English speakers benefit more from speaking another tongue. |
D.With the translation technology, there’s no need to learn foreign languages. |
A.To criticize people’s ignorance of foreign languages. |
B.To stress the significance of learning foreign languages. |
C.To state the result of dropping learning foreign languages. |
D.To raise people’s awareness of protecting native languages. |
9 . 假如你是李华,你校校刊六月本期征文的话题是“How to improve your English study”, 请你据此写一篇文章向校刊投稿,谈谈学好英语的注意事项。 (80字左右)
要点提示:1. 课前预习;
2.认真听讲;
3. 勤做笔记。
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10 . When you go to the US, someone often says to you, “Give me five.” What should you do? Do not get five dollars from your pocket! It will make others laugh! The person is not asking for your money, but your fingers.
In the US, “give me five” or “give me the high five” is a popular gesture (手势). You can see it often in films or on TV. It means hitting each other’s right hands together.
People do it when they meet for the first time or something happy happens. For example, a student has good marks in exams. If a football team wins a game, the players will give high fives to everyone around to celebrate.
This gesture may come from the old Roman gesture of raising the right arm for the emperor (皇帝). This showed the person raising his arm did not have a sword (剑) in his hand.
Why not try to give the high five to your friends?
1. You need to use your __________ to make the gesture “give me five”.A.arms | B.heads | C.hands | D.legs |
A.make people laugh | B.show happiness |
C.ask for money | D.ask for help |
A.lose your money | B.start your lesson |
C.win a football game | D.find a difficult word |
A.old Rome | B.America | C.China | D.English |
A.Because they were the first time to see the emperor. |
B.Because they were happy to see the emperor. |
C.Because they wanted to give the emperor a welcome. |
D.Because they wanted to show there were no swords in their hands. |