1 . Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentence than you need.

Most people look forward to retirement as a time when they can finally take up activities that they never had the time or energy to pursue before.     1    . They suggest that retirees are more likely to suffer from depression and possibly higher rates of other diseases such as heart disease and high blood pressure. That’s why a new study of French workers is welcome news.

Led by Hugo Westerlund, a professor of psychology at Stockholm University, the study of more than 14,000 workers found lower rates of depression and fatigue in people after they got retired than while they were still employed.     2    . They found in the year immediately after retirement, the volunteers reported 40% fewer depressive symptoms than they had in the year before their retirement. The researchers also found an 81% drop in reports of both mental and physical fatigue over the same time period.

    3    . The decline in depressive symptoms suggests that retirement may be having a positive mental effect, too, which may have a lot to do with the generous pensions that French workers enjoy. Most retirees in that country still benefit from about 80% of their yearly salaries.

“The economic or financial situation in retirement is very important,” Westerlund says. “We don’t know if the decrease in fatigue and depressive symptoms is because of the removal of something bad while in work or the addition of something good while in retirement. But no matter the reason, if life in retirement is not comfortable, then we won’t see the improvements we did.”

    4    With less of a financial safety net, workers may no longer seem so mentally and physically happy to be out of work.

A．But some recent studies on people in their golden years are disturbing.

B．However, in European nations like France, governments are considering changes to pension plans, which may affect retirees’ health after they leave their jobs.

C．Clearly, said Westerlund, much of the decrease in physical and mental fatigue can be traced back to relief from the stresses of work.

D．Those who don’t have good social networks may not be able to get assistance if they become ill.

E．The scientists followed the employees of the French national gas and electric company for 14 years.

F．But for many, retirement means a sudden loss of many work-related social ties and a drastic decrease in activity levels.

2 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

Chinese medical expert have warned that antibiotics （抗生素）are “     1     overused” in hospitals, which may cause serious side-effects for the health of an entire generation.

According to the ministry, 70 percent of Chinese inpatients have received antibiotics, while the maximum number set by the World Health Organization is 30 percent. About 97 percent of     2     patients used antibiotics but research showed that a large number of them could avoid the need if hospitals conducted proper sanitation（公共卫生）measures.

Particularly, antibiotics are overused in the     3     of children. Nearly one third of the daily 10,000 outpatients at the Beijing children’s Hospital take intravenous drips（静脉输液）that largely contain antibiotics.

“Some doctors might lack proper training on how to     4    antibiotics in a more precise way and avoid     5    risks. Some simply want to play it safe,” said Zhu Zhenggang, president of Shanghai-based Ruijin Hospital.

The ministry     6     a nationwide campaign over the past six months to     7     the use of antibiotics. Vice Health Minister Ma Xiaowei admitted that the government faces great challenges as many public hospitals have     8     supervision on prescription（处方）safety under heavy pressure from patients.

Insiders also noted that the overuse of antibiotics was partly     9    by profit-seeking pharmacy （制药）firms.

About 60 percent of the newly     10     medicines by the State Food and Drug Administration (SFDA) last year were antibiotics. According to the SFDA, the country reported 690,000 cases of adverse drug reactions caused by abuse of medicine, including 600 deaths in 2010.

3 . Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.

It is a common sight on campus or in the streets: a young person rides by on an electric scooter, traveling quickly and proudly. But Beijing’s traffic authorities have said that starting on Sept.5, people who are caught riding electric scooters on public roads or bicycle lanes will be fined 10 yuan. They will also be given a warning not to use the vehicles on public roads again.

The announcement was made after traffic police in Shanghai started a campaign to get electric scooters off public roads, with police officers stopping riders because the scooters could cause traffic problems.

The Beijing Consumer Association said it had tested more than 20 electric scooters of different brands recently and found that most had substandard brakes. It added that 16 of the tested scooters could go faster than the maximum 20 km per hour set for electric bikes. According to the traffic police, people who ride electric scooters at certain speeds can easily bump into the vehicles in the vehicle lane and hurt people who walk in the bicycle lanes.

But seeing the benefits that electric scooters have brought to young people, experts are worried that the ban may take effect slowly.

Electric scooters are a great answer to the ‘last mile problem’ of getting from a public transport station to one’s home. They’re light enough to throw over your shoulder. They’re easy to ride just about anywhere and don’t need a lot of physical effort. The scooter can travel 25 km on one charge. It’s convenient and easy to control.

They are also good for environment. Unlike cars and buses, electric scooters produce no carbon dioxide, need no fuel and make almost no noise.

For many young people, they use them to copy cool celebrities they have seen in videos.

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the word in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

What is it about Americans and food? We love to eat, but we feel     1     about it afterward. We say we want only the best, but we strangely enjoy junk food. We’re obsessed with health and weight loss but face an unprecedented epidemic of obesity(肥胖). Perhaps the     2     to this ambivalence(矛盾情结) lies in our history. The first Europeans came to this continent searching for new spices but went in vain. The first cash crop(经济作物) wasn’t eaten but smoked. Then there was Prohibition,     3     to prohibit drinking but actually encouraging more     4     ways of doing it.

The immigrant experience, too, has been one of inharmony. Do as Romans do means eating what “real Americans” eat, but our nation’s food has come to be     5     by imports — pizza, say, or hot dogs. And some of the country’s most treasured cooking comes from people who arrived here in shackles.

Perhaps it should come as no surprise then that food has been a medium for the nation’s defining struggles, whether at the Boston Tea Party or the sit-ins at southern lunch counters. It is integral to our concepts of health and even morality whether one refrains from alcohol for religious reasons or evades meat as a political     6    .

But strong opinions have not brought     7    . Americans are ambivalent（矛盾的） about what they put in their mouths. We have become     8     of our foods, especially as we learn more about what they contain.

The     9     in food is still prosperous in the American consciousness. It’s no coincidence, then, that the first Thanksgiving holds the American imagination in such bondage(束缚). It’s what we eat — and how we     10     it with friends, family, and strangers — that help define America as a community today.