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文章大意:本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了日本学校的社团活动。

1 . Club Activities in Japanese Schools

In the after-class activities of Japanese high schools, there are various clubs. Participation depends on students; however, most students choose a certain club.     1     And there are various kinds within each type.

A recent survey showed activity participation rate (比率). In junior high schools, participation rate was around 70% in sports clubs and around 20% in culture clubs. In senior high schools, participation rate in sports clubs dropped to about 50%, and in culture clubs, rose to around 25%. One reason is that there are more kinds of culture clubs in senior high schools than in junior high schools, so there is a wider range of choices.     2    

The rate of junior high school students not choosing any club was less than 10%. However, that number more than doubled in senior high school. In recent years, the number of students not joining in any clubs is increasing. Stronger individualism, which causes unwillingness to participate in group activities, is one factor behind this change.

    3     Japanese clubs are considered “a part of education” and are different from club activities overseas. Learning teamwork is a common factor; in particular, sports clubs have a strict hierarchy (等级制度) and are useful in leaning to be polite. This is said to have influenced the way Japanese companies work, for example, with respect for seniors. Compared to sports clubs, the hierarchy in culture clubs is not as strict.     4     Besides, clubs which practice traditional Japanese martial arts and culture offer a valuable chance to learn the traditional arts firsthand. By experiencing such arts in teenage years, the chance of passing traditional culture to the next generation is large.

A.Clubs are generally divided into two types — sports clubs and culture clubs.
B.Each sports club has a teacher, but the key is placed on student independence.
C.They are places where like-minded students can improve their creativity together.
D.Culture clubs in senior high schools tend to include traditional culture activities, such as tea ceremony.
E.It is also pointed out that culture clubs offer a more casual environment than sports clubs that require long and hard practice.
F.Actually, there are many advantages of participating in club activities in Japan.
2024-01-21更新 | 32次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江区2023-2024学年高一上学期期末考试英语试卷
阅读理解-阅读单选(约450词) | 适中(0.65) |
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2 . In rich countries like America, the absence of professional waste-pickers presents a problem. The general public is not very good at sorting rubbish. Households and businesses serviced by municipal waste-management providers may actually have got worse at sorting in the past 20 years, says Peter Keller of Republic Services, America's second-biggest waste management firm, which runs Newby Island in San Jose.

Citizens of rich countries, where almost 100% of municipal waste gets collected, take such services for granted - unless the collectors go on strike (罢工),as happened in the Belgian city of Ghent in early August, leaving streets in a stink (恶臭) for days. In some industrialized nations, increasingly, residents are charged based on volume (known as "pay-as-you-throw") To encourage sorting, such schemes often exempt recyclables.

The volume of recyclables has reached 1,400 tons a day, a lot by American standards, says Mr. Keller. That should come as no surprise. After all, inhabitants of the San Francisco Bay area pride themselves on their recycling ability. San Francisco boasts a recycling rate of 80% one of the highest of any rich-world city. San Franciscans may therefore be shocked to learn that a lot of them, as Mr. Keller puts it, “aren't very good at it"

Two possible reasons account for Mr. Keller's remarks. The first is that many people do not know what is recyclable. Beer bottles and soft-drink cans are, he says. Egg cartons and magazines are not, for there is not market for the materials of which they are made. Some things are recyclable on their own, but not when combined, such as "paper" cups lined with plastic film. It is hard to blame consumers for feeling increasingly puzzled, he admits

The other problem is that residents only have to separate recyclables from non-recyclables Cans, bottles and papers are all thrown into one bin. This mix can, to some degree, be sorted at plants like Newby, enabled by clever technology which uses optical sensor;(光电感应器) and magnets to separate materials automatically. Anyway, these was no match for humans when it came to sorting.

As the volume of recyclables increased in America and Europe, the quality of recycled output decreased because everything was mixed in together. This did not trouble materials. recovery facilities (MRF) operators so long as they would offload their increasingly impure stock abroad. Then China announced it would not accept any plastics or carboard, and American waste-management companies have been struggling to find what to do with their poor-quality waste.

1. According to the passage, the biggest problem in rich countries caused by lack of professional waste-pickers is that ________.
A.waste collectors often go on strike regardless of people's needs
B.no one teaches people how to tell apart recyclable and non-recyclables
C.waste sorting by machine is far from perfect so far
D.citizens fail to deal with waste sorting properly
2. Which of the following best defines the word "exempt"(Paragraph 2)?
A.make no charge forB.set aside
C.fully expectD.set the standard for
3. What can be inferred from Mr. Keller's comments on San Franciscans" recycling ability?
A.More advanced waste sorting machines will be launched (推出) as soon as possible.
B.San Franciscans are not informed that there is no need to recycle egg cartons.
C.Recycling ability is not all about separating recyclables from non-recyclables
D.It's hard for San Franciscans to change their recycling habits in the new times
4. The paragraph that follows the passage will be probably about ________.
A.the reason why MFR is not worried about poor-quality waste
B.China's new policy to keep foreign rubbish out
C.efforts to teach residents how better to sort their rubbish
D.the components (成分) of the mixed waste in America
2021-11-16更新 | 164次组卷 | 2卷引用:上海市松江一中2021-2022学年高一上学期期中英语试题
阅读理解-六选四(约380词) | 较易(0.85) |
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3 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the sentences given below. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.

You might take a car, a bus, or a bike to school. But in Bangladesh, instead of waiting for a school bus to come down their street, many students wait for a school boat to come down the river. That’s right—these students attend school on a boat!

Bangladesh is very close to sea level.    1     The flooding creates many problems. For the nearly 160 million people living there, the periodic flooding means that they are often unable to access roads, electricity, or telephones.

Growing up in Bangladesh, Mohammed Rezwan was often troubled by these disruptions. In 1998 he founded an organization called Shidhulai. The name means “self-reliance.” The purpose of the organization is to help the people of Bangladesh receive an education and also to bring technology and an improved quality of life to poor people in remote areas of the country. In 2002, Rezwan began transforming boats into schools. Each boat was built to house between 30 and 35 students. The boats had everything you might find a in regular classroom. The only difference was that they floated on a river.

    2     Today Rezwan and his organization operate 88 boats in northern Bangladesh. About half the boats are used as schools, and the other half are used as temporary houses during the flood season. In addition to the schools and the temporary housing, there are also a floating technology and training center, a library that allows students to check out books, and a health-care center. The school boats travel along the rivers and pick up students for classes that include computer technology, agriculture, and human rights.

At night the boats provide additional learning opportunities for students and adults.     3     They study using solar lamps that are charged during the day at stations near the river. Special equipment on the boats also projects lessons onto big screens made from sailcloth. People can come down to the riverbank to watch films. In all, these boats help educate close to 90,000 families in Bangladesh.

By floating down the rivers, the school boats provide more than books.     4     “This ‘library’ boat inspired me,” said 18-year-old student Shanto. Islam, who enjoys reading science fiction books. “I started to dream.” Islam now wants to attend a university.

A.They also deliver knowledge, opportunity, and hope to all generations.
B.For this reason the land is flooded for five months of every year.
C.The designer of the boats attempts to offer easier access to education.
D.He did not want to design houses, though.
E.Both of them can attend evening courses.
F.These boats have been a great success.
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4 . When buying a smart phone, I keep my standard simple. If the device can deal with WeChat phone calls and ________ the Internet. I purchase it. If it’s over 1 000 yuan, I ________ it.   This approach to acquiring smartphones ________for me as I keep my needs basic. Aside from saving myself money,I may have also saved myself from some wounds or burns had I chosen a flawed phone. In recent news,things have been ________ for Samsung-literally.

Samsung's most recent innovation is called the Note7. Sadly, it was discontinued only 38 days after being made ________ for consumption. At first a few customers complained that their phones caught fire while being ________. Samsung being responsible launched an investigation to ________ the cases. They issued a global recall on September 1 but it was taken merely as a suggestion and not seen as ________. Yet earlier this month the tech giant gave a stronger message to worldwide customers saying all owners must stop using their Note 7s immediately.

Commercial forces encourage tech companies to push the envelope and produce new products every few months. Sometimes a conflict of interests can occur. The greed for innovation has a funny way of causing ________ for the basics- like safety-and the Note7's situation is just one example of this. The device ________ all kinds of cool features including a super-high-resolution camera an iris scanner(虹膜扫描仪) and an especially powerful ________. Ideally manufacturers should consider all relevant aspects when creating new commodities. Samsung has both the money and technical know-how to prevent such negligence. The Note7's ________ was most likely rushed in order to make more profit which ________ having the opposite effect. Time will tell how much this oversight will cost with respect to Samsung' fame and future.

________ it' s safe to assume that Samsung could eventually come back over the horizon and restore its reputation as a manufacturer of excellent smartphones if its new models have no major flaw. In an industry largely run by Apple and Samsung intense competitions will only bring more benefit to consumers. If Apple were to become the only ________ company we would be left with few options for top-of-the-line phones.

1.
A.approachB.accessC.launchD.process
2.
A.buyB.desireC.recommendD.abandon
3.
A.worksB.checksC.helpsD.adapts
4.
A.growing upB.bringing upC.blowing upD.digging up
5.
A.approachableB.responsibleC.affordableD.available
6.
A.lockedB.broadcastC.chargedD.carried
7.
A.look overB.look throughC.look upD.look into
8.
A.aggressiveB.desperateC.anxiousD.urgent
9.
A.neglectB.needC.demandD.application
10.
A.causesB.boastsC.definesD.forbids
11.
A.batteryB.screenC.technologyD.frame
12.
A.campaignB.promotionC.inventionD.release
13.
A.ended upB.served forC.acted outD.turned over
14.
A.ConsequentlyB.ThereforeC.FurthermoreD.Nevertheless
15.
A.flexibleB.ambitiousC.dominantD.feasible
2020-12-13更新 | 103次组卷 | 1卷引用:上海市松江二中2020-2021学年高一上学期期中英语试题
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5 . Directions: After reading the passage and the sentences below, fill in each blank with a proper word given in the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one more word than you need.
A. generally       B. unnecessary       C. attitudes       D. reluctant       E. respect       F. cause
G. incorrectly       H. sparkly       I. communities       J. protect       K. contributions

During the outbreak of COVID-19, almost everyone in China wears a mask to     1     themselves against the virus.However, many people in the West feel     2     to wear masks, even if there is an increasing number of their compatriots being infected.

According to the Global Times, different attitudes toward wearing masks largely lie in the cultures. In the West, what people     3     believe that unless one is already ill, wearing а mask is simply     4    .

Siva Kumar from the US is one of them. “Masks can only protect you from particulate matter in the air you breathe, but they can' t hold up microbes," Kumar told China Daily. “Wearing a mask when you’re healthy will     5     tension for others.”

US infection prevention specialist Eli Perencevich told Forbes, The average healthy person shouldn' t be wearing masks." She added, “If they wear them     6     it can increase the risk of infection because they’re touching their faces more often.”

However, for people in Asian countries like China, wearing a mask is deep- rooted in their culture.Valuing collectivism(集体主义), people in Asia always want to make     7     to the groups that they belong to. In such uncertain and potentially dangerous time, many people have taken their responsibility to wear masks to ensure the safety of their     8    .

Chen Xinjie, a media worker in Beijing, said, Wearing the mask for a long time is hot, stuffy (闷热的) and uncomfortable...But as a member of the group, it’s our duty to do so.

Influenced by social cultures, the     9     toward wearing а mask can be different in the East and West. But as US essayist Ralph Emerson once said, “We must each     10     others even as we respect ourselves.”

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