1 . Directions: Write an English composition in 120-150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese.
上海许多公园开始实行24小时向公众开放，你赞成这种做法吗?请谈谈你的看法和理由。
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2 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. network        B. specify        C. traditionally        D. ingredient       AB. uneasy AC. additional       AD. culturally       BC. block            BD. determine CD. requirement       ABC. critical

A multicultural person is someone who is deeply convinced that all cultures are equally good, enjoys learning the rich variety of cultures in the world, and most likely has been exposed to more than one culture in his or her lifetime.

A multilingual salesperson can explain the advantages of a product in other languages, but a multicultural salesperson can motivate foreigners to buy it. That’s a(an)     1     difference.

No one likes foreigners who are arrogant (自大的) about their own culture. The trouble is, most people are arrogantly monocultural without being aware of it. Foreigners sense monocultural arrogance at once and set up their own cultural barriers, which may effectively     2     any attempt by the monocultural person to motivate them.

Multiculturalism is a(an)     3     that has been neglected too often in hiring managers for international positions. Even if your company is not a multinational one, chances are you’re in touch with foreign customers or manufacturers. Do you have the right employee to build up the     4    ?

For 20-odd years, I’ve run an executive-search firm from Brussels. When clients ask us to find the right person for a new pan-European sales position, I start by asking them to     5     the qualifications their ideal candidate would have. Most often they list the same qualities they would want for a domestic position, but with the     6     requirement that the new manager be fluent enough in English, German and French to cope with faxes and email. It sometimes takes me hours to persuade clients that the linguistic abilities they see as crucial are not enough.

Of course, it’s far more difficult to     7     candidates’ multiculturalism than it is to check their language skills -- but it’s also a far more important     8     to success. I remember a company that asked me to check out a salesman they were planning to send to Mexico. He’d studied Spanish, and had grown up in New York City -- the most     9     diverse place in America. But when I interviewed him, he turned out to have no concept of the great pride Mexicans took in their culture, and moreover he was     10     about Mexican restaurants and markets being dirty and unsafe. I rejected him -- just as Mexican buyers would have if he’d been selected for the job.

4 . Some children are natural-born bosses. They have a strong need to make _________ , manage their environment, and lead rather than _________ . Stephen Jackson, a Year One student, “operates under the theory of what’s mine is mine and what’s yours is mine,” says his mother. “The other day I bought two new Star Wars Lightsabers(光剑). Later, I saw Stephen with the two _________ ones while his brother was using the beat-up ones.”

“ _________ the extended family, and you’ll probably find a bossy grandparent, aunt, uncle or cousin in every _________ . It’s an inheritable trait,” says Russell Barkley, a professor at the Medical University of South Carolina. Other children who may not be particularly bossy can gradually gain dominance _________ they sense their parents are weak, hesitant, or in disagreement with each other.

Whether it’s inborn nature or developed _________ at work, too much control in the hands of the young isn’t _________ for children or the family. Fear is at the root of a lot of bossy behavior, says family psychologist John Taylor. Children, he says in his book From Defiance to Cooperation, “have secret feelings of weakness” and “a desire to feel safe.” It’s the parents’ role to provide that _________ .

When a “bossy child” doesn’t learn limits at home, he is to face lots of troubles __________ the family. The overly willful and unbending child may have trouble __________ teachers and coaches, for example, or trouble keeping friends. It can be pretty __________ as the top dog if no one likes your bossy ways.

“I see more and more parents giving up their __________ ,” says Barkley, who has studied bossy behavior for more than 30 years. “They bend too far because they don’t want to be as __________ as their own parents were. But they also feel less __________ about their parenting skills. Their kids, in turn, feel more anxious.

1.

A．attempt

B．chances

C．decisions

D．money

2.

A．change.

B．guide

C．instruct

D．follow

3.

A．old

B．used

C．small

D．new

4.

A．Examine

B．View

C．Look

D．Notice

5.

A．aspect

B．generation

C．place

D．level

6.

A．while

B．even

C．though

D．when

7.

A．character

B．method

C．means

D．hobby

8.

A．happy

B．healthy

C．harmful

D．useful

9.

A．weakness

B．secret

C．protection

D．pressure

10.

A．outside

B．from

C．upon

D．inside

11.

A．helping

B．obeying

C．objecting

D．finding

12.

A．excellent

B．confident

C．lonely

D．proud

13.

A．study

B．decision

C．interest

D．power

14.

A．helpful

B．strict

C．polite

D．changeable

15.

A．eager

B．proud

C．helpless

D．confident

5 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. spread                 B. formal                 C. chance                  D. found             E. objective F. experience            G. divisions             H. economical          I. respect             J. replaced          K. classroom

The idea of the youth hostel(旅社)started with one man: Richard Schirrmann(1874—1961), a German school teacher, who felt that there was a need for overnight accommodation for his students in order that they could see new things and have new experiences outside the     1     .

He felt that one learns by observing, and tried to make his dream come true in the year 1909, when he started providing accommodation for his students in inns, farmhouses and the like.

The first youth hostel was opened in Schirrmann’s own school in Altena, after which it was     2     by a permanent hostel in Altena Castle. Schirrmann went on to     3     the German Youth Hostel Association in the year 1919. By this time, the idea of the youth hostel had     4     far and wide, all over the lands of Europe and further.

And then, in the year 1932, a(n)     5     organization called the International Youth Hostel was founded in Amsterdam, which consisted of youth hostels from Switzerland, Germany, Poland, the Netherlands, Norway, Britain, Ireland, France, Czechoslovakia, Denmark and Belgium. Richard Schirrmann became its chairman in 1933.

The idea of the youth hostel is for young people who are on nature trips to get     6     accommodation in exchange for some money and a helping hand with the domestic chores(家务活). These hostels were said to build character and a sense of independence, as the youth who stayed in them got the     7     to see how other people lived as well as to help to do work.

Youth hostels are also places to meet and make new friends. They have no class     8     and everyone has to do their share. Here, wealth and position does not help you gain     9     , but friendliness does. The friendlier you are, the more you learn from the     10     of staying in a youth hostel.

6 . Freedom and Responsibility

Freedom’s challenge in the Digital Age is a serious topic. We are facing today a strange new world and we are all wondering what we are going to do with it.

Some 2,500 years ago Greece discovered freedom. Before that there was no freedom. There were great civilizations, splendid empires, but no freedom anywhere. Egypt and Babylon were both tyrannies, one very powerful man ruling over helpless masses.

In Greece, in Athens, a little city in a little country, there were no helpless masses. And Athenians willingly obeyed the written laws which they themselves passed, and the unwritten, which must be obeyed if free men live together. They must show each other kindness and pity and the many qualities without which life would be very painful unless one chose to live alone in the desert. The Athenians never thought that a man was free if he could do what he wanted. A man was free if he was self-controlled. To make yourself obey what you approved was freedom. They were saved from looking at their lives as their own private affair. Each one felt responsible for the welfare of Athens, not because it was forced on him from the outside, but because the city was his pride and his safety. The essential belief of the first free government in the world was liberty for all men who could control themselves and would take responsibility for the state.

But discovering freedom is not like discovering computers. It cannot be discovered once for all. If people do not prize it, and work for it, it will go. Constant watch is its price. Athens changed. It was a change that took place without being noticed though it was of the extreme importance, a spiritual change which affected the whole state. It had been the Athenian’s pride and joy to give to their city. That they could get material benefits from her never entered their minds. There had to be a complete change of attitude before they could look at the city as an employer who paid her citizens for doing her work. Now instead of men giving to the state, the state was to give to them. What the people wanted was a   government which would provide a comfortable life for them; and with this as the primary object, ideas of freedom and self-reliance and responsibinreat wealth in which all citizens had a right to share.

Athens reached the point when the freedom she really wanted was freedom from responsibility. There could be only one result. If men insisted on being free from the burden of self-dependence and responsibility for the common good, they would cease to be free. Responsibility is the price every man must pay for freedom. It is to be had on no other terms. Athens, the Athens of Ancient Greece, refused responsibility; she reached the end of freedom and was never to have it again.

But, “the excellent becomes the permanent”, Aristotle said. Athens lost freedom forever, but freedom was not lost forever for the world. A great American, James Madison, referred to “ The capacity (能力) of mankind for self-government." No doubt he had nor an idea that he was speaking Greek. Athens was not in the farthest background of his mind, but once man has a great and good idea, it is never completely lost. The Digital Age cannot destroy it. Somehow in this or that man’s thought such an idea lives though unconsidered by the world of action. One can never be sure that it is not on the point of breaking out into action only sure that it will do so sometime.

1. What does the underlined word “tyrannies” in Paragraph2 refer to?

A．Countries where their people need help.

B．Governments ruled with absolute power.

C．Splendid empires where people enjoy freedom.

D．Powerful states with higher civilization.

2. People believing in freedom are those who ________.

A．regard their life as their own business

B．seek gains as their primary object

C．treat others with kindness and pity

D．behave within the laws and value systems

3. What change in attitude took place in Athens?

A．The Athenians refused to take their responsibility.

B．The Athenians no longer took pride in the city.

C．The Athenians benefited spiritually from the government.

D．The Athenians looked on the government as a business.

4. Why does the author refer to Aristotle and Madison?

A．The author is hopeful about freedom.

B．The author is cautious about self-government.

C．The author is skeptical of Greek civilization.

D．The author is proud of man’s capacity.

8 . When the Chinese government first sent students to America in the late 19^th century, it could not decide whether their goal should be to acquire specific technical knowledge or to _______ new ways of thinking. More than a century later, a third of a million Chinese students are enrolled at American schools and universities. Yet folks back home remain _______ about what an American degree means.

Attending an American university is a good career move. It is also _______ as a soft option for well-off kids, scared of the gaokao, China’s brutal university-entrance exams. Yet many bright Chinese youngsters explain the appeal of an American education in a remarkably _______ fashion. One place to hear such dreams is an English-language debating tournament in the central city of Wuhan. It follows a(n) _______ popular at high schools across America, known as “Public Forum Debate”.

At first sight, the event bears the stamp of _______. It uses the classrooms at a bilingual private boarding school in Wuhan with its own golf course and an ice-hockey team coached by imported Russians. But the debate is not for big-city _______. It is run by the National High School Debate League of China, which _______ contests in dozens of Chinese cities each year. This one has _______ pupils, aged 13-18, from nine cities. Many will never study overseas.

The proposition is: “Countries should give ________ to climate-change adaptation over alleviation.” An early round is won by a pair of 17-year-old girls who attend the international section of a state-run high school in Shenyang. In confident, rapid-fire English the duo argue that climate change should be treated with realism. The pair also had speeches arguing the opposite ready, in case the coin-toss had gone ________.

Unlike America, where debating clubs are ________ by shouty, self-assured boys, most contestants in the Chinese league are girls. Of its 20 highest-ranked debaters, 16 are female. In a society that is still ________-centered, the chance to argue forcefully and be applauded for it has a rare appeal, suggests Liam Mather, the league’s executive director. The winners in Wuhan are Joyce Yi and Erica Chen, from a state school in the southern boomtown of Shenzhen. Their swaggering first-round performance leaves two ________ boys open-mouthed like fish. Ms Chen initially ________ debating in English because “I’m kind of an argumentative person.” Then she realized the subtle effects of having to research both sides of an argument. Chinese education emphasizes one correct answer to a question, she says.

1.

A．absorb

B．apply

C．practice

D．spread

2.

A．assured

B．disturbed

C．divided

D．suspended

3.

A．blamed

B．punished

C．scorned

D．warned

4.

A．idealistic

B．practical

C．realistic

D．variable

5.

A．access

B．format

C．path

D．recipe

6.

A．challenge

B．democracy

C．economy

D．privilege

7.

A．amateurs

B．elites

C．inhabitants

D．migrants

8.

A．enters

B．exposes

C．issues

D．stages

9.

A．converted

B．convinced

C．drawn

D．withdrawn

10.

A．emergency

B．guarantee

C．priority

D．sympathy

11.

A．in the way

B．its own way

C．the other way

D．under way

12.

A．advocated

B．dominated

C．monitored

D．presented

13.

A．exam

B．male

C．money

D．power

14.

A．illiterate

B．ill-prepared

C．unexpected

D．unpredictable

15.

A．dreaded

B．fancied

C．ignored

D．tolerated

9 . Directions: Fill in each blanks with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. caught             B. contexts                    C. flashed                    D. flood E. migrated             F. misspelled                    G. label                           H. spot I. term                           J. trick                           K. understood

Touching the thumb and index finger to make a circle, with the remaining three fingers held outstretched, is a gesture that people around the world have made for centuries, mostly in positive     1    . But in recent years, it has been converted for a more vicious purpose – to signify “white power”. Here is how the hand gesture became a disturbing one.

The widely     2     modern use of the gesture for approval seems to have arisen along with the     3     “O.K.” in the 19^th century when Charles Gordon Greene wrote jokingly in The Boston Morning Post about it being an intentionally     4     abbreviation for “all correct”. The expression     5     on, and the hand gesture, with the fingers forming something vaguely like an O and a K, became closely linked with it.

It became connected to “white power” in early 2017 as a hoax（骗局）. Some users of 4chan, an anonymous and unrestricted online message board, began what they called “Operation O-KKK” to see if they could     6     the wider world – and especially liberals and the mainstream media – into believing that the gesture was actually a secret symbol of white power. “We must     7     twitter and other social media websites with spam, claiming that the OK hand signal is a symbol of white supremacy,” one of the users posted, going on to suggest that everyone involved create fake social media accounts to spread the notion as widely as possible.

The 4chan hoax succeeded all too well, and ceased being a hoax: Neo-Nazis, Ku Klux Klansmen and other white nationalists began using the gesture in public to signal their presence and to     8     potential sympathizers and recruits. For them, the letters formed by the hand were not O and K, but W and P, for “white power”.

A number of high-profile figures on the far right have helped spread the gesture’s racist implication by producing it conspicuously in public. The gesture has     9     beyond ironic trolling culture to become a “sincere expression of white supremacy”, which could be seen in March 2019 when Brenton Tarrant, the white supremacist accused of killing 50 people in back-to-back mass shootings at two mosques in Christchurch, New Zealand, smiled and     10     the sign to reporters at a court hearing on his case.

10 . （Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.）

Many of today’s young people have a difficult time seeing any moral element in their actions. There are a number of reasons why that’s true, but none more influential than an approach that fails to teach children the traditional moral values that bind our country together as a society and a culture. That failed approach, called “decision-making” introduced 25 years ago, tells children to decide for themselves what is right and what is wrong. It replaced “character education”, which encouraged them to practice habits of courage, justice and self-control.     1    .

Decision-making curriculums pose moral dilemmas (两难)to students, leaving them with the impression that all questions of right and wrong are in dispute.     2    .The assumption behind this method is that students will arrive at good moral conclusions if only they are given the chance. But the actual result is moral confusion. A recent national study revealed that a majority of boys considered rape to be acceptable under certain conditions. Astoundingly, many of the girls agreed.

This kind of moral illiteracy is further encouraged by values- education programs that are little more than courses in self-esteem.     3    . But it is just as reasonable to make an opposite assumption: namely, that a child who has uncritical self-regard will conclude that he or she can’t do anything bad.

Such naive self-acceptance results in large part from the non-directive, non-judgmental, as-long-as-you-feel-comfortable-with-your-choices mindset that has dominated public education for the last two and one-half decades. Many of today’s drug education, sex education and values-education courses are based on the same 1960s philosophy that helped fuel the explosion in teen drug use and sexual activity in the first place.

It is time to throw the trend of “decision making” and “non-judgmentalism” to the ash heap of failed policies and return to a proved method. Character education provides a much more realistic approach to moral formation.     4    .

A．A common approach of these programs is to provide a list of principles, pillars, values or virtues,around which themed activities are planned.

B．These programs are based on the questionable assumption that a child who feels good about himself or herself won’t want to do anything wrong.

C．A person who exhibits personal qualities a society considers desirable is considered to have good character- -and developing such qualities is often seen as a purpose of education.

D．In the 1940s, when character education prevailed, teachers worried about students chewing gum; today they worry about robbery and rape.

E．Youngsters are encouraged to question values and virtues they’ve never acquired in the first place or upon which they have only a weak hold.

F．It is built on an understanding that we learn morality not by debating it but by practicing it.