| A．To work there. | B．To visit friends. | C．To study German. |
2 . Being considered a leader in our society is indeed of high praise. Leadership means power, commands, respect and, most important, encourages achievement. Unlike vitamin C, leadership skills can't be easily swallowed down. They must be carefully cultivated.
Different from popular belief, most good leaders are made, not born. They learn their skills in their everyday lives. But which do they develop? How do they (and how can you) get others to follow?
Always give credit. Many leaders note that the most efficient way to get a good performance from others is to treat then like heroes. Giving public credit to someone who has earned it is the best leadership technique in the world. It is also an act of generosity（慷慨）that’s never forgotten.
Giving credit is more effective than even the most constructive criticism（批评）, which often hurts rather than helps. Kenneth Blanchard, the author of The One-Minute Manager, agrees, “Catch people doing something right!” he says. Then tell everyone about it.
Take in formed risks. “The best leaders know that taking a risk is not a thought less exercise,” says management adviser Marilyn Machlowitz. “Sky divers don’t go up in an airplane without checking the parachutes beforehand.”
Because the idea of risk also carries with it the possibility of failure, many of us usually wait for others to take charge. but if you want to be a leader, you must learn to fail-and not die a thousand deaths. Pick yourself up and start all over again.
Encourage enthusiasm. “When people understand the importance of work, they lend their mental strengths,” says Lee Ducat. But when they get excited about the work, all their energy gets poured into the job. That’s a great force! Is this the best way to create excitement? Be enthusiastic yourself-You will be followed by everyone.
1. The underlined word “cultivated” (paragraph 1) roughly means ________.| A．compared | B．developed |
| C．examined | D．encouraged |
| A．praise everyone |
| B．give helpful criticism |
| C．regard others as real heroes |
| D．praise people for their good performances |
| A．not be afraid of any risks |
| B．think twice before taking risks |
| C．try to avoid any possible failures |
| D．know what a thoughtless exercise is |
| A．How to Be a Leader |
| B．Not Many Can Be Leaders |
| C．Leadership Is Very Important |
| D．Leadership Is of Ski1ls and Techniques |
（1） 口语能力：
（2） 相关经验；
（3） 应聘目的。
注意：
（1） 词数80左右；
（2） 可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
| A．Take the job. | B．Refuse the offer. | C．Change the working hours. |
1. Why does the man have the talk with the woman?
| A．To get a job. |
| B．To join a sports team. |
| C．To get into a school. |
| A．How to ask for advice from teachers. |
| B．How to compete with others. |
| C．How to manager his time. |
| A．Hardworking and eager to learn. |
| B．Supportive and ready to help. |
| C．Friendly and kind-hearted. |
1. Why is the man moving to New York?
| A．He has found a new job there. |
| B．He is suffering from a serious illness. |
| C．He doesn’t like his workmates here. |
| A．The man wants their friendship to last. |
| B．The woman doesn’t want the man to leave. |
| C．They have decided to meet in New York soon. |
7 . This day marks the rising of a new food startup, the first company to be financed entirely by the crowd, and of it every business thus relies on thousands of customers to grow. Lisa, 25, its main founder and CEO, believes it will be a path that will become increasingly popular, and ultimately will produce more thriving（繁荣的）businesses from the scratch.
“In the food industry, no venture capital (VC, 风险投资) will even look at you until you’ve hit a million in sales. As a fresh hand in business, unless you’re independently wealthy, you will likely need to raise some money before then,” Lisa complained. So few businesses approached VC firms at the beginning. It was no exception with her. Thus, she turned to a new financing tool at hand, crowdfunding, to raise money from the crowd who’d like to take a bet on her company.
But for a company, it didn’t make sense to seek investments when all they had was an idea and a few months of consumer testing data. The food market is extremely competitive. No investor would put money behind a totally unproven new super food product founded by a bunch of twenty-somethings. “But we had a story. And crowds love stories.” Lisa said delightedly. So she put together an online crowdfunding campaign, explaining how she began working with this amazingly nutritious plant in the Peace Corps and then started selling it in the U.S. to support the poor in the West Africa.
On the online platform where they were to raise the money, a friend convinced them to change their goal from $20,000 to $50,000. Lisa stayed up all night worrying they wouldn’t hit it. But they reached $24,000 in 24 hours and ended their funding with $53,000. Seeing the number, Lisa said, “Thank you! To my crowd and for your belief!”
1. Why couldn’t Lisa get investments in a traditional way?| A．She lacked confidence in business. |
| B．Her food company was in poor condition. |
| C．VC demanded too much in choosing partners. |
| D．Consumers were not satisfied with her new products. |
| A．ensures the investors a good return |
| B．aims to help badly managed companies |
| C．attracts more people to become investors |
| D．helps startups deal with money shortages |
| A．twenty impractical ideas | B．young people over twenty |
| C．twenty inexperienced partners | D．a company with twenty branches |
| A．Great minds think alike. | B．Honesty is the best policy. |
| C．Many hands make light work. | D．A friend in need is a friend indeed. |
8 . How to Do Man-on-the-Street Interviews
The man-on-the-street interview is an interview in which a reporter hits the streets with a cameraman to interview people on the spot.
When your boss or professor sends you out to do man-on-the-street interviews for a story, think about the topic and develop a list of about ten general questions relating to it. For example, if your topic is about environmental problems in America, you might ask, “Why do you think environmental protection is important in America?”
Hit the streets with confidence.
Move on to the next person if someone tells you she is not interested. Don’t get discouraged.
If your news station or school requires interviewees to sign release forms to appear on the air, don’t leave work without them.
| A．Limit your time. |
| B．As you approach people, be polite. |
| C．If you don’t own a camera, you can buy one. |
| D．For new reporters, this can seem like a challenging task. |
| E．To get good and useful results, ask them the same question. |
| F．That number of interviews should give you all the answers you need. |
| G．With a question like this, you will get more than a “Yes” or “No” reply. |
9 . A young Los Angeles actor in need of a second job to pay his bills has come up with a brilliant way to supplement his income-people walking.
Chuck McCarthy originally considered becoming a dog walker to earn some extra cash, but soon realized that the job required more than walking dogs on a leash. However, walking people didn’t require much when they were out on walks. Chuck realized there was money to be made if he walked people around Los Angeles instead.
It might sound like a joke, but The People Walker, as he calls himself, is very serious about his new job. For $7 per mile, he offers to walk with clients around L.A., listening to their problems or simply making conversations and offering them a sense of security. At 6-feet, 2-inches, and sporting a bulky figure and bushy beard, Chuck doesn’t look like the kind of guy you’d want to mess with.
Chuck’s services are aimed at people who need a motivational boost to go walking, those who don’t feel safe walking alone in some areas, and those who are afraid that people might see them walking by themselves and think that they have no friends. “I wear my The People Walker shirt upon request and on the first walk with a new client, so they can be 100% sure it’s me,” McCarthy says. However, he admits some people are a bit uncomfortable with this policy, as they don’t necessarily want everyone to know that they’re being walked.
So far, Chuck McCarthy has already had another five people walkers employed, covering various areas, like downtown L.A., Hollywood, Eagle Rock, or Fairfax. Once he posted signs around the city, his phone started ringing and clients began rolling in. And with all the free publicity he has been getting in the press lately, more requests are coming.
While he hopes that his acting career will pick up soon, in the meantime Chuck is very happy with his people walking business. After all, it’s literally a walk in the park and it pays the bills.
1. What does the underlined word “supplement” in Paragraph 1 mean?| A．Save. | B．Increase. |
| C．Change. | D．Invest. |
| A．Cheering up the clients. | B．Accompanying the clients. |
| C．Buying the clients food. | D．Offering a sense of security. |
| A．To keep the walk comfortable. | B．To avoid being recognized. |
| C．To attract more new friends. | D．To keep themselves alone. |
| A．He has lost confidence in his acting career. |
| B．He hopes to find excitement in people walking. |
| C．He has inspired other people to be more creative. |
| D．He earns more as a people walker than as an actor. |
Get a high school diploma, at least. Without that, you will be occupationally dead unless your name happens to be George Bernard Shaw or Thomas Alva Edison, and you can successfully dropout in grade school.
Get a college degree, if possible. With a B. A., you are on the launching pad. But now you have to start to put on the brakes. If you go for a master’s degree, make sure it is an M.B.A., and the famous law of diminishing(逐渐减少的) returns begins to take effect.
Do you know, for instance, that long-haul truck drivers earn more per year than full professors? Yes, the average salary for those truckers was $24000 while the full professors managed to earn just $23030.
A doctorate is the highest degree you can get. Except for a few specialized fields such as physics or chemistry where the degree can quickly be turned to industrial or commercial purposes, if you pursue such a degree in any other field, you will face a future which is not bright. There are more doctors unemployed or underemployed in this country than any other part of the world.
If you become a doctor in English or history or anthropology or political science or languages or—worst of all—in philosophy, you run the risk of becoming overeducated for our national demands. Not for our needs, mind you, but for our demands.
Thousands of doctors are selling shoes, driving cars, waiting on table, and endlessly filling out applications month after month. They may also take a job in some high school or backwater(闭塞) college that pays much less than the doorkeeper earns.
You can equate the level of income with the level of education only so far. Far enough, that is, to make you useful to the gross national product, but not so far that nobody can turn much of a profit on you.
1. According to the writer, what the society expects of education is to turn out people who ______.
| A．will not be a disgrace to society |
| B．will become loyal citizens |
| C．can take care of themselves |
| D．can meet the nation’s demand as a source of manpower |
| A．they are improperly educated |
| B．they are of little commercial value to their society |
| C．there are fewer jobs in high schools |
| D．they prefer easier jobs that make more money |
| A．with diplomas |
| B．who specialize in physics and chemistry |
| C．who are valuable to the gross national product |
| D．who receive little education |
| A．Bernard Shaw didn’t finish high school, nor did Edison. |
| B．One must think carefully before pursuing a master’s degree. |
| C．The higher your education level, the more money you will earn. |
| D．If you are too well-educated, you’ll be overeducated for society’s demands. |
| A．a means of providing job security and financial security and a means of meeting a country’s demands for technical workers |
| B．a way to broaden one’s horizons |
| C．more important than finding a job |
| D．an opportunity that everyone should have |
