1 . The Masai(马赛人) are continually trying to keep their own ways in an increasingly modern world. They live along the border of Kenya and Tanzania in East Africa, moving their homes from time to time to follow their cattle, the source of their livelihood. They rely on their cattle in many parts of their life. They like drinking the cows’ milk.
They don’t kill their cattle for food. But if a cow is killed, the parts of its body are used to make containers, shoes, clothin, ropes, bed coverings and so on. Not all of the men have cows. The more cattle a man owns, the richer he is considered to be. A man who owns 50 or fewer cattle is considered poor. Rich men have a thousand or more. The cattle, though owned by the man, are considered to belong to the man’s entire family. The family names the cattle and can recognize each animal’s special voice.
The Masai men have become known as warriors(勇士), protecting their cattle against other wild animals. They wear their red long hair. Most women often take care of their children, cook food, clean clothes and make clothing at home. They also make necklaces dresses and headdresses. A few women can also become authorities once they are powerful enough. They speak a language called Maa.
The houses of Masai made from sticks and grass, which are held together with a mixture of mud, are not very firm or safe. These plain houses with some basic supplies are built in a circle and make up a Masai village. They are not meant to last long since the migration(迁徙) of the cow population means that the Masai move as well. In the meantime, in order to prevent animals from entering, they also form a wall of branches. The whole setup is to protect the cattle, which sleep at night in the middle of the village. They seem to live a natural and self-sufficient life but lack modern civilisation.
1. What do we know about the Masai?| A．They don’t move in their lives. |
| B．They each have their own cows. |
| C．They don’t kill their cattle at all. |
| D．They are heavily dependent on cattle. |
| A．Designers. | B．Authorities. |
| C．Housewives. | D．Warriors. |
| A．Modern. | B．Lasting | C．Simple. | D．Safe. |
| A．Africans: Living a Moving life |
| B．Africans: Brave People in the World |
| C．The Masai: Rich People in East Africa |
| D．The Masai: Maintaining a Traditional Lifestyle |
2 . Canada, the second biggest country in the world, has an area of about ten million square kilometres, covering most of the northern part of the North American continent and with an area larger than that of the United States. Canada lies to the southwest of Greenland. To the south, it reaches to the same latitude (纬度) as southern France. The distance from the Pacific coast in the west to the Atlantic in the east is greater than that from North America to Europe. But in spite of its size, two thirds of the population of Canada live in a narrow belt of land no more than 200 kilometres from the US border. In the southeast are the Great Lakes that lie on the border with the United States. These huge inland seas empty into the St Lawrence River, which links them with the Atlantic Ocean. The centre of government and finance is in Ontario. So are many of Canada’s industries.
Canada is a country of ten provinces and three territories (地区). The first inhabitants (居民) of Canada were North American Indians and the Inuit. France and Britain each governed Canada in the past. At that time the population of Canada was almost entirely the French, but in the next few decades, thousands of British colonists emigrated (移民) to Canada from the British Isles and from the American colonies. In 1849 the right of Canada to self-government was recognised. Today, 18 percent of Canadians still speak only French.
Canada is often called “A Land of the Future”. The country’s rich oil and mineral resources have hardly been touched. It is among the ten leading industrial nations in the world. Its capital is Ottawa and the largest city is Toronto. Other important cities include Montreal, Vancouver, Edmonton, Calgary, Winnipeg, Hamilton, and Quebec.
1. What is the passage mainly about?| A．The history of Canada. |
| B．The geography of Canada. |
| C．The industry of Canada. |
| D．All of the above. |
| A．Connects. | B．Starts. |
| C．Collects. | D．Begins. |
| A．Ottawa. | B．Toronto. |
| C．Vancouver. | D．Ontario. |
| A．It’s a developed country. |
| B．Its future is very wonderful. |
| C．Its rich resources haven’t been developed. |
| D．It’s not mentioned in the passage. |
Sarek National Park is a hidden natural treasure.
The most noted features of the park are its peaks. Several of
Sarek holds a special importance in the world, due to not only its natural beauty, but its cultural significance for the Sami. They have lived here since centuries ago. Originally, Samis
Those
1. How many topics does the report cover?
| A．8. | B．18. | C．22. |
| A．Public security. | B．New energy industry. | C．Agriculture. |
| A．Technology. | B．Science. | C．Mineral resource. |
| A．11 regional branches. | B．Over 100 institutes. | C．Both A and B. |
Ireland's beautiful countryside has always had a great influence
There is so much
7 . Everything about Pakistani (巴基斯坦的) trucks is lively, from the colors to the designs to the wood carvings on the doors. Each one is carefully decorated, and no two trucks are alike. The drivers hope people will look at their truck with love. Every driver wants his truck to be the most admired vehicle on the road.
Just off the main road between Islamabad and Rawalpindi, there are artists, welders, metalworkers, horn sellers and electricians, all busy refurbishing (整修) and decorating the massive vehicles parked in the yard. Their space, called the carriage factory area, is devoted to the maintenance and care of trucks that serve the purpose of transporting goods from one place to another while looking and sounding as impressive as possible.
Scholars have traced evidence of decorated transport in Pakistan back thousands of years. The Pakistani practice of truck painting began gaining widespread popularity soon after the country’s independence.
Trucks are covered with designs, colorful stickers and fanciful paintings—hearts, flowers, peacocks, movie stars, folk singers, animals, politicians, angels and army generals. Chains dangling off the bottom jingle and sway with the truck’s stops and turns. There are lines of poetry expressing the loneliness of the trucker.
Drivers also have their choice when it comes to the horns. In his shop, Javed Iqbal vocalizes (使发声) some of the horn sounds for visitors. Many drivers request the “rail wallah” horn, he says, the one that sounds like a train. And for those who don’t want to choose just one sound, he sells a single horn with multiple effects.
Thanks in part to the efforts of Khan, the anthropologist and filmmaker, Pakistani trucks also serve a social good. She helped launch an award-winning project in 2019 in which a small number of trucks carry portraits (画像) of missing children, along with a number to call for Roshni Helpline, a Karachi-based nonprofit dedicated to recovering them. Of the 20 or so missing children whose portraits were painted on trucks, at least five were found.
1. What can be learned about Pakistani trucks?| A．Each of them has a unique appearance. |
| B．They are usually parked off the main roads. |
| C．They are admired for their impressive roles in economy. |
| D．Some of them don’t serve the purpose of transporting goods. |
| A．They show off their talent in poetry in this way. |
| B．They follow the tradition of decorating transports. |
| C．They do it to celebrate the country’s independence. |
| D．They intend to attract the attention of potential hirers. |
| A．Many of them sound like trains. |
| B．Each truck has more than one horn. |
| C．They are fixed at the bottom part of the trucks. |
| D．Drivers have their choices as to how they want them look like. |
| A．They help find missing children. |
| B．They transport goods for those in need. |
| C．They appear in public service advertising. |
| D．They spread ideas of non-profit organizations. |
1. How many meetings are there every workday in the U.S.?
| A．About 11,000. | B．About 110,000. | C．About 11,000,000. |
| A．To find better ideas. | B．To have a good time. | C．To meet more people. |
| A．Present their ideas. |
| B．Host the meeting in turn. |
| C．Make use of others’ money. |
| A．By advanced planning. |
| B．By dividing into groups. |
| C．By having a good chairman. |
9 . Can you imagine living without cars, computers or telephones? Some people in the rainforest and mountains of Venezuela and Brazil do just that. One tribe, the Yanomami, has lived the same way for thousands of years. They only have numbers for one, two and more than two, and they have never invented the wheel. But they have also been called some of “the last free people on earth.”
In the late 1920s, researchers found a tribe of people untouched by modern society. This was the first reported meeting with the Yanomami, who were living deep within the South American jungle.
Scientists agree that their location deep in the forest helped their culture unchanged. Until recently, most Yanomami still lived in isolated regions. Everything they needed came from the rain forest. They hunted, fished and farmed the land. Then a discovery brought the outside world to them. And along with it came deadly changes.
Gold was discovered in Yanomami in the 1970s. By 1987, around 80, 000 miners had moved into the area. In a fight to take over the land, they killed some Yanomami. They also brought into new sicknesses, including the common cold and malaria. Today over 62 percent of Yanomami show signs of malaria.
Just as deadly were the results of mining, including polluted streams and cleared forests. Within just seven years their population fell by 20 percent.
Today governments and international organizations are looking for ways to protect the Yanomami. The Brazilian government has reserved a large area of land for the tribe. And in 1990, Brazil ordered all the miners out of Amazon region. Yet these things might not be enough. Gold is so valuable that miners keep going back and harming the Yanomami's way of life.
1. When was the existence of the Yanomami first discovered?________.| A．In the 1970s | B．In the late 1920s | C．In 1987 | D．In 1990 |
| A．The Yanomami is the only remaining "untouched" people on earth. |
| B．Most Yanomami know the exact meaning of the number 8. |
| C．The Yanomami learned to use wheels long before. |
| D．Before miners arrived, the Yanomami had never suffered from malaria. |
| A．They starved to death | B．They were killed in the fight |
| C．Their living environment was destroyed | D．They were killed by the new illnesses brought by miners |
| A．The discovery of gold is beneficial to the Yanomami |
| B．Gold mining made no difference to the Yanomami |
| C．Miners are a great threat to the protection of the Yanomami |
| D．Nowadays no miners remain in Amazon Region |
In March, Finland was named as
According to CNN, mutual (相互的) trust is one of the main reasons. In 2020, the whole world
“One possible
Finland’s natural environment also plays
“Finnish happiness isn’t skin deep and immediately
