牛津译林版 2020 必修一

Unit2   Welcome-Reading 课中

一、 重点单词讲解与练习

1. battle /ˈbætl/ n. & vt. & vi. 争论;战斗，搏斗;斗争   

【原句背诵】

Does every dinner with your parents seem to turn into a battle?

【联想拓展】

the battle of Waterloo 滑铁卢战役

a battle against/for sthg. 奋斗

a battle with sb. for sthg. 和某人较量/争斗

battle with/against sb. for sthg. 奋斗;争斗

battle it out   打出胜负，奋力争夺       

【经典例句】She has fought a constant battle with her weight. 她一直在和自己的体重作斗争。

【翻译句子】

2. argument /ˈɑːɡjumənt/ n. 争吵，争论;论点

【原句背诵】

Heated arguments and cold silences are common between teenagers and their parents.

【联想拓展】

①argument with sb. over/about sthg.和某人争论某事

argument for/against sthg. 支持/反对某事

②argue /ˈɑːɡjuː/ vi. 争吵，争辩，争论vt. 说理，论证   

【原句背诵】

Recently we have argued with each other a great deal.

【联想拓展】

argue with sb. over/about sthg.和某人争论某事

argue for/against (doing) sthg. 支持/反对某事

【误区】由动词argue变名词argument时，要去掉字母e。

We had an argument with the waiter about the bill. 我们和服务员就账单发生了争吵。

【经典例句】

①The doctors have set out their arguments against the proposals. 医生们已经说明了反对这些提案的理由。

②We’re always arguing with each other about money. 我们总是为钱吵嘴。

③They argued for the right to strike. 他们据理力争罢工的权利。

【翻译句子】

3. spot /spɒt/ n. 粉刺;斑点;污渍;地点，场所

You might worry about your changing voice, weight problems or spots.

【联想拓展】

a tourist spot 旅游景点

a spot of 少许;一点;少量

on the spot当场;现场;在原地

put sb. on the spot(提出难题)使某人尴尬，使某人为难

【熟词生义】v. 发现;看出;注意到

【经典例句】

①I finally spotted my friend in the crowd. 我终于在人群中看见了我的朋友。

②I’ve just spotted a mistake on the front cover. 我刚才在封面上发现了一处错误。

③The baby’s whole body was covered in small red spots. 当时这孩子浑身布满小红疙瘩。

④He answered the question on the spot. 他当场就回答了那个问题。

⑤James was called to see the producer and got the job on the spot. 詹姆斯被叫去见那个制片人，当即得到了那份工作。

④The interviewer’s questions really put him on the spot. 采访者的问题使他很下不来台。

【翻译句子】

4. mental /ˈmentl/ adj. 思想的，精神的，智力的   

【原句背诵】It can be a big headache to balance your developing mental needs too.

【联想拓展】

mental health   心理健康

mental state   精神状态

mental illness/disease   精神病

mental disorder   精神病;心理失常

mental development/process   心智发展;心理发展过程

mental stress/pressure   精神紧张，心理压力

the mental process of remembering 记忆的心理过程

mentally adv. 精神上;心理上

【反义词】

physical adj. 物理的;身体的

physically adv. 身体上地;根本上       

He has a complete mental block (= difficulty in understanding or remembering) when it comes to physics. 他对物理一窍不通。

【经典例句】

The intellectual environment has a significant influence on the mental development of the children. 知识环境对孩子智力的发展有着重大的影响。

【翻译句子】

5. desire /dɪˈzaɪəI/ n. & vt. 渴望，希望

【原句背诵】

You have both a new desire for independence and a continued need for your parents’ love and support.

【联想拓展】

have a desire for/to do sthg. 有欲望做某事

a strong desire for power 强烈的权力欲

enough money to satisfy all your desires

足够的钱来满足你所有的欲望       

【经典例句】

①I had a strong desire to help and care for people. 我有一股强烈的帮助和关心别人的愿望。

②We all desire health and happiness. 我们都渴望健康和幸福。

【翻译句子】

6. regular /ˈreɡjələ(r)/ adj. 频繁的;有规律的

【原句背诵】

The key to keeping the peace is regular and honest communication.(英译汉)

【拓展】

(1)

regular breathing 均匀的呼吸

a regular pulse/heartbeat 正常的脉搏╱心跳

regular meetings/visits 例行会议╱访问

a regular customer老主顾

a regular visitor 常客

【熟词生义】regular作名词用时，意思是“常客;正式队员;中坚分子”。

He’s one of our regulars. 他是我们的一位老主顾。

(2)

regularly adv. 定期地;有规律地;整齐地;匀称地

regularity n. 规则性;整齐;正规;匀称

regularization n. 规则化;调整;合法化

regularize vt. 调整;使有秩序;使合法化       

【经典例句】

①A light flashed at regular intervals. 一盏灯有规律地闪着亮光。

②There is a regular bus service to the airport. 有班车定时发往机场。

【翻译句子】

7. concern /kənˈsɜːn/ n. 担心，忧虑;关心vt.   涉及;让(某人)担忧

【原句背诵】

After you have thought it through, explain your actions and feelings calmly, listen carefully, and address their concerns.

【联想拓展】

concern oneself   从事,忙于(常与with, about, in, over连用)关心，关注，关切，挂念，担心，忧虑

concern about   对……表示担心/忧虑;使(自己)关心……

concern oneself in 干预;从事(参与;从事参与);干涉

public concern   公众关注

primary concern   主要关心的事

with concern   关切地

show one’s concern for   对……表示关心或忧虑

of no concern   无关紧要，没有意义

issue of common concern   共同关心的问题

as far as one concerns 就……而言

【误区】concerning常用作介词，意思是“关于;涉及”。       

【经典例句】

①Don’t interfere in what doesn’t concern you.不要管与自己无关的事。

②Where our children’s education is concerned, no compromise is acceptable.在事关我们的孩子的教育问题上，那是毫无妥协余地的。

③The individuals concerned have some explaining to do.涉及到的每个人都要作出一些解释。

④The book is primarily concerned with Soviet-American relations during the Cold War.这部书主要讲的是冷战时期的苏美关系。

⑤What concerns me is our lack of preparation for the change.让我担心的是我们对事态的变化缺乏准备。

【翻译句子】

二、在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。