牛津译林版 2020 必修一

Unit4   Welcome-Reading 课中

一、重点单词讲解与练习

1. skip /skɪp/ vt.不做（应做的事情等）；跳过；vi.蹦蹦跳跳地走；略过

【原句背诵】

Carol often skips breakfast.

【联想拓展】

skip off/out 溜走；突然离去

skip over   略过；遗漏；作短期旅行

【经典例句】

①It is important not to skip meals. 重要的是，不能不吃饭。

②They saw the man with a little girl skipping along behind him. 他们看到那个男人身后跟着一个蹦蹦跳跳的小女孩。

③She decided to skip the afternoon’s class. 她决定下午的课不去上了。

【翻译句子】

2. immediately /ɪˈmiːdiətli/ adv.立即，马上conj.一……就

【原句背诵】

Jennifer was found to have dangerously low blood sugar levels and was treated immediately.

【误区】

当immediately作连词时，意思是“一……就……”，相当于as soon as。       

【经典例句】

①The point of my question may not be immediately apparent. 我的问题的要点可能不是一下子就能看出来的。

②Immediately she’d gone, I remembered her name. 她刚走开我就想起了她的名字。

【翻译句子】

3. concentrate /ˈkɒnsntreɪt/ vi. & vt.集中（注意力、思想等）；全神贯注

【原句背诵】

She told me she had trouble concentrating in class.

【联想拓展】

concentrate (sth) (on sth/on doing sth) 集中（注意力）；聚精会神

concentration n. 集中；专心；浓缩

a need for greater concentration on environmental issues 更加关注环境问题的必要性       

【经典例句】

①I can’t concentrate with all that noise going on. 吵闹声不绝于耳，我无法集中精神。

②I decided to concentrate all my efforts on finding somewhere to live. 我决定全力以赴找个住的地方。

【翻译句子】

4. slim /slɪm/ vi.变苗条，减肥adj.苗条的；微薄的，小的

【原句背诵】

In a society where being thin is often seen as being beautiful, teenagers sometimes turn to extreme methods to slim down quickly.

【联想拓展】

a slim figure/body/waist 苗条的体形╱身材；纤细的腰肢

a slim chance of success 成功的可能性不大

【经典例句】

①How do you manage to stay so slim? 你是怎样把身材保持得这么苗条的？

②You can still eat breakfast when you are slimming. 你减肥也可以吃早饭嘛！

③They’re restructuring and slimming down the workforce. 他们正对职工加以重组和裁减。

【翻译句子】

5. concerned /kənˈsɜːnd/ adj.担心的，忧虑的；关注的，关切的(45)

【原句背诵】

Health experts are concerned about these figures.

【联想拓展】

be concerned with/about 关心；关切，关注

be concerned about/for   忧虑；担忧

concerning prep. 涉及；关于

as/so far as…concerned 就……而言

【误区】

表示“与……有关”，concerned常放在所修饰的词之后。

the parties concerned   当事人；有关方面；协议双方；当事者

authorities concerned   有关当局；主管部门       

【经典例句】

①The President is deeply concerned about this issue. 总统对这个问题深感担忧。

②We are chiefly concerned with improving educational standards. 我们主要关心的是提高教育水平。

③He asked several questions concerning the future of the company. 他问了几个有关公司前途的问题。

④All cases concerning children are dealt with in a special children’s court. 所有涉及儿童的案件均由儿童特别法庭审理。

【经典例句】

6. effect /ɪˈfekt/ n.效果，作用；影响

【原句背诵】

They are increasing their efforts to educate teenagers about the side effects of losing weight too quickly.

【联想拓展】

side effect 副作用

negative effect   负面影响；负效应；负磁力效应

positive effect   积极的效果；明显效果

in effect   实际上；生效

economic effect   经济效益，利用效果；经济效应

treatment effect   治疗效果；处理效应

take effect   生效；起作用

cause and effect   因果关系；原因与结果

put into effect   执行

have effect on/upon   生效；对……有作用；对……有效果

effective adj. 有效的；实际的；起作用的

effectiveness n. 有效性；效果       

【经典例句】

①Parents worry about the effect of music on their adolescent’s behaviour. 家长们担心音乐对于其青少年子女行为的影响。

②Does television have an effect on children’s behaviour? 电视对孩子的行为有影响吗？

③Her criticisms had the effect of discouraging him completely. 她批评的结果是使他完全丧失了信心。

④Aspirin is a simple but highly effective treatment. 阿司匹林药片治疗方法简便，效果却非常显著。

⑤The new speed limit on this road becomes effective from 1 June. 这条路上新的限速规定自6月1日起生效。

⑥Several studies show that the effectiveness of a certain drug often depends on the patient's expectations of it. 几项研究表明，某种药物的疗效往往取决于病人对它的期望。

【经典例句】

7. function /ˈfʌŋkʃn/ vi.起作用，正常工作，运转n.作用，功能，职能

【原句背诵】

She pointed out that it is important to have a healthy balanced diet since teenagers are still growing and their bodies need a lot of nutrition to function well.

【联想拓展】

function as…起……作用；具有……功能

functional adj. 功能的       

【经典例句】

①Despite the power cuts, the hospital continued to function normally. 尽管供电中断，医院继续照常运作。

②The sofa also functions as a bed. 这沙发还可当床用。

③The main function of the investment banks is to raise capital for industry. 各投资银行的主要作用是为产业筹集资金。

【经典例句】

8. energetic /ˌenəˈdʒetɪk/ adj.精力充沛的，充满活力的

【原句背诵】

She added, “What’s more, they should keep regular hours and get plenty of exercise to stay energetic and fit.

【联想拓展】

energy n. 能量；精力；活力；精神

full of energy

energetically adv. 积极地；精力充沛地       

【经典例句】

①He seemed a dynamic and energetic leader. 他看来是个富有创新力与活力的领导。

②Keeping a proper balance between study and rest keeps us energetic. 在学习和休息之间保持适当的平衡，能使我们精力充沛。

③You should exercise more so as to keep energetic and you can work efficiently. 你应该多运动以保持精力充沛，才可以有效地工作。

【经典例句】

9. within /wɪˈðɪn/ prep.在（某段时间）之内；在（某段距离、范围）之内；在……里

【原句背诵】

The doctor helped me and I made a full recovery within two days.

【反义词】

beyond prep. 在……另一边；超过，越过

【经典例句】

①The exercise was beyond the abilities of most of the class. 这个练习超出了班上大多数学生的能力。       

②You should receive a reply within seven days. 你会在七天之内收到答复。

③The ambulance arrived within minutes of the call being made. 打电话后几分钟内救护车就到了。

④The noise seems to be coming from within the building. 吵闹声像是从楼房里传出来的。

【经典例句】

10. rather /ˈrɑːðə(r)/ adv.相反，而是；相当；更准确地说

【原句背诵】

From now on, I’ll pay more attention to my health rather than my weight.

【联想拓展】

or rather更确切地说；倒不如说

rather than而不是

world rather …than…宁可……而不……       

【经典例句】

①She fell and hurt her leg rather badly. 她跌倒了，腿伤得相当重。

②It was a rather difficult (rather a difficult) question. 这是个相当难的问题。

③She worked as a secretary, or rather, a personal assistant. 她当了秘书；确切地讲，是私人助理。   

④Why didn’t you ask for help, rather than trying to do it on your own? 你干吗非得自己干，而不请人帮忙？

【经典例句】

二、语法填空