1 . You may not have heard the words “fresh-man fifteen” before, but they are very important for students who are entering university. A freshman is a first-year college student. “Fifteen” refers to fifteen pounds, the fifteen pounds added to a student’s weight in his or her first year. There are a number of reasons why first-year university students gain (增加) the weight, but it’s encouraging to know that fresh-men don’t have to add these harmful fifteen pounds.
Mistakes choosing food
University kitchens serve many kinds of food. Some students choose unhealthy food, because now their parents are not nearby to help them choose. Some students visit the kitchen many times while studying. Late at night, some students get harmful fast food such as fish and chips with Coke to drink. Students also have less time for walking, running, and doing sports because of their schoolwork.
Eating right
If you’re careful, you don’t have to add fifteen pounds. Here are some ideas:
● Think more about what you eat.
● Eat plenty of vegetables and healthy meats.
● Don’t eat desserts full of sugar, have fruit after dinner.
● Try not to eat so much unhealthy food while you study.
● It’s all right to have a little fast food sometimes, but not often.
● Write down the foods you eat.
● Walk, run, do sports and you will feel better!
Remember that the “freshman fifteen” can happen to anyone. Talk to your friends about it. Together, try to eat healthy food and not to eat unhealthy food. Walking, running, and playing sports is always more fun with friends. Help each other and you can have a healthy and happy freshman year.
1. The “freshman fifteen” is ________.| A．weight that high school students gain |
| B．weight that first-year university students can gain |
| C．fifteen pounds of food that first-year students eat |
| D．fifteen students who eat unhealthy food |
| A．get students ready to gain fifteen pounds |
| B．sell healthy food to new students |
| C．help new university students not to gain fifteen pounds |
| D．show the mistakes students make in studying |
| A．Choosing unhealthy food. |
| B．Visiting the kitchen while studying. |
| C．Getting fast food at night. |
| D．Eating too much chocolate. |
| A．4 | B．5 | C．6 | D．7 |
| A．You’d better not eat unhealthy food. |
| B．Not eating unhealthy food is easier with friends’ help. |
| C．Gaining fifteen pounds can help you study better. |
| D．Some students can eat anything they want. |
2 . The weather is getting hotter. You are thirsty for playing basketball or riding home from school. A cold drink may be just the thing. But be careful what you are drinking. Something that looks cool may not be good for your health.
There are plenty of “energy drinks” on the market. Most of them have beautiful colors and cool names. The lists on them tell you they are helpful to your health. Sounds great! But after a careful check you may find that most energy drinks have lots of caffeine（咖啡因）in them. These drinks are especially aimed at young people, students, busy people and sports players. Makers sometimes say their drinks make you better at sports and can keep you awake. But be careful not to drink too much．
Caffeine makes your heart beat fast. Because of this, the International Olympic Committee has limited its use. Caffeine in most energy drinks is at least as strong as that in a cup of coffee or tea. Possible health dangers have something to do with energy drinks. Just one box of energy drink can make you nervous, have difficulty sleeping and can even cause heart problems. Scientists say that teenagers should be discouraged from taking drinks with a lot of caffeine in them.
1. Why does the International Olympic Committee limit caffeine’s use?| A．Because most energy drinks have lots of caffeine in them． |
| B．Because caffeine is helpful to people’s health． |
| C．Because caffeine makes your heart beat fast． |
| D．Because scientists say that people should be discouraged from taking caffeine． |
| A．heart problems | B．nervousness | C．sleeping trouble | D．A、B and C |
| A．advertisements are important in getting people to buy energy drinks |
| B．energy drinks are helpful to teenagers’ study |
| C．sports players need to drink a lot of energy drinks |
| D．energy drinks are especially aimed at teenagers |
| A．What’s the Use of Energy Drinks? | B．Who Can Drink Energy Drinks? |
| C．What’s That in Energy Drinks? | D．Why Can’t We Buy Energy Drinks? |
3 . Have you ever noticed how many calories (卡路里) you eat in a day? There is a special convenience store opened in the Chengdu Youth Palace. If you “shop” there, you can find out how many calories there are in different foods.
The store was opened on May17th, 2022. It’s part of the “Know Your Food” program of the UNICEF. The purpose of the program is to make children and young people know more about foods and help them make healthy choices about their diet.
Instead of real foods, many imitation (仿制) snacks are put on the shelves in the store, including candies, sugary drinks and latiao. People can take them to the self-service counter (柜台) to see how many calories they have. In addition, the store offers many models and cartoons to help people understand which foods are very good for them and which foods they should eat less often.
At present, obesity (肥胖症) has become a serious problem among children. It is shown that nearly 20% of children between 6 and 17 years of age, and over 10% of children under the age of 6 in China are overweight. Experts also point out that the increasing availability of cheap, highly processed foods and drinks can lead to the rapid growth of children who are overweight.
Being overweight is known to have many bad influences, such as having a higher risk of getting disease and a higher risk of developing emotional and behavioral problems. Such a store helps to remind children to care about what they eat. At the same time, similar stores are opened in other cities, such as Weihai in Shandong Province.
1. What makes the convenience store special?| A．There are many special models. | B．It’s very popular among young children. |
| C．It helps people know the calories in food. | D．It’s the only store of its kind in the country. |
| A．To meet people’s daily needs. | B．To offer a place for students to relax. |
| C．To introduce some unusual foods to people. | D．To help children develop good eating habits. |
| A．Customers. | B．Sweet drinks. | C．Real foods. | D．Foods people chose. |
| A．Almost one in five Chinese children aged 6 to 17 are overweight. |
| B．Highly processed foods have little influence on children. |
| C．Being overweight is the most serious problem for Chinese children. |
| D．Over 10% of Chinese children under 6 are overweight. |
| A．It’s possible to develop behavioral problems. | B．People are easier to be emotional ill. |
| C．Children can’t enjoy different kinds of delicious food. | D．Having a higher risk of getting disease. |
| A.In general, kids and teens that eat breakfast have more energy and do better in school.Without breakfast, people can get tired. So, try to make time for your breakfast. B.Some drinks like Coke and fruit juice are usually high in calories and sugar, which can cause weight problems. Besides, they may also bring you bad teeth. Stay away from them and drink water instead. C. It is important to have good habits of having meals. Especially for children. A bad eating habit may cause serious health problems. For example, eating in front of the TV or computer often leads to mindless overeating. D. Drink water in a healthy way. The water you drink helps get rid of the waste of your body.But too much is as bad as too little. Stop drinking water 30 minutes before a meal and wait for 2 hours after a meal. E. Listen to your body. Ask yourself if you are really hungry and need more food. It actually takes a few minutes for your brain to tell your body that it has had enough food. Stop eating before you feel full. F. Busy people always rush through their meals,forgetting to enjoy the food and feel the taste of what is in their mouths. Take time to enjoy the food and your mealtimes. G. Don’t eat too much before going to bed. Your body needs a long rest at night, including your stomach. Don’t give it too much burden (负担). |
5 . 
It’s hard to say no to hamburgers, French fries and all of the other junk food. However, eating too much junk food can harm your body, especially if you’re between the ages of 10 and 19. “Junk food shapes teenage brains in ways that harm their ability to think, learn and remember. It can also make it harder to control impulsive (冲动的 ) behaviors,” said Amy Reichelt, at Western University, Canada. “It may even raise a teen’s risk of mental (精神上的) problems.”
Reichelt and two other researchers reviewed more than 100 studies, about how poor food choices can affect teenage brains. They found teenagers are more sensitive (敏感的) than any other age group to foods with a lot of fat and sugar as their brains are not yet fully formed.
Teenage brains are still developing the ability to notice risks and control actions. The prefrontal cortex (前额皮质) is the part of the brain that tells us we shouldn’t eat chips all the time and helps us control ourselves. However, this part doesn’t fully develop until we are in our early 20s.
Meanwhile, teen brains get more excited from rewards (奖励). The parts of the brain that make us feel good when we do something enjoyable — like eating tasty foods — are fully developed by the teen years.
In fact, these parts are even more sensitive when we are young. That’s because dopamine (多巴胺 ), a natural chemical that makes us feel happy when we experience something good, is especially active in teenage brains.
Therefore, the teen brain has two attacks against it when it comes to saying no to junk food. “It has an increased drive for rewards and reduced self-control,” said Reichelt.
Reichelt and her team did their own study using mice, whose brains develop much like our own. They discovered that “teenage” mice that had high-fat foods performed worse on memory tests than those eating normal foods. Researchers said the high-fat foods may make the mice’s prefrontal cortex work less effectively.
So, what’s the best way to say no to junk food? The answer is exercise. When we exercise, the brain becomes less sensitive to food, besides this, it also helps our brains grow and become better able to make wise decisions and control our behaviors.
1. What does the first paragraph mainly talk about?| A．What problems are caused by junk food. |
| B．What junk food teenagers like most. |
| C．How junk food harms teenage brains. |
| D．How junk food shapes teenage brains. |
| A．Teenagers are less sensitive than any other age group to junk food. |
| B．Junk food may make people’s prefrontal cortex work less effectively. |
| C．Dopamine helps our brains become better able to make wise decisions. |
| D．The prefrontal cortex makes us happy when we do something enjoyable. |
| A．Teenage Brains | B．Healthy Food for Teenagers |
| C．Food for Thought | D．Exercise: the Best for Brains |
6 . Dr. Carle believes that the food people eat has some chemical relationship with their blood types. If people follow the diet, they will get more energy, become healthier, and even lose weight.
◆ Blood Type O
People with blood type O can digest（消化） meat and vegetables well. They should eat more beef, chicken and fish if they want to lose weight. However, only eating rice and beans isn’t helpful to them at all.
◆ Blood Type A
People with blood type A should eat more fruit and vegetables if they want to lose weight. Meat isn’t digested easily in their bodies, so they should eat less meat.
◆ Blood Type B
People with blood type B should eat fewer noodles because they easily make them fat. Meat, milk and vegetables are good for them to lose weight.
◆ Blood Type AB
About 9% of the people around the world have blood type AB. The number is much lower than types A, B, and O. It is healthier for them to eat vegetables, fruit and eggs to go on a diet but they should eat less meat.
1. Dr. Carle is _________.| A．an IT engineer | B．a health scientist |
| C．a bookstore manager | D．a famous singer |
| A．healthy | B．energetic | C．slim | D．All above |
| A．more beef, chicken and fish | B．less rice and fewer beans |
| C．more fruit and vegetables | D．less bread and fewer eggs |
| A．Type A. | B．Type B. | C．Type O. | D．Type AB. |
| A．people with different blood types should eat different food |
| B．all people should eat less meat than vegetables and fruit |
| C．only eating rice and beans isn’t good for all people |
| D．people with blood type A and type B should eat less meat |
7 . No one can avoid all illnesses. However, having a healthy diet, exercising and getting enough rest can help protect you from developing noncommunicable (非传染性的) diseases.
Healthy foods keep your body strong, but unhealthy foods do not. Most ice cream has a lot of sugar in it. Most chips can have a lot of fat and salt in them. Junk food gets its name because it has little nutritional (营养的) value.
Enough rest is an important part, too. Only when people have enough rest can their tired body be relaxed.
根据材料内容，从下面五个选项中选出能填入文中空缺处的最佳选项，使文章意思通顺，内容完整。
| A．Exercise helps you stay healthy. |
| B．It is important to have a healthy diet. |
| C．Besides, it often includes lots of salt and sugar. |
| D．These foods help fight off many kinds of diseases. |
| E．Doing all of these things can help you prevent illness. |
8 . Today, more and more people care about their health. But how can we stay healthy?
First of all, it helps to do some exercise every day. Doing exercise helps your lungs (肺部) work harder and your heart beat faster. This makes your heart stronger and cuts down on your risk of heart disease. You can start with some daily exercises, such as walking, running and dancing to music. You can also play ball games, including basketball, volleyball, ping pong and more.
Second, what you eat is also important. According to doctors, you’d better eat more fruits and vegetables and less meat. This is because meat has more fat in it. When too much fat builds up in your body, it can block your blood flow (阻塞血液流动). This can lead to a heart attack (心脏病发作).
Finally, ________, such as going to bed too late. You may clearly know the dangers of such habits. What you need to do is make up your mind to change yourself. If you follow these tips, you are sure to become a healthier, stronger person!
1. Doing more exercise can help people have ________.①healthier lungs
②a stronger heart
③a slower heartbeat
④a smaller chance of having a heart attack
| A．①③ | B．①②④ | C．②③④ | D．①②③④ |
| A．you sleep late | B．your body fat high |
| C．your blood flow fast | D．your lungs work slowly |
| A．start to do exercise at once | B．get up early in the morning |
| C．say no to bad habits | D．set a good time to go to sleep |
| A．Reasons for exercising | B．Different opinions on health |
| C．Ways to keep your body healthy | D．The importance of having a healthy diet |
 Handwashing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from getting sick. How Germs (细菌) Spread Washing hands can keep you healthy and prevent the spread of some illnesses. Germs can spread when you: ·Touch your eyes, nose, and mouth with unwashed hands ·Prepare or eat food and drinks with unwashed hands ·Touch objects that have germs on them ·Spit (吐痰) everywhere ·Blow(擤) your nose or cough into hands and then touch other people’s hands or common objects ▲ You can help yourself and your loved one stay healthy by washing your hands often. Especially you are likely to get and spread germs: ·Before, during, and after preparing food ·Before and after eating food ·Before and after caring for someone at home who is sick ·Before and after treating a cut ·After using the toilet ·After touching an animal, animal feed,or animal waste ·After dealing with pet food or pet treats ·After touching rubbish If you have some trouble, please click www. bluehealth. com for more information. |
| A．To keep pets. | B．To wash hands. |
| C．To eat healthy food. | D．To stay with family. |
a.
b. 
c. 
d. 
| A．abc | B．bed | C．abd | D．acd |
| A．Time to Wash Hands | B．Reasons to Wash Hands |
| C．Ways to Wash Hands | D．Places to Wash Hands |
| A．By asking doctors. | B．By watching TV. |
| C．By reading a medicine book. | D．By searching on the Internet. |
| A．In a science and technology book. | B．In a business newspaper. |
| C．In a health magazine. | D．In a storybook. |
10 . Following four simple steps at home can help protect you and your loved ones from food poisoning（中毒）.
1 : Wash often under running water
•Wash your hands for at least 20 seconds with soap before, during and after preparing food, and before eating. Always wash hands after dealing with uncooked meat, chicken, seafood or eggs.
•Wash the cooking tools, cutting boards with soap and hot water after preparing each kind of food.
2 : Stop keeping food together
Uncooked meat, seafood and eggs can spread germs（细菌）to ready-to-eat food unless you keep them separate.
•Keep them away from other foods when you go shopping and keep them separate from all other foods in the fridge when you store them.
•Use one cutting board for meat and seafood, and a separate cutting board for bread and other foods that won’t be cooked.
3 : Cook food to the right temperature
Food is safely cooked when the internal temperature gets high enough to kill germs that can make you sick. Different foods need to be heated to different temperatures to keep them safe.
4 : Make food cold at the correct time
Germs grow rapidly if left at room temperature or between 8°C and 60°C. Keep your fridge at 8°C or below and your freezer（冷藏室）at 0°C or below, and know when to throw food out before it goes bad. For example, the right temperature for ham is at 8°C or below, but do not freeze, or it will go bad.
1. What is the proper word for #1, #2, #3 and #4 separately?① Separate ② Clean ③Chill（冷藏） ④Cook
| A．①-②-③-④ | B．④- ③-②- ① | C．②-①-④-③ | D．③-④-①-② |
| A．Under running water. | B．With hot water. | C．For half a minute. | D．After having meals. |
| A．Uncooked meat, seafood or eggs shouldn’t be kept together with other foods because they need different cutting boards to cut on. |
| B．The higher the temperature is, the better it kills germs in food. |
| C．Germs can’t grow rapidly when the temperature is about 50°C. |
| D．Frozen（冰冻的）food may still go bad. |
| A．A shopping poster. | B．A biology textbook. | C．A dining guide. | D．A health magazine. |
