1 . During the outbreak of novel coronavirus, cities are locked down and borders are closed. Science, on the contrary, is becoming more open. And this “open science” is already making a difference.

Soon after the epidemic started in China, a research team from Fudan University in Shanghai successfully sequenced（测定序列）the DNA of the virus. But they didn’t keep the information to themselves. Instead, they placed the sequences on GenBank, an open-access data platform, so researchers around the world could download them for free and start studying the virus.

Due to this openness, pharmaceutical（制药的）companies across the globe are now able to work simultaneously to develop a vaccine. “There may be room for multiple different vaccines for different purposes and different age groups,”Amesh Adalja, a senior scholar at the Johns Hopkins University Center for Health Security in the US, told Al Jazeera.“The bigger menu we have of vaccines, the more resilient（有适应力的）well be against coronavirus outbreaks in the future. ”

Major drug companies around the world are also sharing their study results. Remdesivir, a drug originally developed by US company Gilead Sciences to treat Ebola, s found to be promising in fighting against the novel coronavirus. Currently, two trials of the drug are already underway in China, and the results might be available as soon as April, according to The Verge.

This openness in science is going to be even more crucial in the future. With climate change, increasing globalization, and population shifts, epidemics will not go away, and might even become more frequent, Dan Barouch, a Harvard Medical School professor, told Harvard Magazine.

He said, “No one group can do everything. It has to be a coordinated（合作的）approach. But I do think that the world has a greater sense of readiness this time to develop knowledge, drugs, and therapeutics（疗法）very rapidly.

Every epidemic is indeed a crisis, but it can also be a learning opportunity. One redeeming（补偿的）factor of the COVID﹣19 outbreak is that it is helping science adapt for the better.

1. What does the article mainly talk about?

A．Coordinated efforts to fight the epidemic.

B．The significance of openness and sharing of scientific knowledge.

C．Something positive we’ve learned from the epidemic.

D．What needs to be done to prevent future epidemics.

2. What is the positive effect of the research team from Fudan University placing the genetic sequence of the virus onto GenBank?

A．They alerted the world to the danger of the virus.

B．They helped remove people’s fear of the virus.

C．They invited collective efforts worldwide to develop a vaccine.

D．They showed the world how to produce a vaccine.

3. What does the underlined phrase“work simultaneously” in paragraph 3 probably mean?

A．work at the same time.

B．work effectively

C．work continuously

D．work happily

4. What is the author’s purpose of mentioning remdesivir in the text?

A．To introduce a possible cure for the epidemic.

B．To prove that many drug companies readily share their discoveries.

C．To compare the treatment of Ebola and the novel coronavirus.

D．To show that the novel coronavirus will soon be contained.

5. Which of the following would Dan Barouch probably disagree with?

A．The increase in globalization may worsen future epidemics.

B．Epidemics will be less frequent thanks to scientific development.

C．No single group can fight against the epidemics independently.

D．The world is becoming better prepared to deal with epidemics.

2 . Nimal “Nims” Purja broke the existing world record by climbing 14 Himalayan mountain peaks in 189 days.

Though thousands of _______ have climbed Mount Everest (珠穆朗玛峰), the highest and most _______ of the world’s 14 tallest mountains, _______ 40 climbers have conquered them all. Nepalese mountaineer Nirmal “Nims” Purja, _______this extraordinary achievement in just six months and six days, faster than his own seven-month _______.

“I am incredibly _______ to have completed this final summit and my goal of climbing the world’s 14 tallest mountains in _______ time, ” Purja said in a statement. “I hope to have _______ that anything is possible with some _______, self-belief, and positivity.”

The adventurer, who was ________ by teams of Nepalese climbers on each of his adventures, encountered numerous memorable and ________ moments during his epic (史诗般的) journey. On April 23, 2019, while going down Mt. Annapurna, Purja and his team heard about a Malaysian climber who had been ________ from his group with no food, water, or supplemental ________ for over 40 hours. Determined to find him, they went back up to 7500 meters, where Dr. Chin Wui Kin was last seen. Though the climbers succeeded in ________ and getting him airlifted to a hospital, ________, Dr. Chin did not survive his injuries and ________ a few days later in Singapore.

Purja, who comes from a small Nepalese village, said his primary ________ for undertaking this enormous task was to ________ the world that anyone can ________ greatness if they put their minds to it. “By achieving this goal, I knew I could ________ people from all generations across the world,” he said.

1.

A．athletes

B．tourists

C．researchers

D．adventurers

2.

A．serious

B．isolated

C．famous

D．remote

3.

A．still

B．yet

C．only

D．even

4.

A．represented

B．accomplished

C．evaluated

D．accelerated

5.

A．target

B．dream

C．desire

D．focus

6.

A．crazy

B．generous

C．proud

D．nervous

7.

A．right

B．future

C．harvest

D．record

8.

A．found

B．seen

C．proven

D．imagined

9.

A．determination

B．respect

C．delight

D．relief

10.

A．taught

B．joined

C．beaten

D．conducted

11.

A．awkward

B．anxious

C．exact

D．tense

12.

A．separated

B．sent

C．dismissed

D．led

13.

A．clothes

B．oxygen

C．tents

D．equipment

14.

A．guiding

B．observing

C．saving

D．locating

15.

A．unfortunately

B．surprisingly

C．naturally

D．normally

16.

A．broke down

B．went by

C．passed away

D．set off

17.

A．design

B．purpose

C．concern

D．importance

18.

A．challenge

B．order

C．inform

D．show

19.

A．attain

B．control

C．apply

D．meet

20.

A．bless

B．inspire

C．support

D．admire

3 . From talking robots and video phones to rovers （探测器）on Mars, technology has become so advanced that the previously impossible seems to occur on a daily basis. And yet—we still have no cure for the common cold.

Why can't we stop the common cold? According to Peter Barlow, a scientist at Edinburgh Napier University in the UK, the main challenge lies in the many different types of cold viruses that are produced by the rhinoviruses （鼻病毒），Scientific American reported. There are at least 160 types. They mutate so easily that they quickly become resistant to drugs, or learn to hide from our immune systems. In other words, a single cure isn't likely to work on every type of cold.

However, researchers from Stanford University and the University of California, San Francisco, have found a possible answer. They discovered a protein that the viruses need. Without it, they can't spread inside your body.

To identify the gene which produces the specific protein needed by the viruses, researchers used a gene-editing technique to test all genes in the human genome（基因组）one by one for thousands of cell.

These modified （改变的）cells were then exposed to a range of enteroviruses （肠道病毒）， including the rhinoviruses which cause the common cold.

All the viruses were unable to replicate（复制）inside cells without a gene that produces a specific protein, called methyltransferase（甲基转移酶）SETD3.

Then, they tested genetically（从基因方面）modified mice, which were completely unable to produce the protein. The mice were able to live healthy, normal lives without the protein.

"Lacking that gene protected the mice completely from viral （病毒的）infection,” associate professor Jan Carette, from Stanford, told the BBC.

"These mice would always die, but they survived and we saw a very strong reduction in viral replication and very strong protection."

Carette said the plan is to find a drug which can temporarily suppress（抑制） the protein, instead of producing genetically modified humans.

“We have identified a fantastic target that all enteroviruses and rhinoviruses require and depend on. Take that away and the virus really has no chance," said Carette.

"This is a really good first step—the second step is to have a chemical that mimics（模拟） this genetic deletion,” he added.

1. What does the underlined word "mutate” mean in English?

A．To change a new form.

B．To identify a new gene.

C．To check a modified cell.

D．To cure a viral infection.

2. What is the article mainly about?

A．Why it is so hard to cure the common cold.

B．The possible link between rhinoviruses and the common cold.

C．A possible way to stop viral infections that cause the common cold.

D．The functions of a protein needed by viruses.

3. What does Peter Barlow think is the main problem for prevention of the common cold?

A．The slow mutation of some genes.

B．The fast speed at which rhinoviruses spread.

C．The harm rhinoviruses do to the immune system.

D．The wide variety of cold viruses created by rhinoviruses.

4. What can we learn about the protein needed by the viruses?

A．It helps the viruses replicate inside our bodies.

B．It allows the viruses to change easily.

C．It helps the viruses become resistant to drugs.

D．It increases the spread of the viruses.

5. What did the researchers discover in their gene-editing study?

A．Genetically modified mice died because they lacked the protein.

B．The modified cells seemed to protect the mice against viral infections.

C．More methyltransferase SETD3 was produced after the cells were modified.

D．The gene-editing technique was more effective against enteroviruses than rhinoviruses.

6. What do the researchers plan to do next, according to Carette?

A．Conduct experiments on genetically modified humans.

B．Identify a drug that can help reduce the protein.

C．Apply this gene-editing technique to control other viruses.

D．Find a chemical that can cure all enteroviruses and rhinoviruses.

4 . First, car makers wanted to take the human out of driving. Now, motorcycle manufacturers (制造商)want to do the same. But just as the driverless car movement has faced skepticism, it's not entirely clear that the world needs autonomous motorcycles.

What would a self-driving motorcycle do? It would be designed to let the rider sit back and relax while the machine drives by itself. Manufacturers have actually been creating and improving prototypes (原型)of self-driving motorcycles for years, and they're only just now beginning to share them with the public. For instance, AB Dynamics and AutoRD released the Autonomous BMW Cl. It comes with autonomous software, GPS, and re-balancing technology.

Yamaha's Motoroid is a model that uses artificial intelligence and self-balancing technology. The Motoroid sounds very futuristic, but it can't drive on its own. It needs a rider to make turns. Another example of an autonomous-light motorcycle is Honda's Riding Assist-e, which can change the center of gravity autonomously. However, like the Motoroid, it's not completely self-riding and isn't ready for a highway on its own.

Safety concerns for autonomous motorcycles are similar to those that trouble self-driving cars Firstly, the autonomous system may make a mistake and endanger the rider. Self-driving cars have an unfortunate record of running red lights and causing accidents. Professor Adam says, "So one can be forgiven for worrying about the safety of a two-wheeled speed machine with no one behind the handlebars. '' Secondly, there's the question of responsibility: Who is at fault if a self-driving bike crashes into another car? More importantly, it's not easy to satisfy the official regulations before autonomous motorcycles ride on the road. And to develop the industry will cost billions of dollars.

But there's the biggest problem with all of these motorcycles. One of the joys of driving motorcycles is the driving. It seems unlikely that a rider, like a high-speed motorcycle collector who loves the thrill of turning around corners, will give up the experience of the ride.

The prototypes for self-riding motorcycles are here, and manufacturers are busy putting them to the test, but it might be a while before we see them on the open road.

1. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?

A．Manufacturers' competition with each other is quite fierce.

B．Manufacturers are quite creative when making driverless cars.

C．Manufacturers are very optimistic about self-driving motorcycles.

D．Manufacturers have made some progress in promoting self-driving motorcycles.

2. The examples of Yamaha's Motoroid and Honda's Riding Assist-e show that        .

A．autonomous motorcycles still have a long way to go

B．Yamaha and Honda compete with each other fiercely

C．autonomous motorcycles have a big improvement in safety

D．Yamaha and Honda have defeated other autonomous motorcycle makers

3. What Professor Adam said in the 4th paragraph probably means _______.

A．autonomous motorcycle should obey traffic regulations

B．it's convenient and safe to ride an autonomous motorcycle

C．mistakes made by autonomous motorcycles can be forgiven

D．it's normal that autonomous motorcycles' safety is doubted

4. What is the biggest challenge of self-driving motorcycles?

A．They are unable to appeal to many riders.

B．They can't guarantee the riders, safety.

C．They can't suit the official regulations.

D．They are too costly to produce.

5. Which of the following statements would the author agree with?

A．Self-riding motorcycles will be very popular one day.

B．Self-riding motorcycles are necessary to social development.

C．Users are likely to lose fun when riding self-riding motorcycles.

D．People will be fond of self-riding motorcycles for its convenience.

5 . The US Postal Service(USPS) is losing billions of dollars a year. The government company that delivers "small mail" is losing out to email and other types of electronic communication. First-class mail amount fell from a high point of 104 million pieces in 2000 to just 64 million pieces by 2014.

Congress permits the 600,000-employee USPS to hold a monopoly over first-class and standard mail. The company pays no federal, state or local taxes；pays no vehicle fees； and is free from many regulations on other businesses. Despite these advantages, the USPS has lost 52 billion since 2007, and will continue losing money without major reforms.

The problem is that Congress is preventing the USPS from reducing costs as its sales decline, and is blocking efforts to end Saturday service and close unneeded post office locations. USPS also has a costly union-dominated workforce that slows the introduction of new ideas or methods down. USPS workers earn significantly higher payment than comparable private-sector workers. The answer is to privatize the USPS and open postal markets to competition. With the rise of the Internet, the argument that mail is a natural monopoly that needs government protection is weaker than ever.

Other countries facing declining letter amounts have made reforms. Germany and the Netherlands privatized their national postal companies over a decade ago, and other European countries have followed suit. Britain floated shares of the Royal Mail on its stock exchange in 2013. Some countries, such as Sweden and New Zealand, have not privatized their national postal companies, but they have opened them up to competition.

These reforms have driven efficiency improvements in all of these countries. Additional number of workers have been reduced, productivity has risen and consumers have benefited. Also, note that cost-cutting measures — such as closing some post offices — are good for both the economy and the environment.

Privatization and competition also encourage new changes. When the USPS monopoly over "extremely urgent" mail was stopped in 1979, we saw an explosion in efficient overnight private delivery by firms such as FedEx.

The government needs to wake up to changing technology, study postal reforms abroad and let businessmen reinvent（彻底改造）our out-of-date postal system.

1. What does the underlined word "monopoly" in Paragraph 2 mean?

A．The act of solving a problem.

B．A duty to deal with something.

C．Complete control of a public service/goods.

D．The plan of investing money in something.

2. What do we know about the USPS?

A．Its great competitor is the delivery firm FedEx.

B．It is an old public service open to competitions.

C．Its employees don't pay federal, state or local taxes.

D．It has complete control of first-class and standard mail.

3. The author mentions some other countries in Paragraph 4 to_______ .

A．explain the procedures of reform to the USPS

B．show the advantages of private postal services

C．set some examples for the government to learn from

D．prove the situation is very common around the world

4. The author probably agrees that the USPS_______ .

A．needs government's protection as ever

B．can work together with other businesses

C．must be replaced by international companies

D．should be sold out and become a private service

5. Which of the following shows the development of ideas in this passage?
I： Introduction       CP： Central point        P： Point       Sp： Sub-point       C： Conclusion

A．

B．

C．

D．

6 . With a combined total of 211 years between them, Charlotte and John Henderson, from Austin, Texas, are celebrating their 80th wedding anniversary. The two are _______ the oldest living couple on earth, according to Guinness World Records. John Henderson is 106 _______ Charlotte Henderson is 105.

The pair met in 1934 as _______ at the University of Texas, where Charlotte was studying to be a teacher and John played football. John was very _______ of football. Since 2010, he has had the _______ of being the oldest living former UT football player, and he _______ a game every year. The Hendersons, who have no children, have _______ at a retirement community in Austin, for the past decade. It is _______ that the retirement home helped to _______ an anniversary party for the couple. “In our ages, we’ve slowed down somewhat,” John Henderson ______________. “We used to go on cruises, but now we have to take it ______________. We like watching sports and talking about what we’re going to do.”

Henderson’s nephew Jason Free said the two were his ______________ role models. They love and really care for each other. “They don’t always ______________ the past,” Free said. “You won’t hear them say, ‘Oh, if only it were 1952 again, ______________ would be great.’ Instead, they are making plans for their ______________ together.”

Free noted that when his uncle is at a UT game or out ______________ friends, Charlotte usually will call to ______________ him. “She likes to know when John is going to be coming back to eat with her,” Free said.

As for the ______________ to their longevity, John Henderson puts it down to exercise and having a positive ______________. Then with a ______________ he added, “But some people think it’s because we’ve never had kids!”

1.

A．naturally

B．officially

C．individually

D．normally

2.

A．so

B．but

C．as

D．and

3.

A．participants

B．professors

C．students

D．players

4.

A．fond

B．sure

C．afraid

D．tired

5.

A．qualification

B．confidence

C．truth

D．distinction

6.

A．organizes

B．attends

C．sponsors

D．appreciates

7.

A．aimed

B．researched

C．lived

D．arrived

8.

A．reported

B．assumed

C．suggested

D．confirmed

9.

A．deliver

B．find

C．show

D．throw

10.

A．announced

B．recommended

C．explained

D．complained

11.

A．seriously

B．easy

C．off

D．away

12.

A．relationship

B．behavior

C．career

D． concept

13.

A．overlook

B．recall

C．believe

D．see

14.

A．something

B．anything

C．everything

D．nothing

15.

A．choices

B．children

C．retirement

D．future

16.

A．cheating

B．inviting

C．meeting

D．making

17.

A．pick up

B．care about

C．wait for

D．check on

18.

A．introduction

B．tendency

C．secret

D．guide

19.

A．attitude

B．method

C．theory

D．comment

20.

A．laugh

B．sigh

C．nod

D．gesture

7 . Two birthdays, One mistake

Zackary Johnson has a birthday coming up in a few days, so it wasn’t surprising to have an envelope addressed to him last week.

His mom, Glenda, ____ immediately that it was spelled “Zachary” Johnson. She didn’t find that unusual because many people spell Zackary’s name ____. But the sender’s pre-printed label made her confused. That name didn’t ____ up to anyone of her friends or relatives. She asked her husband, “Do you ____ this name?” “Nope,” Steve responded and became somewhat ____.

Still, they agreed to ____ the envelope to their son to see what was in it. Zack opened it to ____ $20 in a birthday card that said “Happy Birthday, Zachary!” He was ____and was ready to go shopping!!

However, the ____ increased for Glenda. The card was unsigned. She was wondering why a ____ would send money to her son and ____ he would know it was Zack’s birthday. A variety of scenes can go ____ parents’ minds, especially when they hear stories about Internet crimes. They knew they would have to make some inquiries not only to give them ____, but also to protect their son.

“I know who that fellow is! He is an old farmer that lives out on Hillberry Road.” Glenda’s dad said when he was informed of the ____.

So the couple quickly drove out into the country and found the house. ____, no one was home. Steve decided to leave a brief but ____ message that the call should be returned as soon as possible.

The next day the old farmer called. The farmer’s great grandson, Zachary Johnson, had recently moved with his parents to Heavenly Drive. That’s the street where Zackary Johnson ____. The farmer was sure surprised by the ____ of events. He figured he’d have to send another card to his grandson. But Zackary Johnson, who is turning eleven years old in a few days, did the right thing. He and his parents ____ their way down Heavenly Drive to the home of Zachary Johnson who is turning four years old in a few days. They ____ Zachary’s great grandfather’s card with the $20. Plus, Zackary Johnson wished Zachary Johnson a very Happy Birthday.

1.

A．expected

B．guessed

C．added

D．noticed

2.

A．hesitantly

B．incorrectly

C．quickly

D．naturally

3.

A．match

B．back

C．call

D．build

4.

A．sign

B．like

C．bear

D．recognize

5.

A．embarrassed

B．discouraged

C．concerned

D．ashamed

6.

A．present

B．return

C．address

D．drop

7.

A．hold

B．find

C．reach

D．pay

8.

A．relieved

B．relaxed

C．amused

D．excited

9.

A．unease

B．anger

C．regret

D．sadness

10.

A．relative

B．friend

C．stranger

D．farmer

11.

A．who

B．what

C．when

D．how

12.

A．over

B．beyond

C．through

D．against

13.

A．faith

B．peace

C．satisfaction

D．confidence

14.

A．secret

B．crime

C．conclusion

D．situation

15.

A．Amazingly

B．Unfortunately

C．Interestingly

D．Undoubtedly

16.

A．urgent

B．updated

C．warning

D．flexible

17.

A．walks

B．travels

C．lives

D．moves

18.

A．turn

B．order

C．error

D．trend

19.

A．changed

B．made

C．pushed

D．cleared

20.

A．held

B．showed

C．delivered

D．purchased

8 . For years, the U.S. has experienced a shortage of registered nurses. The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that while the number of nurses will increase by 19 percent by 2022, demand will grow faster than supply, and that there will be over one million unfilled nursing jobs by then.

So what's the solution? Robots,

Japan is ahead of the curve when it comes to this trend. Toyohashi University of Technology has developed Terapio, a robotic medical cart that can make hospital rounds, deliver medications and oilier items, and retrieve（检索）records. It follows a specific individual, such as a doctor or nurse, who can use it to record and access patient data. This type of robot will likely be one of the first to be put into use in hospitals because it has fairly minimal patient contact.

Robots capable of social engagement help with loneliness as well as cognitive（认知的） functioning, but the robot itself doesn't have to engage directly——it can serve as an intermediary for human communication. Telepresence robots such as MantaroBot, Vgo, and Giraff can be controlled through a computer, smartphone, or tablet, allowing family members or doctors to remotely monitor patients or Skype them, often via a screen where the robot's "face" would be. If you can't get to the nursing home to visit grandma, you can use a telepresence robot to hang out with her. A 2016 study found that users had a ''consistently positive attitude" about the Giraff robot's ability to enhance communication and decrease feelings of loneliness.

A robot’s appearance affects its ability to successfully interact with humans, which is why the RIKEN-TRI Collaboration Center for Human-Interactive Robot Research decided to develop a robotic nurse that looks a huge teddy bear. RIBA （Robot for Interactive Body Assistance）, also known as "Robear" can help patients into and out of wheelchairs and beds with its strong arms. On the less cute and more scary side there is Actroid F, which is so human-like that some patients may not know the difference. This conversational robot companion has cameras in its eyes, which allow it to track patients and use appropriate facial expressions and body language in its interactions. During a month-long hospital trial, researchers asked 70 patients how they felt being around the robot and "only three or four said they didn't like having it around."

Il's important to note that robotic nurses don't decide courses of treatment or make diagnoses （ though robot doctors and surgeons may not be far off）. Instead, they perform routine and laborious tusks, freeing nurses up to attend to patients with immediate needs. This is one industry where it seems the interaction of robots will lend to collaboration, not replacement

1. What does the author say about Japan?

A．It delivers the best medication for the elderly.

B．It takes the lead in providing robotic care.

C．It provides retraining for registered nurses.

D．It sets the trend in future robotics technology,

2. What are telepresence robots designed to do?

A．Directly interact with patients to prevent them from feeling lonely.

B．Cater to the needs of patients for recovering their cognitive capacity.

C．Closely monitor the patients' movements and conditions around the clock.

D．Facilitate communication between patients and doctors or family members.

3. What is one special feature of the robot Actroid F?

A．It interacts with patients just like a human companion.

B．It operates quietly without patients realizing its presence.

C．It likes to engage in everyday conversations with patients.

D．It uses body language even more effectively than words.

4. What is the attitude of the 70 patients towards the robotic nurses?

A．They don't like having it around.

B．They are indifferent to it.

C．They feel bored around them.

D．Almost all of them are in favor of it.

5. What can we infer from the last paragraph?

A．Doctors and surgeons will soon be laid off.

B．The robotics industry will soon take off.

C．Robots will not make nurses unnecessary.

D．Cooperation will not replace completion.

9 . JENNIFER SALLS — A high school math teacher in Sparks, Nevada

It is possible to construct good online courses that would support mathematics learning with middle and high school students. However, these courses would not look like most current online courses.

When we imagine an online course, we think of a solitary (孤立的)process in which a student is holed up with his or her computer, watching PowerPoints, paging through screens of text and solving a whole bunch of problems. While learning may be occurring, I suspect that it's short-term with little real understanding of mathematics. There are some students who learn well under these circumstances, but this is not true for the majority of students.

A good online course would take advantage of the many interactive resources. For example, if students were learning to solve equations, they would be directed to solve a carefully arranged set of problems using an interactive program. They would reflect on the interaction and share their observations with others taking the course.

Eventually, the lesson would move students toward solving equations, using their experiences with the interactive program as the jumping-off point. Students could experience real-world problems through video and simulations and use a variety of computer-based tools to solve these problems. Notice that a course like this is not solitary, but highly interactive, and it builds both problem-solving skills and conceptual knowledge.

BRIGID BARRON — A psychologist at Stanford University's School of Education

Whether or not any computing tool used in the classroom will interfere with or energize learning depends on how the teacher organizes its use.

When online courses are well designed, they offer learners and teachers wonderful opportunities. Hybrid models that combine classroom interaction with tools like blogs, podcasts, social networks and discussion forums can engage students in ways that traditional environments do not. When students are given challenging material, asked to carry out research and to create ways to share what they are learning with students from all over the world, engagement goes up.

There are other benefits. Assessment of student learning can be partly automated and designed to provide continuous feedback. When students need assistance, they can be directed to activities that will help them learn. Perhaps most importantly, online courses can help bridge gaps in course offerings within a school district. Many economically challenged schools don't have the resources to provide specialized or advanced courses, but those courses could be offered online.

Many students are already using technology in their own time to learn and create, for their own purposes or for school assignments (作业).If they know where to look, they can access online communities that foster their imagination and offer informal mentorship.

Instead of wondering whether teenagers are too easily distracted by computers, we should be figuring out how we can use digital media to sustain teenagers' interest and their desire to learn.

1. According to Jennifer Salls, in most current online classes,        .

A．students hardly learn anything

B．students are made to learn all on their own

C．students are led to improve their self-study abilities

D．students focus more on theories than on problem-solving skills

2. Which of the following statements best summarizes Salls' opinions?

A．Online courses should try to make the most of interactive resources.

B．Schools today pay more attention to students, conceptual knowledge.

C．Students cannot learn mathematics effectively through online courses.

D．Thanks to online classes, teachers' work load can be greatly decreased.

3. Brigid Barron mentioned all of the following potentials of online classes EXCEPT     

A．narrowing the gap between rich and poor

B．providing students with real-time feedback

C．teaching students how to exploit online resources

D．maintaining students' interest throughout the course

4. What does the underlined word “foster” in the passage probably mean?

A．help ... to recover	B．help ... to grow
C．help ... to relax	D．help ... to display

5. Both Salls and Barron believe that         .

A．good courses should combine advanced technology and online resources

B．teachers play an important role in ensuring the effectiveness of online classes

C．students should be able to learn effectively through well-designed online classes

D．online courses are more effective only when students are assigned challenging tasks

10 . The phrase “take a penny, leave a penny” may not have been created by 14-year-old Nomaan “Nomi” Bilal, but he’s taken it to a whole new level.

Bilal collected quite a few pennies and _______ them with organizations helping people in need. With mostly pocket change, Bilal _______ a total of $4,150 from neighbors, family and friends. He donated it all to a district-run program for _______ disadvantaged families. The organizations used the donations to purchase and _______ gift cards for about 20 families.

While finishing up his first year of high school online, Bilal started collecting _______change he found. Through Facebook, Bilal and his mother, Nadia Pervez, got the _______ out, and soon enough plenty of people were stopping by to _______ bags upon bags of change. Every day, Bilal devoted most of his spare time to _______ and hand-rolling coins. Eventually, a stranger heard about his _______ and contacted Pervez to donate a coin sorter, which has made the __________ quicker and easier.

Roseann Miceli, director of a charity organization, called Bilal's efforts __________ and unprecedented (前所未有的). Miceli will buy more gift cards with the rest of Bilal’s fundraising, which continues to __________. She said the families were so appreciative — they would be __________ out their windows: “Thank you so much”. Miceli wanted Bilal to know that he’s made a big difference with small change. The idea came to her while she was __________the donations from his house. “I think a ‘thank-you’ and a wave __________ the door 6 feet away with a face mask is not enough for this kid who has been __________ pennies for the past 20 days,” Miceli said. She organized a “thank-you parade” to drive past Bilal’s house. Cars lined the street, with the drivers all waving, holding signs and shouting “thank you” from a social __________.

“I was just __________ at the scene that so many people should come out of their way just to see me,” he said. One of the parade participants gave Bilal a handmade sign that __________: “Nomi is our hero.”

“It shows that one person can make a difference and how such a small effort can turn into such a big thing,” he said. “And that my community is very helpful and thoughtful throughout these __________ times.”

1.

A．saved

B．left

C．gathered

D．provided

2.

A．raised

B．made

C．expected

D．created

3.

A．mentally

B．physically

C．financially

D．socially

4.

A．receive

B．deliver

C．pick

D．apply

5.

A．slight

B．simple

C．certain

D．loose

6.

A．word

B．promise

C．truth

D．news

7.

A．drop off

B．put away

C．leave out

D．pass out

8.

A．counting

B．balancing

C．sorting

D．marking

9.

A．attitude

B．efforts

C．choice

D．task

10.

A．routine

B．business

C．process

D．method

11.

A．modest

B．convenient

C．available

D．generous

12.

A．grow

B．move

C．return

D．expand

13.

A．waving

B．nodding

C．coming

D．screaming

14.

A．giving out

B．picking up

C．taking out

D．giving away

15.

A．beyond

B．across

C．through

D．by

16.

A．earning

B．managing

C．studying

D．rolling

17.

A．distance

B．movement

C．order

D．scene

18.

A．shocked

B．surprised

C．curious

D．relieved

19.

A．carried

B．offered

C．said

D．showed

20.

A．pleasant

B．essential

C．inspiring

D．tough