1 . Though not as mainstream as devices like smartphones and fitness trackers, more companies are now experimenting with the concept of connected garments. Among the pioneers is London-based CuteCircuit, which has been creating fashionable smart clothing since 2004. The company’s latest creation is the “Sound Shirt,” which allows deaf people to “feel” live music by transforming the tunes into touch sensations in real time.

The fashionable jacket achieves the incredible function using software that changes the music into data and wirelessly sends it to the 16-micro motors fitted inside the clothing’s fabric. The devices shake in sync (同步) to the intensity (强度) of the music being played, allowing the wearer to feel each instrument individually. The series of touch-like sensations across the wearer’s body enables them to feel the entire works, resulting in a fully amazing musical experience.

To ensure the shirt is comfortable, the designers chose to leave out wires and instead wove conductive textiles (纺织品) into the garment’s fabric. Francesca Rosella, co-founder and chief creative officer of CuteCircuit, explains, “There are no wires inside, so we’re only using smart fabrics — we have a combination of microelectronics and very thin, flexible and conductive fabrics. All these little electronic motors are connected with these conductive fabrics so that the garment is soft and stretchable.”

CuteCircuit, which has been testing the Sound Shirt for three years, expects to make it available to the general public shortly. Priced at $3,673 (3,000 pounds), the smart jacket will not be cheap. However, twin sisters Hermon and Heroda Berhane, who lost their hearing at a young age, believe the hi-tech garment is a worthwhile investment, especially for deaf people with a passion for dancing. “It’s almost like feeling the depth of the music,” says Hermon. “It just feels as though we can move along with it.” Heroda agrees, adding, “I think it could definitely change our lives.”

This is not CuteCircuit’s first groundbreaking smart garment. Over the years, the company has produced hundreds of shocking connected outfits. Among them is an interactive concert dress for American musical artist Nicole Scherzinger that displayed tweets from her fans. Also fun is the HugShirt which enables people to send hugs to loved ones who are not physically in the same area.

1. What is “sound shirt” meant for?

A．Children.	B．Students.
C．Deaf people.	D．Travelers.

2. Paragraph 2 mainly talks about the sound shirt’s_____________.

A．working principle	B．powerful function
C．special materials	D．fashionable design

3. How did the designers keep the shirt comfortable?

A．By using wires.

B．By using smart fabrics.

C．By using electronic motors.

D．By making it very thin.

4. Why did the writer mention twin sisters Hermon and Heroda Berhane?

A．To persuade us to learn from them.

B．To get the public to know them better.

C．To state the smart jacket is affordable.

D．To prove the smart jacket enjoys promising future.

5. The function of the last Paragraph is to ______________.

A．add some background information

B．introduce the company’s new products

C．praise the contributions the company has made

D．appeal to the public to buy the company’s products

2 . Studying a subject that you feel pointless is never a fun or easy task. If you're studying history, asking yourself the question "why is history important "is a very good first step. History is an essential part of human civilization. You will find something here that will arouse your interest, or get you thinking about the significance of history.

History grounds us in our roots. History is an important and interesting field of study, and learning the history of our home country can give us a deeper, more meaningful glimpse（一瞥）into our ancestral pasts, and how we got to where we are today. Many people feel like they need a sense of cultural belonging, which is something that studying your roots and being open-minded to the evolution of your culture can provide.

History enriches our experience. Reading history is an amazing experience because it enables us to reflect on the social and economic life of the people living long time ago. According to the experts, problems faced by people regardless of the past and present are the same. With the information about the ancestors, one can become more experienced in handling challenges of life.

History makes us more empathetic（具有共情能力的）, Studying history can give us insight （洞察力）into why our culture does certain things, and how the past has shaped it into what we know now. It also provides a rather strong foundation for empathy across cultures. Fear and hate for others is usually caused by ignorance （无知）. We're scared of the things that we don't understand. History has the potential to break down those boundaries by offering us insight into entire worlds that would otherwise be foreign to us.

History can inspire us to learn more. what's fantastic about history is the way it broadens our horizons. It's almost impossible to learn about one historical period without having dozens of questions about related concepts. Study the 19^th century England, and you might catch a glimpse of Charles Dickens' Oliver Twist. Look up Charles Dickens, and you might learn a thing or two about realism. Or maybe you end up switching your attention away from novels, and discover the history of romantic poets in England. It can go anywhere, and there is something in there for absolutely anybody.

The value of history cannot be underestimated. We don't have to live in the past, but we can definitely do better by learning from it and using the lessons learnt to lead more meaningful lives.

1. The underlined part "where we are today" in Para. 2 probably means __________.

A．the turning point in our history

B．the present state of our nation

C．the location of our homeland

D．the total area of our country

2. According to the experts, why is history useful for people to handle challenges of life?

A．The problems at present are similar to those in the past.

B．Ancient people laid economic foundations for people today.

C．The current challenges of life were predicted by the ancestors.

D．People living long time ago knew more about how to solve problems.

3. What can be concluded from Para.4?

A．It is difficult to get rid of cultural barriers.

B．People are willing to accept foreign cultures.

C．Cultural conflicts in history are difficult to ignore.

D．History helps us improve our cross-cultural awareness.

4. With the example in Para.5, the writer intends to show that______________.

A．Charles Dickens contributes much to British literature.

B．Oliver Twist can satisfy our curiosity for romantic poets.

C．reading novels is a way to learn about a historical period.

D．studying history can arouse people's interest in other fields.

5. What could be the best title for the passage?

A．How to Build Cultural Identity

B．Why Studying History Matters

C．Know the Past, Know the Present

D．History: a Way to Broaden Horizons

3 . Transport has a lot to answer for when it comes to harming the planet. While cars and trains are moving towards greener, electric power, emissions from air travel are expected to increase massively by 2050. If we want big green sky solutions, we need blue sky thinking Fortunately, there's plenty of that happening right now, particularly the short-haul flights powered by batteries.

Harbour Air is the largest seaplane airline in North America, flying 30, 000 commercial flights in 40 seaplanes each year. Significantly, all Harbour Air routes last less than 30 minutes, making it perfectly fit for electric engines. “As an airline, we're currently in the process of turning all our planes into electric airplanes. says CEO Greg Mc Dougall. To make this happen, the airline has partnered up with MagniX to create the worlds first commercial flight with an electric engine.

Making the skies electric isn't just good for the environment, it also makes sound financial sense: a small aircraft uses $400 on conventional fuel for a 100-mile flight, while an electric one costs $8-12 for the same distance, and that's before you factor in the higher maintenance costs of a traditional engine. There's also the added bonus that electric planes are just much more pleasant to fly in. No loud engine noise, no smell of fuel, just environmentally friendly peace and quiet.

While there has been real progress in the e-plane industry, the technical challenges that remain are keeping everyone's feet firmly on the ground. A battery, even a lithium one, only provides 250 watt-hours per kilogram; compare this to liquid fuel, which has a specific energy of 11, 890 watt-hours per kilogram. Carrying adequate batteries, however, would make the plane too heavy to get off the ground. In aircraft, where every bit of weight counts, this can't just be ignored.

The transition （过渡） from gas to electric in the automobile industry has been made easier by hybrids-vehicles powered by both fuel and electricity. Many believe the same pattern could be followed in the air. Fuel consumption could be reduced as the electric component is switched on at key parts of the journey, especially on take-off and landing.

It's certainly an exciting time for electric flying. With companies like Harbour Air taking the lead, battery-powered planes, especially on short-haul journeys, are set to become a reality in the next few years.

1. According to Para. l, what is happening in air transport?

A．New explorations of the sky are being launched.

B．Pollution caused by batteries is being controlled.

C．Efforts are being made to make air travel greener.

D．Demand for short-haul flights is increasing massively.

2. Why is Harbour Air fit for electric flights?

A．It runs short route

B．It has a strong partner.

C．Its planes can land on the sea.

D．It has planes with powerful engines.

3. The expression "added bonus" refers to the fact that electric planes___________.

A．give passengers more pleasant views

B．bring airlines more financial benefits

C．offer more enjoyable flying experiences

D．cost less in maintenance than traditional ones

4. What might be the biggest challenge of electric flying?

A．To improve the ground service for e-planes.

B．To find qualified technicians for e-plane industry.

C．To calculate the energy needed to power e-planes.

D．To balance power and weight of batteries in e-planes.

5. What could be done during the transition from gas to electric in air flight?

A．To produce new electric components.

B．To increase battery consumption.

C．To use mixed-power technology.

D．To expand the landing field.

6. What is the author's attitude towards the prospect of electric flying?

A．Short-sighted.

B．Wait-and-see.

C．Optimistic.

D．Skeptical.

4 . For much of the past hundred years, classrooms have been designed with the teacher seated in front of desks for students. But many educators now say children can do better in a less structured environment.

Bob Pearlman works as an education consultant in the United States. He told The Associate Press that traditional classrooms are a thing of the past. Now students work in ''extended learning areas" that in elude project planning rooms, workrooms, and laboratories, as well as learning spaces for groups and individuals. Pearlman points to Albemarle County Public Schools, in Charlottesville, Virginia. The school system invited teams from all its schools to develop learning spaces that would help students deal with complex ideas and work on creative building projects. Now, its elementary school classes have exchanged traditional desks for things like soft seating and connectable tables.

Another change to the design of classrooms is the ability to connect to the Internet. " Classrooms, libraries, and laboratories used to be the only spaces where students spent their school hours. Wireless, laptops and project learning have changed that," Pearlman said. He noted that this has made all school spaces into possible extended learning areas.

David Thornburg, who wrote the book From the Campfire to the Holodeck, said Pearlman's concept catered to the students' need. He said schools should provide spaces based on how humans learn. That could mean one room is used in different ways at different times, or in different ways at the same time.

Earp is with Teacher magazine, a publication of the nonprofit Australia n Council for Educational Research. She noted that in the 1970s, American Robert Sommer, a psychologist, was urging a critical look at traditional classroom designs. Earp said that in addition to newer "freeform" classroom designs, some teachers could find good results with designs that combine new and old ideas. They could try lining up desks at the start of the year and then placing them in groups as the classroom relationships become clearer and project work begins.

1. What change happened to Albemarle County Public Schools?

A．Classroom furniture.	B．Learning materials.
C．Teaching Strategy.	D．Studying time.

2. What does the underlined word "that" in Paragraph 3 refer to?

A．The new design.	B．The existing classroom.
C．The application of the Internet.	D．The limitation on learning spaces.

3. What' s David' s attitude towards Pearl man' s classroom design?

A．Objective.	B．Neutral.
C．Supportive.	D．Disapproving.

4. What^’s the ideal classroom in Earp's eyes?

A．It should be designed by teachers.

B．It should provide freedom for students.

C．It should focus on comfortable learning environment.

D．It should be combined with both modern and conventional ideas.

5. What's the passage mainly about?

A．Different opinions about classroom designs.

B．The considerations in classroom designing.

C．Shortcomings of traditional classrooms.

D．The ways to enlarge learning spaces.

5 . Purdue University researchers have engineered flying robots that behave like hummingbirds, trained by machine learning algorithms (计算程序) based on various techniques the bird uses naturally every day. The robot would be able to fly better through collapsed buildings to find trapped victims.

Even though such a robot can’t see yet, it senses by touching surfaces. Each touch changes an electric current, which the researchers realized that they could track. Xinyan Deng, a professor, and her colleagues at Purdue have been trying to decode (破译) hummingbird flight so that robots can fly where larger aircraft can’t. Deng’s group studied hummingbirds themselves for many summers in Montana. They documented key hummingbird actions, such as making a rapid 180-degree turn, and translated them to computer algorithms that the robot could learn from when connected with a simulation (模拟操作).

Further study on the physics of insects and hummingbirds allowed Purdue researchers to build robots smaller than hummingbirds--and even as small as insects-without compromising the way they fly. The smaller the size, the greater the wing flapping frequency, and the more efficiently they fly. The robots have 3D-printed bodies and wings made of carbon fiber. The researchers have built one hummingbird robot weighing 12 grams--the weight of the average adult hummingbird. The hummingbird robot can lift up to 27 grams.

Designing their robots with higher lift gives the researchers more room to eventually add a battery and sensing technology, such as a-camera or GPS. Currently, the robot needs to be tied to an energy source while it flies-but that won’t be for much longer, the researchers say. The robots could fly silently just as a real hummingbird does, making them more ideal for covert (转换) operations.

Robotic hummingbirds would not only help with search-and-rescue tasks, but also allow biologists to more reliably study hummingbirds. In their natural environment through the senses of a realistic robot. This work is part of Purdue’s 1501° anniversary. This is one of the four themes of the celebration’s Ideas Festival, designed to show Purdue as an intellectual center solving real-world issues.

1. The hummingbird robot could be helpful in searching for victims           .

A．in a very wide area	B．in a desert
C．in a dark place	D．in the sea

2. What can we know about the hummingbird robot?

A．It is as light as an insect.	B．It can fly to any place.
C．It can see where to go.	D．The smaller it is, the better.

3. What is the disadvantage of the robotic hummingbird at present?

A．It barely lifts its weight.	B．It’s not equipped with a battery.
C．It can’t fly too high in the sky.	D．It produces a little noise outside.

4. Besides being useful in rescues, the hummingbird robot can help           .

A．biologists to study hummingbirds	B．biologists to study wildlife
C．transport dangerous goods	D．protect birds in the wild

6 . For years, I thought a present and a gift as the same thing.

I grew up in a household where presents marked special ________ There was always a box for each of us under the tree at Christmas. _________, Dad always gave Mom something each Valentine’s Day and anniversary. He would carefully plan his shopping trips to find just the _______ thing. His joy in the hunt was proof of the _______of giving and of his love for her. I saw these presents as the _______ of a husband's devotion.

So when I married a man who did not give presents on a regular basis, it was an _______

I wrestled with my expectation. Gary did hot _______ avoid gift-giving. Gary would return from sea armed with a brown paper bag inside of which was something that _______ him of me. But mostly, he ignored holidays, _______ to shop for a thing to present to me as a sign of love.

I tried to change him ________. I prepared gifts for Christmas and for his birthdays ________. He appreciated the caring, but refused to do the same thing for me. I dropped hints, they ________ deaf ears.

I began to tell him what I wanted, giving ________ instructions. When Gary left for the market one Saturday, I asked him to find me diamond earrings as a birthday present. Yet he came home with a road scraper （刮路机）.

________when the snowstorm stopped later that year and he was at sea, I used the road scraper to plow （犁）out both our driveway and our neighbor's, thinking how ________ earrings would have been and it was then that I realized he had been giving me gifts all along. The gestures, large and small, born of his caring and concern were the ________that he gave daily.

We ________ to teach others how to love us. In that struggle, we often forget how to ________ the love they already give us as only they can give it.

I finally began to understand the ________ between a present and a gift. A present is a thing. But a gift is a small act of kindness, the willingness to ________ another's needs, the sacrifice of time and effort.

1.

A．locations

B．situations

C．occasions

D．conditions

2.

A．Additionally

B．Originally

C．Fortunately

D．Consequently

3.

A．cheap

B．astonishing

C．splendid

D．right

4.

A．pleasure

B．ambition

C．intention,

D．addiction

5.

A．example

B．emphasis

C．experiment

D．expression

6.

A．improvement

B．adjustment

C．excitement

D．enjoyment

7.

A．actively

B．willingly

C．patiently

D．wholly

8.

A．warned

B．reminded

C．convinced

D．informed

9.

A．refusing

B．announcing

C．demanding

D．rushing

10.

A．by tradition

B．by force

C．by example

D．by accident

11.

A．on purpose

B．in order

C．at random

D．on time

12.

A．absorbed in

B．cared for

C．fell on

D．broke down

13.

A．some

B．specific

C．brief

D．unusual

14.

A．And

B．So

C．Though

D．But

15.

A．precious

B．practical

C．useless

D．ugly

16.

A．promises

B．gifts

C．blessings

D．instructions

17.

A．struggle

B．fail

C．attempt

D．decide

18.

A．express

B．appreciate

C．return

D．share

19.

A．distance

B．similarity

C．difference

D．conflict

20.

A．fight against

B．laugh at

C．turn down

D．bend to

7 . Addiction is a term that we hear all the time but it’s a surprisingly tricky concept to pin down. Orally, we might say things like: “Oh, I downloaded this new game on my phone and I’m totally addicted to it.” But from a clinical perspective, we think of addiction as occurring when someone has found that their life whether it’s’ their relationships with friends or family, their ability to perform their jobs, or something else has been knocked off-kilter (冲昏头脑) by desire to perform behavior.

Prof Robert West, editor-in-chief of the journal Addiction, defines addiction “a psychological condition that involves repeated powerful motivation to engage in a behavior that’s learnt through experience, and that has either actual or potential harmful consequences”. Under this definition, it is possible to be addicted to anything—not just substances—if it turns from a want for it to a need for it, and it puts a person at risk of harm.

In 2008, Bowden-Jones set up the National Problem Gambling Clinic. To date, this is the only NHS-funded treatment center for people with problem gambling (赌博). Despite seeing some of the most severe cases of gambling addiction in the country in her clinic, she is keen to point out that the scale of the problem might not be as extreme as some would think. Despite lots of people gambling and the pervasive (遍布的) nature of gambling advertising, problem gamblers make up less than one per cent of the population.

Yet she wonders whether there is something about how modern technology has become increasingly risky. “The more you have availability, the more you uncover vulnerability,” she says. And there’s concern among researchers from several different countries that online games and apps are taking inspiration from gambling to keep people playing, and paying. These include what are known as “loot boxes”. These are prizes, paid for with real money, where the contents are not known until they’re purchased. Recent research has suggested purchase of these prizes is linked to higher levels of problematic gambling behavior.

However, Bowden-Jones points out that technological advances have also improved support for some people with problematic gambling. Software now exists to block gambling-related websites across people’s devices. Banking apps can allow a person to disable any ability to spend money on gambling, cautiously, by just toggling (切换) a switch. She believes that this is a big step forward -historically people were encouraged to hand their finances to their partners. This can put pressure on relationships and there is strong evidence to show it can increase domestic violence.

It’s hard to tell addiction is on the increase, partly because as yet there aren’t standardized measures by which to assess things like problematic gaming, and large-scale surveys have not been done. But just because we might see people glued to their phones while they’re on buses or trains or while walking down the street, it doesn’t mean we’ve become nation who are addicted to the Internet.

Nonetheless, in 2018 the World Health Organization announced that it was classifying gaming disorder as a mental health condition, decision they based on a review of the evidence and after discussion with experts. However, some researchers worry that this classification will lead to overdiagnosis of gaming The NHS does not offer treatment for gaming disorder, and a pilot treatment clinic has been delayed. It’s clear that we know very little about how many people have gaming disorder, and it’s likely that the vast majority of people who play games do so with no harm to their health whatsoever. Having said that, for those who are worried, it is possible to spot the warning signs of pleasurable activity becoming compulsion (强迫力), either in yourself or in those around you.

Robert West has some final words of advice for those individuals who are trying to reduce their need for a behavior. “Self-control is much easier when you set fixed boundaries than when you leave the rules more flexible,” he explains. Be strict with yourself and don’t allow your boundaries to slide, then even if you do slip up, you can get back on track.

1. What is addiction according to the first two paragraphs?

A．It is a repeated desire to perform a behavior.

B．It is a physical and mental condition.

C．It is a habit of downloading new games.

D．It is the direct result of carelessness.

2. What does Bowden-Jones think of gambling addiction?

A．It is affected by gambling advertising.

B．Its scale is small and fewer people develop it.

C．It can be treated in a NHS-funded center.

D．Its severity is beyond imagination of some people.

3. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 4 mean?

A．Online apps take inspiration from gambling.

B．More prizes lead to more gambling behavior.

C．More money brings more prizes in loot boxes.

D．Too much use of technology brings more risk.

4. What do technological advances in Paragraph 5 indicate?

A．Banking apps are popular among banks.

B．They can increase domestic violence.

C．They can bring about positive results.

D．Software can block gambling-related websites.

5. Why do researchers worry about the classification of gaming disorder?

A．Playing games do no harm to lot of people.

B．We’ve become a nation addicted to the internet.

C．It isn’t scientific and may lead to wrong diagnosis.

D．A pleasant activity may become a strong force.

6. What does the passage mainly talk about?

A．Is addiction on the rise?	B．How addiction is defined?
C．Is Robert West’s advice reasonable?	D．What is Bowden Jones’s research?

8 . Here are four pieces of news from China Daily.

SHANGHAI — The Huachen Group recently held a meeting in Shanghai to show the use of its newly opened tourism business payment network. The network aims to serve tourists from all over the world, but especially from Europe and the United States where credit cards are popularly used. After opening the www.chinaecnet.com website, netizens can get information about hotels and tourism services on tourism page. Hotels and services can be reserved and payments made through credit cards. The network opened in February in Beijing.

SYDNEY — The Sydney Olympic flame will travel underwater on Australia’s Great Barrier Reef during the torch relay following a successful test. Scuba diver Wendy Craig, a marine biologist, will carry the torch on a three-to-four-minute underwater journey at Agincourt Reef on June 27, creating Olympic history, organizers said yesterday. Burning at 2000 degrees, the torch is expected to remain a light three meters underwater because of the special technology which creates a fierce flame that can not be drowned out by water.

Charles Tegner, managing director of torch creator, said the flame would burn like a flare (照明弹) from oxygen-producing chemicals.

BEIJING — The election of a new leader in Taiwan can not change the fact that Taiwan is a part of Chinese territory. “Taiwan Independence” in whatever form will never be allowed, according to a statesman of China’s central government.

“We should listen to what the new leader in Taiwan says and watch what he does. We will observe where he will lead cross-Straits (海峡两岸) relations. We are willing to exchange views on cross-Straits relations and peaceful reunification with all parties, organizations and personages in Taiwan who favor the one China principle,” says the statesman, which was released by the Taiwan Affairs Office of the CPC Central Committee.

HAIKOU — Customs officers in Haikou recently stopped a boat loaded with 781 cases of foreign-brand cigarettes being smuggled (走私) into China. The smuggled cigarettes cases, packed into two containers, were disguised to avoid being examined. The boat was registered in the coastal city of Xiamen in East China’s Fujian Province. All eight suspects aboard the boat were kept by the police in Haikou.

1. Why does the network aim to serve tourists especially from Europe and the USA?

A．Because they are from developed countries.

B．Because the payments of hotels and services should be made through credit cards.

C．Because people in these countries travel much more than other countries.

D．Because it is more convenient for them to surf the Internet.

2. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the second piece of news?

A．The whole torch relay will be held three-four metres underwater.

B．The underwater journey of the torch will play an important part in Olympic history.

C．A test has been made before this activity.

D．Some chemicals will help the flame burn by producing oxygen.

3. Which is the best title for the third piece of news?

A．Ready to Fight

B．No Good End

C．Wait and See

D．Peace Comes First

4. Which of the following best explains the underlined word disguised in the last piece of news?

A．made different from normal

B．designed for a good purpose

C．divided

D．pretended

9 . As John George remembers it, the Detroit neighborhood he grew up in was straight out of Frank Capra's It's a Wonderful Life. ''We knew all our neighbors,'' George, 60, told Detroit's Metro Times. ''On Christmas Eve, we'd all go to midnight Mass, and there would be 300 people in our house at one o'clock to about five in the morning. The folks were just really good, hardworking people. ''

By the 80s, however, the old neighborhood was more Pottersville than Bedford Falls. Due in part to economic downturns and a nationwide drug epidemic (泛滥), well-kept homes had been abandoned and kindly neighbors had fled to the suburbs. But not George. ''Living in any city, it's like being in a relationship,'' he told Reader's Digest. ''Some days are better than others. But it was my home. And when I saw it deteriorating, I had two choices: I could leave, or I could stay and fight. I decided to stay and fight. ''

When the abandoned home behind his turned into a crack den, the father of two grabbed some plywood and nails and began boarding up the house. After two neighbors stopped to ask what he was doing, they decided to help, with great results. ''When the drug dealers came back, they turned around and went home,'' says George. ''That's how it all got started. ''

''It'' is Detroit Blight Busters, or DBB, an organization of civic-minded volunteers devoted to reviving the city they love, one abandoned house, one vacant lot, and one garbage-strewn park at a time.

In the 30 years since that first home rescue, an army of approximately 182,000 volunteers, along with corporate and private donors, has helped George destroy around 300 abandoned homes, mostly in the poorer Northwest area of Detroit. They've also secured 400-some homes by boarding them up, thus keeping bad actors out. They've painted and renovated nearly 900 homes and built over 100 from scratch. According to Forbes, more than 1,000 Detroiters have been housed as a result of DBB's work.

''I'm half Lebanese, half Italian, and 100 percent Detroit stubborn, '' George told nationswell.com. ''Once we get something in our heart and in our head, it's almost autopilot. ''

But that was only the beginning. In 2003, George also breathed life into a dilapidated (破旧的) square mile of Detroit by turning it into Artist Village, an area now filled with galleries, a performance space, community gardens, a coffee shop, and outdoor courtyards. Because this region of North Detroit was a food desert, George also persuaded a supermarket chain to move into the neighborhood.

''Blight is like a cancer: If you don't set upon it, it will spread,'' George told thehubdetroit.com. And then there's Halloween. In Detroit, October 30 was ruefully known as Devil's Night, a period when all hell would break loose in the form of crime and vandalism. In response, George created a citizens' patrol (巡逻队) that would take to the streets, keeping an eye on suspicious behavior. He called it Angels’ Night. What began with 12 neighbors on patrol in 1990 has grown to more than 60,000 citywide.

George's inspired ideas have not gone unnoticed by the city he loves.''John wants to show that there is still something to Detroit. That it's still worth it,'' says real estate agent Robert LaBute. And others are buying into it.''We're seeing the trend of younger homeowners coming in.''

Is George proud of having boosted his once-ailing hometown? You'd better believe he is. As he puts it: ''We are on the front porch of the greatest urban comeback story in this nation’s history. ''

1. Why was John George reluctant to leave Detroit?

A．He wanted to save his city.

B．He enjoyed a wonderful life.

C．He stayed to fight against drugs.

D．He got along with his neighbors.

2. What was the result of the first home rescue?

A．An official organization was founded.

B．A voluntary movement began with it.

C．A better neighbor relationship was formed.

D．The drug dealers mended their ways at last.

3. The data provided in Paragraph 5 suggest that ______.

A．many people have been lifted out of poverty

B．many abandoned homes have been destroyed

C．DBB has done a lot to bring the city back to life

D．the number of the volunteers has been increasing

4. What did John George do to revive the city of Detroit ?

A．He transformed the city into an industrial area.

B．He created a citizen's patrol to prevent crimes.

C．He expanded investment in real estate business.

D．He built a supermarket chain in the neighborhood.

5. According to the passage, John George can be described as ______.

A．cautious and creative

B．stubborn and ambitious

C．proud and self-centered

D．strong-willed and inspiring

6. What's the best title for the passage?

A．The Life of a Hero

B．Detroit's Proud Tiger

C．The Power of Devotion

D．The Blooming of Detroit

10 . Humans once opposed coffee and refrigeration. Here’s why we often hate new stuff.

Humans have a habit of deliberately delaying their own progress. From coffee to mechanical refrigeration to genetically altered food, history is littered with innovations that caused resistance before they become fixtures in everyday life. But the past 600 years of human history help to explain why humans often oppose new technologies and why that pattern of opposition continues to this day. Calestous Juma, a professor of Harvard University, explores this phenomenon in his latest book, Innovation and Its Enemies: Why People Resist New Technologies.

Among Juma’s claims is that people do not fear innovation simply because the technology is new, but because innovation often means losing a piece of their identity or lifestyle, and separating people from nature or their sense of purpose—— two things that are fundamental to the human experience.

Juma identified in his research three key sources of opposition to innovation: those with commercial interests in existing products, those who identify with existing products, and those who might lose power as a result of change. The first group is perhaps the most obvious. Many industries have been disrupted by innovation. Just take a look at the pointless efforts of music publishers to stop the shift to digital music. Some consumers might oppose an innovation because the existing product is deeply rooted in their identity, culture or customs. Britons preferred tea time at home to sitting in a coffee shop, for example. Finally, the emergence of new technologies can also result in a shift in economic and political power, redistributing wealth and influence away from some groups, and toward others. The expansion of tractors （ 拖拉机） and other mechanical equipment reduced the need for farm labor, and the shift in population away from rural areas had significant political implications.

Humans make decisions about new innovations with their instinct rather than evidence. Opponents and enthusiasts of a new technology will often make shocking claims to support their arguments. Sometimes these claims are rooted in fact; other times they are not. People once claimed coffee could make you sterile （不育的）. Juma said beneath those arguments was typically an instinctive fear of new technologies, rather than a reasoned response. “People react intuitively, and they collect the evidence to support what they’re doing,”Juma said. “They see a new product and there is an emotional reaction to that product because it challenges their outlook on the world. This has been the story with almost every new product.”

Historically, technologists have been more concerned with the functionality of the products they create, paying less attention to the implications it may have on society at large, Juma contends. Fortunately, that may be starting to change.

1. What does the underlined phrase in paragraph 1 probable mean?

A．is in favour of

B．is full of

C．encourages

D．is held back

2. We can infer from the first two paragraphs that Juma’s book_____.

A．explores why history often repeats itself

B．focuses on the impact of technology on nature

C．analyzes the role of technology in social progress

D．researches the recurrence of a certain phenomenon

3. Which of the following statements is correct according to Paragraph 4?

A．A successful technological innovation can affect population flow.

B．British people have a strong sense of independence.

C．Opposition to innovation is mainly caused by loss of cultural identity.

D．Young people prefer digital music to traditional recordings.

4. In Juma’s opinion, people’s resistance to new technologies_____.

A．is a natural response

B．is not based on fact

C．arises from fear of challenges

D．reflects their prejudiced view of the world

5. It is implied in the last paragraph that technologists should give more consideration to_____.

A．the functionality of new products

B．the social usefulness of new products

C．the potential danger of new products

D．the social influence of new products