1 . There is no denying that students should learn something about how computers work, just as we expect them at least to understand that the internal-combustion engine(内燃机）has something to do with burning fuel, expanding gases and pistons(活塞）being driven. For people should have some basic idea of how the things that they use do what they do. Further, students might be helped by a course that considers the computer's impact on society. But that is not what is meant by computer literacy.For computer literacy is not a form of literacy(读写能力）; it is a trade skill that should not be taught as a liberal art.

Learning how to use a computer and learning how to program one are two distinct activities. A case might be made that the competent citizens of tomorrow should free themselves from their fear of computers. But this is quite different from saying that all ought to know how to program one.Leave that to people who have chosen programming as a career. While programming can be lots of fun, and while our society needs some people who are experts at it, the same is true of auto repair and violin-making.

Learning how to use a computer is not that difficult, and it gets easier all the time as programs become more "user-friendly". Let us assume that in the future everyone is going to have to know how to use a computer to be a competent citizen. What does the phrase learning to use a computer mean? It sounds like "learning to drive a car", that is, it sounds as if there is some set of definite skills that, once acquired, enable one to use a computer.

In fact,"learning to use a computer"is much more like"learning to play a game", but learning the rules of one game may not help you play a second game,whose rules may not be the same.There is no such a thing as teaching someone how to use a computer. One can only teach people to use this or that program and generally that is easily accomplished.

1. To be the competent citizens of tomorrow, people should_____.

A．try to lay a solid foundation in computer science

B．be aware of how the things that they use do what they do

C．learn to use a computer by acquiring a certain set of skills

D．understand that programming a computer is more essential than repairing a car

2. In Para2 "auto repair" and “violin-making" are mentioned to show that_______.

A．programming a computer is as interesting as making a violin

B．people who can use a computer don't necessarily have to know computer programming

C．violin making requires as much skill as computer programming

D．our society needs experts in different fields

3. Learning to use a computer is getting easier all the time because______.

A．programs are designed to be convenient to users

B．programs are becoming less complicated

C．programming is becoming easier and easier

D．programs are becoming readily available to computer users

4. According to the author,the phrase "learning to use a computer" in Para.3 means learning_____.

A．a set of rules

B．the fundamentals of computer science

C．specific programs

D．general principles of programming

5. The author's purpose in writing this passage is______.

A．to stress the impact of the computer on society

B．to emphasize that computer programming is an interesting and challenging job

C．to illustrate the requirements for being competent citizens of tomorrow

D．to explain the concept of computer literacy

2 . A Visitor Oyster card is the cheapest way to pay for a single adult journey in London. It's a plastic smartcard.You can use it on the bus, tube, tram, DL R. London Overground and most National Rail services. It's much cheaper than buying individual tickets, in some cases costing 50%less than the price of a regular paper ticket.

How to get a Visitor Oyster card

You can buy a Visitor Oyster card online.Your card will be delivered by post.The card costs ￡5 and you choose how much money you want to add to the card. This means you can start using the card the moment you arrive in Central London.

How does the Visitor Oyster card work?

The Oyster card works on a pay-as-you-go system.You start by adding money to the card. Then you travel, the cost of the fare will automatically be deducted from your Visitor Oyster card. For example, if you add ￡20 to the card and make a tube journey of￡2.30, you will have ￡17.70 left on the card.

A few more points:

A child under the age of ll travels free when accompanied by an adult.

You'll save more money if you use the tube several times.The Visitor Oyster card is capped at ￡6.80 per day.

You'll pay more during peak times.Peak fares apply from Monday to Friday(6:30 am- 9:30 am;4:00 pm-7:00 pm).except for public holidays.

Reuse the Oyster card by adding credit at a tube station,Oyster ticket shop or Visitor Centre.

Receive a discount on the Thames Clippers River Bus services:

1. What can we learn about the Visitor Oyster card?

A．You can't use it during public holidays.

B．You can have it mailed directly to your home.

C．You can get a free Oyster card if you order online.

D．You can receive a 50%discount at any shop in London.

2. How much money will be deducted if you take the tube four times in a day with a Visitor Oyster card?

A．￡2.30.	B．￡3.40.
C．￡6.80.	D．￡9.20.

3. Where can you add credit to your Visitor Oyster card?

A．At a tube station.

B．At a bus station.

C．On the Internet

D．In convenience stores.

4. What does the underlined word“capped"mean in English?

A．set an upper limit

B．meet a deadline

C．follow a principle

D．prohibit visiting

3 . ＂You can't make an omelet(煎蛋饼）without breaking a few eggs", meaning that it is hard to achieve something important without causing unpleasant effects.This is _______correct as l am going to share with you a(n) _______ during the last Arts Festival.

As everyone was _______ that we had won first place in the former play competition, all wanted to join our_______ for the upcoming Arts Fest play performance. _______the rule was that only seven members were allowed in the group. It was a very big_______ as I was made the group leader. I was responsible for selecting the members. All my friends _______and wanted to join the group. I was really being cruel _______most of them to be a part of the group. The father of a friend of mine_______called me and talked to me________5, insulting me. He said his child wanted to do the main ________As I knew that the competition would be so tough that I would have to ________the best students who could really act quite well. Everyone around was   ________ with me."Oh!Don't show off. Do you really think you are ________?" That was what I heard and this made me really upset and I even thought of ________the group. Even though they all criticized me, we all ________practicing. At last it was the day of the play. We all did our ________ very well. Our play became the center of attraction.

After the play everyone________ us. Then two days later the results were declared and our group________the first position. All those who criticized me started appreciating....So to   conclude, to attain________,sometimes we have to speak impolitely or we may be separated from everyone but the result will be favorable to us all.

1.

A．equally

B．nearly

C．partly

D．perfectly

2.

A．experience

B．fact

C．result

D．truth

3.

A．certain

B．aware

C．confident

D．surprised

4.

A．class

B．club

C．group

D．circle

5.

A．So

B．Though

C．And

D．But

6.

A．event

B．problem

C．plan

D．choice

7.

A．worried

B．waited

C．requested

D．replied

8.

A．refusing

B．expecting

C．allowing

D．inviting

9.

A．still

B．also

C．ever

D．even

10.

A．secretly

B．politely

C．rudely

D．clearly

11.

A．person

B．character

C．hero

D．leader

12.

A．select

B．attract

C．find

D．recommend

13.

A．satisfied

B．friendly

C．strict

D．cross

14.

A．nobody

B．anybody

C．somebody

D．everybody

15.

A．improving

B．quitting

C．developing

D．managing

16.

A．went on

B．ended up

C．aimed at

D．got at

17.

A．goals

B．tasks

C．jobs

D．roles

18.

A．helped

B．congratulated

C．liked

D．cared

19.

A．wished

B．missed

C．bagged

D．desired

20.

A．success

B．opportunity

C．respect

D．reputation

4 . Dr.Teruo Higa was born on December 28, 1941 on Okinawa and grew up there. He studied agriculture and took his doctorate from the Agricultural Research Department of Kyushu University Graduate School. He became a lecturer in 1970 and has been professor of horticulture since 1982.

Dr.Higa is famous for creating EM technology.He created EM technology in order to address the problem of excess wastes and bad farming techniques in the present-day world. EM stands for effective microorganisms. It is a multi-culture of coexisting anaerobic and aerobic microorganisms. Microorganisms are the smallest complete units of life. They can exist independent of a bigger organism. Bacteria are considered microorganisms. They are constantly at work, some helping bigger organisms,and others bringing decay and bad health. These opposing processes of constructive and destructive forces are always ongoing, creating a balance. If the balance tips towards the destructive side, the host organism grows ill. lf it tips towards the constructive side, the organism experiences good health.

These organisms can be used in farming to create a good growing environment for all kinds of crops and animals. The process involves collecting human and animal waste products such as kitchen garbage and manure. This is then sealed into a barrel along with a certain amount of EM powder. The microorganisms then turn the waste into mulch, which acts as a great source of nutrients for crops and animals. Rice paddies that are treated with EM produce harvests that are much bigger than those of conventional farms. Moreover, EM rice paddies require less tilling and weeding than other paddies.

Dr.Teruo Higa's ideas have caught on around the world. One of his biggest successes was in North Korea, where his technology was used to create a record-breaking crop yield. EM helped many crops, such as corn, Welsh onions and Chinese cabbages in North Korea. For the impoverished nation, this was a godsend.

1. Why is Dr.Teruo Higa famous?

A．He is a professor of horticulture.

B．He created EM technology.

C．He started making too much waste.

D．He is a great farmer.

2. Which of the following best describe microorganisms?

A．The smallest complete units of life.

B．Something that causes bad health.

C．Necessary for good health.

D．An unimportant part of farming.

3. What do microorganisms do in the EM process?

A．They destroy waste products.

B．They cause ill health.

C．They turn waste into a useful mulch.

D．They decrease the size of harvests.

4. What happened into North Korea?

A．It was a rich country.

B．They decided not to use EM technology.

C．Dr.Higa was not invited to the country.

D．EM technology led to a record-breaking harvest.

5. What does the underlined word"impoverished"mean in English?

A．Rich.	B．Poor.
C．Far away	D．Large.

5 . Many parents worry that showing negative emotions in front of their children will cause them to suffer. For example, children may end up thinking it's their fault or simply "catch" the emotion. Indeed, this worry has a sound basis — the phenomenon of “emotional contagion"（情绪感染）is real, and one recent study found that parents can transfer their fear of going to the dentist, for example, to their children.

On the other hand, there is the natural idea that we should “be real" with our children, and that they will benefit from watching a parent who struggles and eventually deals with their negative emotions like any other human being.

There are three concepts to consider when it comes to emotional display in front of children: suppression （压抑），"uncontained" expression, and talking about emotions. Suppression of emotion is when you hide the outward signs of an emotion. Unfortunately, it doesn't work very well — the act of suppressing your emotion actually increases your blood pressure. Observers can pick up on your distress despite your efforts to hide it, making them feel stressed. The recent research has also found that when parents feel negative emotions and keep them from their children, they experience lower relationship quality and decreased responsiveness to their child's needs.

On the other hand, “uncontained" expression of anger and sadness by the parent is also not salutary for the child. Uncontained means high intensity emotion, with no attempts to regulate or take ownership of it. Shouting, smashing （摔）things and blaming someone else for "making you angry" are all example of this .

So, what is the middle ground? That would be talking about emotion taking ownership of them and showing your child that you are trying to deal with them. Classic research found that six-year-old kids had better emotional understanding and perspective-taking skills if their mothers had talked to them about their emotions at the age of three. In fact, the more the mothers had talked, the better the outcome would be.

So next time you feel sad, angry or frustrated and your child is watching you expressing emotion, do explain what's going on in terms they can understand.

1. The author uses the example of going to the dentist mainly to _______.

A．explain parents' common fear

B．introduce the topic of negative emotions

C．show children may catch parents' emotions

D．present the consequences of transferring negative emotions

2. If a mother suppresses （(压抑)）her emotions, .

A．she will not make her kids feel stressed

B．she can hide her emotions from her kids

C．she will often shout at her kids for no reasons

D．she can't respond effectively to her kids' needs

3. What does the underlined word "salutary" in Paragraph 4 probably mean?

A．Enough.	B．Beneficial.
C．Necessary.	D．Reliable.

4. What is the author's intention of writing this text?

A．To encourage parents to "be real" with our children.

B．To call on parents to develop a positive attitude to life.

C．To inform parents of the consequences of negative emotions.

D．To recommend parents to talk about negative emotions with children.

5. What's the structure of the text?

A．	B．
C．	D．

6 . Many people around me make a difference to the world on a daily bas — being kind in unexpected ways and sharing the generosity of their lives with others. I, like many of them, volunteer some of my time in order to give back just a little of what I am so blessed to have. I volunteered to go to Guatemala with an eyeglass team from International Relief Teams — an organization I have supported in other ways for many years.

Our team went to a small town in Guatemala, San Augustin. We set up our tables and packages of pre-made glasses in the dirty courtyard of a clinic, put up the Snellen chart (an eye chart) on a wall, and began our work.

Young and old people came from many of the surrounding towns. Most had never received an eye exam before. They waited for hours patiently in the sun, never complaining. If we could help them out, their thankfulness for a simple pair of glasses was overwhelming. Some only left with eye drops or sunglasses, and even these people expressed their gratitude sincerely. All of them were very generous with blessings and smiles. We heard over and over from people who knew their eyes needed help but they had not gone to a doctor because it was too expensive, or had not got the glasses they needed for the same reason.

It’s so easy to overlook how much difference the volunteers’ small actions can make to the lives of people in Guatemala. The glasses in my country are so easily available, but to people in Guatemala, they are not.

As those who could give them a hand, we watched their lives change. What a gift sight is — and what a difference being able to see clearly makes! Here, we’d like you to join us and take action to help people in need. And every day, those actions change lives. No action is too small; no action is ever wasted.

1. According to Paragraph 1, the author is probably ________.

A．a major host of good deeds

B．a sponsor of an eyeglass team

C．a generous neighbor in his community

D．a supporter of International Relief Teams

2. What do we know about the volunteers in the eyeglass team?

A．Their working environment is simple.

B．They are medical experts nationwide.

C．Their initial preparation is inadequate.

D．They have served people in Guatemala for years.

3. Which of the following words can be used to describe most people in Guatemala?

A．Kind and helpful.	B．Poor but grateful.
C．Considerate and patient.	D．Knowledgeable but unhealthy.

4. What can we infer from Paragraph 4?

A．Rome was not built in a day.

B．Actions speak louder than words.

C．Don’t look down upon those less fortunate.

D．Don’t take what you have today for granted.

5. What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage?

A．To urge people to protect their eyes.

B．To ask people to volunteer in Guatemala.

C．To call on people to do good deeds in daily life.

D．To show the difficult life of people in Guatemala.

7 . You can choose happiness regardless of your circumstances. You can choose to be happy no matter what challenges life brings you. Let the following simple strategies guide you back to your natural happy state.

Make lemonade when life gives you lemons.

Besides happiness, trouble will also be part of life. It’s how you choose to react to your situations that make the difference. If you look at something hard enough, you’ll see the positive side of it.

Do what you love doing.

Do you have a lifelong dream or desire? If so, start working towards it. Taking baby steps towards a goal will help you feel like you’re accomplishing something. You’ll find drive and determination to reach that goal when it’s something you love doing.

Use one of your talents.

One reason why so many people are unhappy is that they’re not doing what they’re called to do with their God-given talents. Each of us has a purpose in life. You have natural talents to help you achieve your purpose, so use your talents effectively.

Call a friend who you know is positive and cheerful.

Talk about your feelings and listen to their advice. Usually, people allow themselves to go deeper and deeper into self-depression. The truth is that you don’t have to be sad. You can decide to be happy. You just have to make up your mind to do so.

Gratitude is the quickest cure for sadness.

When you focus on what’s wrong with your life, you forget to look at what’s right and good. Take a step back and reflect on your life. Do you have children or family to be thankful for? Yes, they may not be the person we’d like them to be, but imagine life without them. Now, be thankful that you have them in your life.

Let your feelings out on paper.

Often you’ll find that just getting your feelings down on paper will allow you to work through them, helping you feel better about yourself and your beautiful life!

1. The first paragraph is used to _______.

A．expect readers to ignore themselves

B．start a discussion among readers

C．introduce the topic to readers

D．carry out a challenge among readers

2. It can be inferred from Paragraph 2 that _______.

A．trouble is part of life

B．lemonade is very delicious

C．life is full of sweetness and bitterness

D．lemons can only be used to make lemonade

3. The underlined word “God-given” in Paragraph 4 is closest in meaning to“_______”.

A．diverse	B．natural
C．excellent	D．learned

4. Which of the following strategies is NOT mentioned in this passage?

A．Be grateful.	B．Do many activities.
C．Call a cheerful friend.	D．Use one of your talents.

5. The author writes the passage for _______ people.

A．excited	B．depressed
C．bad-tempered	D．kind-hearted

8 . With an eye for style and a heart for the environment, 18-year-old Alexis Giger launched a do-it-yourself blog aimed at “reducing your environmental impact fashionably”.

The idea was sparked (激发) by the ecology unit in her biology class at Charlotte Latin School last year, she said, which taught her about issues like deforestation and habitat destruction. “I started thinking about what I could do to stop the wastefulness in my immediate community,” the fashion lover said.

The blog, ecouturieracg.wordpress.com, aims to make reusing thrift store (旧货店) finds or last season’s pieces easy and fashionable while cutting down on the resources consumed by garment production, Alexis said. Through online research, she discovered that a simple cotton T-shirt takes more than 700 gallons of water to make.

“It made me realize that the fashion industry consumes huge amounts of natural resources as it relies on producing garments quickly and in large supply – many of the garments are only intended to be worn three or four times,” she said.

Alexis had a number of tools to help her get started. Her mom, Kimberly, taught her to sew when she was 5. Her grandmother taught her to crochet (钩边) around the same time. Alexis said she also gained technical knowledge and inspiration from her part-time job at a clothing company that creates theater wardrobes for schools and drama productions.

Prior to the blog launch, she spent several months illustrating “recycling” projects by creating photo tutorials. Though Ecouturier hasn’t been online long, she’s been getting positive feedback. “I’ve had people come up to me in the hall and say, ‘Hey, I saw your blog. I’m working on one of the projects right now,’” Alexis said.

She said she hasn’t bought a brand-new piece of clothing since last July, and her thrift store shopping has paid off with finds such as a $5 (31 yuan) dress she wore to homecoming.

“Taking an hour from Saturday afternoon to make something for yourself can really have an impact on the environment. A little change every day can really add up,” Alexis said.

1. What inspired Alexis to launch a do-it-yourself blog?

A．Her talent at making handicrafts.

B．Her fascination with the fashion industry.

C．Her part-time work experiences.

D．Her growing concern for the environment after taking a biology class.

2. What is the content of the blog Alexis set up?

A．It sells items made from thrift store finds.

B．It teaches people how to choose thrift store goods.

C．It encourages people to remake their clothing in a cool way.

D．It informs people of the bad effects of deforestation and habitat destruction.

3. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A．In order to promote her blog, Alexis is spending a lot of time online every day.

B．The projects on Alexis’ blog have convinced some people to try recycling clothes themselves.

C．Alexis has been dreaming of working in the fashion industry since she was a child.

D．To start the blog, Alexis learned from her mother and grandmother how to sew and crochet.

4. The underlined word “feedback” in Paragraph 6 is closest in meaning to ________.

A．attitude

B．advice

C．response

D．approach

5. Which of the following best describes Alexis?

A．Creative and responsible.

B．Smart and cooperative.

C．Independent and humorous.

D．Fashionable and amusing.

9 . Fitness Center Timetable

	Monday	Tuesday	Wednesday	Thursday	Friday	Saturday	Sunday
7:15 a.m.	Body Power	Aerobics	Body Stretch		Aerobics	Body Burn	Body Stretch
10:30 a.m.	Beginner Aerobics		Beginner Aerobics		Aerobics	Body Stretch
12:30 p.m.	Body Stretch	Body Burn		Aerobics	Beginner Aerobics		Body Burn
3:00 p.m.		Beginner Aerobics		Body Stretch	Body Burn	Beginner Aerobics
4:45 p.m.	Body Burn	Aerobics	Aerobics	Body Power	Body Power	Body Stretch
5:30 p.m.	Aerobics	Body Power	Body Power	Body Burn	Body Stretch		Body Power
6:30 p.m.	Aerobics	Body Burn	BodyBurn	Beginner Aerobics		Body Power
7:30 p.m.	Beginner Aerobics	Body Stretch	Beginner Aerobics	Aerobics

Body Power: This class uses weights and aerobic movements (a form of very active physical exercise) to increase strength while burning fat. It is suitable for all levels for fitness.

Aerobics: This is a low to middle level of difficulty aerobic class. It is good for beginner to average levels of fitness.

Beginner Aerobics: This class has a low level of difficulty and simple aerobic movements. It is mainly for people who have not exercised before or who are just returning after a long break or injury.

Body Stretch (hold your arms or legs out straight and tighten your muscles): This is a relaxation class which stretches all the muscle groups. It is suitable for all levels of fitness. People who exercise regularly or have a stressful lifestyle would also greatly improve their health in this class.

Body Burn: This is a high level of difficulty aerobic class that mainly aims at fat burning. It is only for those people with a very high level of fitness.

1. On Wednesday the fitness class at 6: 30 p. m. is______ .

A．Aerobics	B．Body Power
C．Body Burn	D．Beginner Aerobics

2. The two classes that are suitable for all levels of fitness are______ .

A．Aerobics and Body Power	B．Body Burn and Aerobics
C．Body Power and Body Stretch	D．Body Stretch and Beginner Aerobics

3. Lena wants to go to the City Gym on Friday. She has not exercised for a long time. The best time for her to go would be______ .

A．3:00 p.m.	B．5:30 p.m.
C．7:15 a. m.	D．12:30 p.m.

4. The main goal of the Body Burn is to______ .

A．reduce fat	B．reduce stress
C．increase strength	D．increase muscle size

10 . With his leg lame and his teeth uneven, the boy thought of himself as the most unfortunate child in the world. He____played with his classmates, and when asked to answer questions, he always ___his head without a word.

One spring, his father brought home some saplings (树苗). ___of his children would plant a sapling and he promised, “Whoever____his sapling best shall get a gift.” The boy certainly wanted to get the gift.____seeing his brothers and sisters watering the trees, he____an idea: he hoped the tree he planted would die soon. So watering it once or twice, he never___ it.

Several days later, he was ___to find it not only didn’t die, but also grew so many fresh____. Compared with those of his brothers’ and sisters’, his appeared greener. His father kept his __ , bought the boy a gift and said he would become an outstanding ___after growing up.

From then on, the boy slowly became____and confident. One evening, he suddenly ___his biology teacher once said that plants ___grow at night. Why not go to see the tree?

When he came to the courtyard, he found his father working near the tree! Immediately he____: Father had been secretly____his tree! He returned to his room, tears in his eyes.

Decades passed. The boy didn’t become a botanist. ___, he became the U.S. __. His name was Franklin Roosevelt.

__ is the best nourishment (滋养品) of life.___ it is just a bucket of water, it can make the tree of life grow well!

1.

A．seldom

B．ever

C．still

D．often

2.

A．held

B．lowered

C．raised

D．covered

3.

A．Both

B．None

C．Each

D．One

4.

A．likes

B．grows

C．protects

D．watches

5.

A．And

B．But

C．Or

D．So

6.

A．came up with

B．got rid of

C．put forward

D．cared for

7.

A．contributed to

B．turned to

C．got used to

D．attended to

8.

A．disappointed

B．frightened

C．surprised

D．amused

9.

A．roots

B．seeds

C．branches

D．leaves

10.

A．balance

B．word

C．agreement

D．opinion

11.

A．botanist

B．gardener

C．president

D．teacher

12.

A．satisfied

B．optimistic

C．independent

D．upset

13.

A．believed

B．remembered

C．repeated

D．knew

14.

A．probably

B．hardly

C．recently

D．generally

15.

A．understood

B．doubted

C．wondered

D．admitted

16.

A．cutting

B．watering

C．decorating

D．fertilizing

17.

A．Therefore

B．Besides

C．Instead

D．Moreover

18.

A．president

B．doctor

C．lawyer

D．teacher

19.

A．Water

B．Love

C．Disability

D．Father

20.

A．So long as

B．If only

C．Even though

D．Now that