1 . If you watched the 2018 Winter Olympics, then you might have noticed the suits that the athletes wore. Have you ever wondered why they look so unique? Besides making the athletes look stylish, the suits can also help them move faster. This is especially true for speed skaters.

Wave your hand around in the air. You might feel some air moving around your hand, but you probably don’t think that it can slow your hand down. But if you wave your hand around in some water, you can feel that it is not easy to move your hand. This is called drag (阻力). Air has less drag than water, but it can affect your speed.

Speed skaters wear suits that reduce drag. The suit makes the surface of their body smooth. This way, the air moves more easily over their body and there is less drag.

The US speed skating team’s suits were made out of a white nylon-spandex (尼龙氨纶) mix called H1. When we move, we leave a vacuum (真空) hole of air behind us that can slow us down. Speed skaters need to make it as small as possible. The H1 fabric (织物) can help with this. The fabric makes the airflow behind moving objects more steady and therefore makes the hole smaller, Wired magazine reported.

The H1 fabric was used for the arms and legs of the team’s suits. That’s because human arms and legs move more and feel more drag.

Wearing high-tech suits might not decide the final victor in a competition. But the suits give athletes the best tool to do their job.

1. What was the main goal in making the speed skaters’ suits?

A．To make them stylish.	B．To reduce drag.
C．To help the body relax.	D．To make air move slowly.

2. What does the underlined word “it” in Paragraph 4 refer to??

A．A white nylon-spandex mix.	B．The H1 fabric.
C．A vacuum hole of air.	D．The airflow.

3. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?

A．A special suit is a tool for athletes to do their job.

B．The H1 fabric is made out of cotton.

C．The H1 fabric was used to make the entirety of the suits.

D．Water has less drag than air.

4. What would be the best title for the passage?

A．Skaters in Competitions	B．Changes Happening in Suits
C．Ways of Changing Suits	D．High-tech Suits for Skaters

2 . There are no hard and fast rules that say you must exercise in the morning to reach your weight loss or fitness goals.     1     Here are some tips to keep you active and ready for your nighttime workouts.

Work out Close to the Office

Ideally, you would want to wear your workout clothes under your work clothes to keep you in the mindset all day. But, if your job requires you to wear heels and a skirt or a suit and tie, this might not be reasonable. Instead, bring your workout clothes to work with you and change before you leave the office.     2    

Plan Your Evening Meal

If you are responsible for making dinner in your household, don’t let that be an excuse to skip the gym. This is why slow-cookers were invented.     3     Having a meal waiting at home for you not only takes away the stress of planning a meal when you walk in the door, but it decreases the chances of you blowing your workout.

Choose a Workout for Your Mood

    4     Consider something different, maybe the stair climber. Walk around the gym and see what attracts you, forcing yourself to take part in a workout that doesn’t attract your mood will only lead to a waste of your time.

    5    

While there are some people who can walk into the gym and just get started most people need a project. Sometime, during the day when you have a moment, make a list of the exercises you hope to accomplish.

A．Plan your workout.

B．Take a special class.

C．There are many benefits for working out at night.

D．Working out at night is a better choice for a lot of people.

E．They were designed to help people manage their time and create healthy meals.

F．The surest way to fail at a workout is to choose something you sincerely hate.

G．Place your gym bag or your clothes where you can see them all day.

3 . Race walking shares many fitness benefits with running, research shows, while most likely contributing to fewer injuries. It does, however, have its own problem.

Race walkers are conditioned athletes. The longest track and field event at the Summer Olympics is the 50-kilometer race walk, which is about five miles longer than the marathon. But the sport’s rules require that a race walker’s knees stay straight through most of the leg swing and one foot remain in contact (接触) with the ground at all times. It’s this strange form that makes race walking such an attractive activity, however, says Jaclyn Norberg, an assistant professor of exercise science at Salem State University in Salem, Mass.

Like running, race walking is physically demanding, she says, According to most calculations, race walkers moving at a pace of six miles per hour would burn about 800 calories(卡路里) per hour, which is approximately twice as many as they would burn walking, although fewer than running, which would probably burn about 1,000 or more calories per hour.

However, race walking does not pound the body as much as running does, Dr. Norberg says. According to her research, runners hit the ground with as much as four times their body weight per step, while race walkers, who do not leave the ground, create only about 1.4 times their body weight with each step.

As a result, she says, some of the injuries associated with running, such as runner’s knee, are uncommon among race walkers. But the sport’s strange form does place considerable stress on the ankles and hips, so people with a history of such injuries might want to be cautious in adopting the sport. In fact, anyone wishing to try race walking should probably first consult a coach or experienced racer to learn proper technique, she says. It takes some practice.

1. Why are race walkers conditioned athletes?

A．They must run long distances.

B．They are qualified for the marathon.

C．They have to follow special rules.

D．They are good at swinging their legs.

2. What advantage does race walking have over running?

A．It’s more popular at the Olympics.

B．It’s less challenging physically.

C．It’s more effective in body building.

D．It’s less likely to cause knee injuries.

3. What is Dr. Norberg’s suggestion for someone trying race walking?

A．Getting experts’ opinions.

B．Having a medical checkup.

C．Hiring an experienced coach.

D．Doing regular exercises.

4. Which word best describes the author’s attitude to race walking?

A．Skeptical.	B．Objective.
C．Tolerant.	D．Conservative.

4 . If it really is what’s on the inside that counts, then a lot of thin people might be in trouble.

Some doctors now think that the internal fat surrounding important organs like the heart liver could be as dangerous as the external fat which can be noticed more easily.

“Being thin doesn’t surely mean you are not fat”, said Dr Jimmy Bell at Imperial College.

Since 1994, Bell and his team have scanned nearly 800 people with MRI machines to create “fat maps” showing where people store fat.

According to the result, people who keep their weight through diet rather than exercise are likely to have major deposits of internal fat, even if they are slim.

Even people with normal Body Mass Index scores can have surprising levels of fat deposits inside. Of the women, as many as 45 percent of those with normal BMI scores (20 to 25) actually had too high levels of internal fat. Among men, the percentage was nearly 60 percent.

According to Bell, people who are fat on the inside are actually on the edge of being fat. They eat too many fatty and sugary foods, but they are not eating enough to be fat. Scientists believe we naturally store fat around the belly first, but at some point, the body may start storing it elsewhere.

Doctors are unsure about the exact dangers of internal fat, but some think it has something to do with heart disease and diabetes (糖尿病). They want to prove that internal fat damages the body's communication systems.

The good news is that internal fat can be easily burned off through exercise or even by improving your diet. “If you want to be healthy, there is no shortcut. Exercise has to be an important part of your lifestyle,” Bell said.

1. What is this passage mainly about?

A．Thin people may be fat inside.	B．Internal fat is of no importance.
C．Internal fat leads to many diseases.	D．Thin people don't have diabetes.

2. Doctors have found _____.

A．the exact dangers of internal fat

B．being slim is not dangerous at all

C．internal fat is the cause of heart disease

D．being slim doesn’t mean you are not fat inside

3. From the last paragraph, we can find that _____.

A．internal fat leading to disease has been proved

B．thin people usually have internal fat even if they are slim

C．it is easier to burn off internal fat than external fat

D．exercise plays an important role in people’s life for keeping healthy

4. The underlined part “shortcut” in the last paragraph means _____.

A．a long road	B．an easy way
C．a clear difference	D．a short distance

5 . The 2016 Rio Olympic Games have come to an end. Without doubt, many Chinese sports fans sat in front of the TV and cheered our athletes on, hoping that they would get as many gold medals as possible.

But sometimes our desire for gold medals can result in the sadness of failure. When Liu Xiang, China’s track hero, pulled out of the Beijing Olympics due to injury, he greatly disappointed many Chinese sports fans.

But things are different now. In the 2016 Rio Olympic Games, we saw a healthier Chinese attitude towards the sports people, fully in line with the Olympic spirit.

China didn’t win any gold medals on the first day. But, instead of criticizing(批评) the athletes who failed to win, most of the fans were happy with their efforts. “Looking at the results in the right way when an athlete misses out on gold shows the maturity(成熟) of a person, and is also a challenge for a country to face up to in the process of development,” commented CRI.

Swimmer Fu Yuanhui won fans’ hearts, even if she only won the third place in the 100m backstroke final. Her fans on her Sina Weibo have increased 100,000 to over 6 million. Many sports fans appreciated her straightforward character and attitude towards competitions.

“The warm support from Internet users shows that public attitude towards competitive sports and the Olympics has gotten to a higher level”, said an article in the People’s Daily.

1. What can we know from Paragraph 2?

A．Gold medals can also cause sadness.

B．Liu Xiang always disappoints his fans.

C．Fans have high expectations of Liu Xiang.

D．Liu Xiang got injured before the Olympics.

2. What is people’s attitude now towards the athletes who failed?

A．Interested.	B．Understanding.
C．Angry.	D．Disappointed.

3. What makes people like Fu Yuanhui?

A．Her Sina Weibo.	B．Her kindness to the fans.
C．Her attitude to competitions.	D．Her winning a gold medal.

4. What does the author mainly want to tell us in this passage?

A．Winning gold medals is important.

B．Changing attitude to athletes is a must.

C．Results are not important in the competition.

D．Peoples’ attitude towards competitive sports is healthier.

6 . Staying fit and healthy plays an important role in our life. People sometimes ignore their health because of the busy daily schedules but there are some little things that you can do each day that will add to being healthy and fit. Here are some ways to stay fit and healthy.

Get regular check-ups. One should get a physical check-up every year to make sure everything is as it should be.     1    Getting physical examinations regularly benefits you because if and when something is wrong, you will get to know about it timely.

    2    One should walk for a few minutes every day to stay fit. It improves body awareness and can help reduce pressure. Exercise helps to strengthen the heart and lungs, strength training helps to strengthen the muscles and stretching helps to reduce the risk of injury.

Eat breakfast. One should have healthy breakfast as it keeps you energetic for the best mental and physical performance.     3    It also helps to keep a healthy weight because you are less likely to overwork later in the day.

Don’t skip lunch. We are trying to lose weight. We don’t have time and end up working through our lunch break. But try to eat a light lunch each day.

No late dinners. With our busy lives we always put off dinner until the last minute.     4     This will give your body a chance to “eat” most of the food before you rest for the next 8 hours.

    5    

A．Take enough exercise.

B．Work more and walk more.

C．Give them a try and see for yourself.

D．It helps to keep stable blood sugar levels.

E．Try to eat dinner at least 3 hours before you go to bed.

F．There is no harm to get check-ups as it’s good for your body.

G．Skipping breakfast makes you form a bad eating habit in the long run.

7 . What: The 2019 World Championships

Why You Should Watch: It’s the best track field competition the world has to offer outside of the Olympic Games.

When: Races and field events begin on September 27 and run through October 6.

Where: On October 3, NBC Sports Network will continuously air the meet from 9:15 a. m. to 5:30 p. m. EST. All day, you can also stream (流播) every event on NBC Sports Gold(Requires: $59.99). Clicking, you can find the full broadcast plan here.

This year it’s the first time a Middle Eastern city has hosted the event. It also might be one of the hottest world championships. To reduce the possibility of heat stroke or tiredness, all of the events start after 4 p. m. Doha time (9 a. m. EST), with some events much later—including the marathon, which kicks off at midnight on September 27.

To help cool athletes and audiences, air conditioning units have been set inside the stadium. Athletes competing in events 1,500 meters and longer will also be asked to take a pill that tracks their temperatures, with the hope that this data can help prepare race organizers, athletes, and coaches for the hot conditions expected at the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

Temperature aside, there are some fiery races to look forward to this year, minus a few noteworthy names: six-time world champion Mo Farah of Great Britain, and two-time Olympic 800 gold medalist Caster Semenya of South Africa will not be competing.

Races to Watch on Day 7:

● The fastest time in the first round belongs to 10,000-meter champ Sifan Hassan. The race is at 4 p.m. EST.

● The men’s heats of the 1, 500 will include Craig Engels, Ben Blankenship, and 2016 Olympic gold medalist Matthew Centrowitz. The races start at 3 p.m.

● The finals of the women’s 400 meters includes Americans Adeline Jonathas and Phyllis Francis. The race is at 4:50 p.m.

1. What can you do on October 3?

A．Order all day’s live events.	B．Go to the meet by plane.
C．Broadcast every event online.	D．Find the plan for World Championships.

2. What is special about the 2019 World Championships?

A．It becomes the hottest one.

B．It is held in a Middle Eastern city.

C．The marathon begins after 9 a. m. EST.

D．The stadium is equipped with air conditioners.

3. Why are 1,500-meter runners required to take medicine?

A．To help athletes cool.

B．To add up players’ temperatures.

C．To explore the reason for the hot conditions.

D．To prepare for the 2020 Tokyo Olympics.

4. Who is probably absent from the 2019 World Championships?

A．Sifan Hassan.	B．Ben Blankenship.
C．Caster Semenya.	D．Adeline Jonathas.

5. Where is this text most likely from?

A．A web page.	B．A magazine.
C．A guidebook.	D．A news report.

8 . Why play games? Because they are fun, and a lot more besides. Following the rules, planning your next move and acting as a team member are all “game” ideas that you will come across throughout your life.

Think about some of the games you played as a young child, such as rope-jumping and hide-and-seek. Such games are entertaining and fun. But perhaps more importantly, they translate life into exciting dramas that teach children some of the basic rules they will be expected to follow the rest of their lives, such as taking turns and cooperating .

Many children’s games have a practical side. Children around the world play games that prepare them for work they will do as grown-ups. For instance, some Saudi Arabian children play a game called bones, which sharpens the hand-eye coordination (协调) needed in hunting.

Many sports encourage national or local pride. The most famous games of all, the Olympic Games, bring athletes from around the world together to take part in friendly competition. People who watch the event wave flags, knowing that a gold medal is a win for an entire country, not just the athlete who earned it. For countries experiencing natural disasters or war, an Olympic win can mean so much.

Sports are also an event that unites people. Soccer is the most popular sport in the world. People on all continents play it — some for fun and some for a living. Nicolette Iribarne, a Californian soccer player, has discovered a way to spread hope through soccer. He created a foundation to provide poor children with not only soccer balls but also a promising future.

Next time you play your favorite game or sport, think about why you enjoy it, what skills are needed, and whether these skills will help you in other aspects of your life.

1. What are children expected to learn Through playing hide-and-seek?

A．Be a team leader	B．Obey the basic rules
C．Act as a grown-up	D．Predict possible danger

2. What does the underlined part in Paragraph 2 most probably mean ?

A．Games can describe life in an exciting way

B．Games can turn real-life experiences into a play

C．Games can make learning life skills more interesting

D．Games can change people’s views of sporting events

3. According to the passage, why is winning Olympic medals so encouraging?

A．It inspires people’s deep love for the country.

B．It proves the exceptional skills of the winners.

C．It helps the country out of natural disasters.

D．It earns the winners fame and fortune.

4. What’s Iribarne’s goal of forming the foundation ?

A．Bringing fun to poor kids.

B．Providing soccer balls for children.

C．Giving poor kids a chance for a better life.

D．Attracting soccer players to help poor kids.

9 . Older women who walk a little over three kilometers each day might live longer than less active women of the same age, a new study suggests.

Many Americans hoping to stay healthy set a daily goal of 10, 000 steps, or about eight kilometers. They often have this goal because they are wearing electronic devices which set that target, note researchers in the United States. Their findings appeared recently in the publication JAMA Internal Medicine.

But it is not clear how much intensity(强度)or speed matter when counting the health benefits of every step, the researchers write. They add that 10,000 steps per day might not be the right goal for everyone.

For the study, researchers observed 17,000 women, all in their early 70s. They asked the women to wear accelerometers for at least four days. Accelerometers are small devices that measure the number of steps and the intensity of movement. The researchers followed up with the women much later, around 4. 3 years later, on average. Since the beginning of the study, 504 women had died. Compared to women who took no more than 2, 718 steps daily, the women who took at least 4,363 steps per day were 41 percent less likely to die.

“Even a modest amount of steps is associated with lower death rates, "said I-Min Lee, the lead writer of a report on the study. "The rate of stepping did not matter in these older women: it was the number of steps that mattered.

The study had a few limitations. For example, the researchers only measured women’s movements once, at the start of the study period. It is possible that the women’s behaviors changed over time. Still, the results are "good news for older adults who may have difficulty walking at faster paces, "said Keith Diaz, a researcher at Columbia University. He was not involved in the study.

“Any walking is better than nothing, " Diaz said by email. "With even small amounts of walking, your risk of death will be sharply reduced "For those who have difficulty walking, other research shows that any form of aerobic activity provides health benefits," he added. "Swimming, bicycling or any form of activity that is continuous in nature will provide health benefits.

1. What conclusion can we come to from the text?

A．People who walk about 10,000 steps can live longer.

B．10,000 steps per day might be the right goal for people.

C．The more steps one walks per day, the longer life he may live.

D．The number of steps is important for a long life among older women.

2. How is paragraph 4 mainly developed?

A．By giving examples.	B．By comparison.
C．By listing statistics.	D．By explaining reasons.

3. What can be leaned from what Diaz said?

A．People who walk fast will get more health benefits.

B．If people have a habit of walking, the risk of death will be reduced.

C．People with walking difficulty can not benefit from activities

D．Activities such as swimming and bicycling are not as beneficial as walking.

4. Where is the text most likely from?

A．A medical journal.	B．A news report.
C．A magazine about fashion.	D．A traveler brochure.

10 . During World War II, William Powell served in Europe as a solider in the US Army. Golf was his hobby. He played at some of the most popular courses in Scotland. However, upon his return home, William Powell was discouraged to find that he wasn’t allowed to play golf at local courses because he was an African American. William Powell took a unique approach to solving his problem. He built his own golf course.

William Powell began the construction of the Clearview Golf Course in 1946. He moved rocks and spread grass seeds to build a golf course in Canton, Ohio. He convinced two African American doctors to invest in the course and continued to build it for the next year and a half. William Powell built it without the help of a designer. He did it while working at night as a security guard. In 1948, the Clearview Golf Course opened, and the business is still popular today.

In 1967, William Powell’s daughter, Renee, became a professional golfer on the Ladies Professional Golf Association (LPGA) tour. Now, she serves as Head Professional at her father’s golf course. In 2001, the Clearview Golf Course was one of the 15 golf courses listed on the National Register of Historic Places. It’s the only course owned, built, designed and run by African Americans. The Clearview Golf Course not only serves as a challenge to experienced golfers, but also provides an enjoyable round for those players who are new to the game.

In 2009, the Professional Golfers’ Association of America(PGA of America) honored William Powell with a Distinguished Service Award. William Powell, 92 years old, accepted the award politely. “I have had so many special things happen to me, because the golf sees no color,” he said.

1. Why was William Powell refused to play golf at local courses?

A．He was a bad golfer.	B．He was a black man.
C．He was a retired soldier.	D．He was a poor guard.

2. According to the passage, the Clearview Golf Course ____________.

A．was built with the help of a designer.	B．was built during World War II.
C．was invested in by two doctors.	D．only serves experienced golfers.

3. What can we learn about William Powell from the passage?

A．He died at the age of 92.	B．His contribution to golf is recognized.
C．He built a golf course for black people only.	D．He was a native American.

4. How is the passage mainly developed?

A．By time order .	B．By comparing facts.
C．By space order.	D．By providing examples.