FIRST-AID TREATMENT
1.Place burns under cool running water, especially within the first ten minutes. The cool water stops the burning process and reduces the pain and
2. Dry the burnt area gently with a clean cloth.
3.Remove any clothes using scissors if necessary, unless you see the
4.Cover the burnt area with a loose clean cloth.
5.If burns are on the face, make sure the victim can still breathe.
6. If the victim is suffering from second or third-degree burns, there is an urgent need to take him/her to the hospital at once.
2 . Arthur Lih of Massapequa sold his first LifeVac, a device to help save people’s life, to a fire department about 18 months ago, when the Jericho Fire Department purchased 21 of the devices. Now about 10 Long Island fire departments have purchased Lih’s invention, which is designed to draw foreign objects from the throats of choking victims when procedures such as the Heimlich Maneuver (海姆立克急救法) don’t work. He has sold about 5,000 LifeVac devices in the United States and abroad since the device went on the market in August 2014.
The Freeport Fire Department is one of Lih’s clients. It bought about 25 LifeVac devices to put on trucks, as well as in chiefs’ vehicles, said Ray Maguire, the department’s executive director. “It’s an extra tool in the toolbox,” Maguire said. “I’d be surprised if anyone who sees it doesn’t purchase it. It’s that tool you may only need once, but it’s the tool you really want in case you need it. It’s affordable. I have it in my car. I have one at home, too.”
Dr. Lee Smith at Northwell Health said that if a choking victim can’t breathe, he or she becomes a candidate for the Heimlich. If the Heimlich doesn’t work, the victim would probably lose consciousness because of a lack of oxygen.
A challenge for any new medical device is convincing potential users that it works and is safe. In tests, the LifeVac successfully removed an obstruction (阻塞物) from the throat of a dead human body on the first try 49 out of 50 times, according to an August research article in the American Journal of Emergency Medicine.
Lih invented the product in his garage, inspired after he went with a friend to a hospital while the friend’s mother was going through tests. The friend said the last time he was there, a 7-year-old child had choked to death on a grape.
1. What’s the function of the LifeVac device?| A．To put out the fire. | B．To remove foreign objects. |
| C．To design procedures. | D．To treat victims’ throats. |
| A．Its target users. | B．Its practical necessity. |
| C．Its major advantages. | D．Its reasonable price |
| A．A kid’s death. | B．His client’s suggestion. |
| C．A garage accident. | D．Material rewards. |
| A．A productive inventor. | B．A convincing cure. |
| C．An anti-choking device. | D．An important toolbox. |
3 . There have been several incidents at some events in recent years where people died because of unsafe crowd conditions and stampedes. The latest such one unfolded in Seoul, South Korea, where a Halloween gathering in a club district turned deadly, with at least 155 deaths being reported.
Have a plan before you need one
The key to staying safe in a crowd begins as soon as you arrive at the location.
Go with the flow
If there’s a sudden panic and crowds begin to push in a certain direction, you may fight back and push the opposite way.
As you move forward with the crowd, it’s best to move in a diagonal (对角线的) direction. The goal is to get to the edge of the stampede where it’s less likely that you’ll end up stuck at a chokepoint, like a doorway.
Find somewhere to protect yourself
Another potential way to handle the situation is to protect yourself and allow the crowd to move past you. Look for a solid structure to stand behind such as a pillar (柱子) or a wall.
Give yourself some breathing room
In many stampede events, people die from asphyxiation (窒息). But a possible way to avoid this is to place your arms in front of you, almost in a boxer — like stance (站立姿势).That could give you some very valuable breathing room — literally.
| A．Angle your way out. |
| B．Don’t move straight. |
| C．But that could be a big mistake. |
| D．But it’s surprisingly effective and possibly life-saving. |
| E．Other places to duck: behind a car or even a lamppost. |
| F．Namely, you should take note of where the nearest exits are. |
| G．This may leave some people thinking there’s little you can do to survive a stampede. |
4 . Emma Jones’ three-year-old son, Eric, was sharing a hot dog on the deck overlooking her friend Sarah Roth’s swimming pool. One moment Jones was watching Eric play around with the other children at this
Rawlings stood, scanned the pool and suddenly
Rawlings who’d taken a CPR course just four months earlier, immediately began rescue breathing. Hanging up the phone, Roth, a former flight attendant who’d accumulated
The
| A．encounter | B．union | C．gathering | D．game |
| A．trace | B．source | C．footprint | D．signal |
| A．whispered | B．spoke | C．chatted | D．screamed |
| A．floating | B．lying | C．sinking | D．diving |
| A．former | B．typical | C．creative | D．effective |
| A．rolled | B．knocked | C．checked | D．ran |
| A．point | B．edge | C．stage | D．view |
| A．accessible | B．apparent | C．enough | D．little |
| A．took up | B．took in | C．took place | D．took over |
| A．performing | B．working | C．testing | D．unfolding |
| A．maintained | B．monitored | C．adapted | D．postponed |
| A．faded | B．changed | C．returned | D．released |
| A．pool | B．scene | C．route | D．campus |
| A．courage | B．panic | C．comfort | D．decisiveness |
| A．actually | B．bitterly | C．bravely | D．simply |
5 . It was a bright May afternoon along the coast. Bauer and his 13-year-old daughter, Ava, were taking
Not far ahead of them, a truck was
The truck driver’s door opened. A man climbed out and
Matters quickly went from bad to frightening when the girl
Bauer jumped into the water without
Ava Bauer was
| A．advantage | B．hold | C．possession | D．charge |
| A．deserted | B．ignored | C．influenced | D．ruined |
| A．sliding | B．following | C．parking | D．approaching |
| A．hid | B．waited | C．rested | D．appeared |
| A．in time | B．by chance | C．on purpose | D．in vain |
| A．dropped | B．hurried | C．wandered | D．returned |
| A．embarrassed | B．terrified | C．excited | D．relaxed |
| A．rolled over | B．stood up | C．calmed down | D．set off |
| A．discouraged | B．puzzled | C．shocked | D．ashamed |
| A．permission | B．difficulty | C．doubt | D．hesitation |
| A．back | B．stomach | C．head | D．chest |
| A．Slowly | B．Surprisingly | C．Hopelessly | D．Immediately |
| A．loneliness | B．hunger | C．cold | D．tiredness |
| A．school | B．hospital | C．home | D．hotel |
| A．relieved | B．annoyed | C．surprised | D．inspired |
6 . The organic (有机的) food market is made up of the sale of organic foods, drinks and related services. These food products do not use a lot of food additives or industrial solvent (溶剂).
Increasing health concerns about the growing number of chemical poisoning cases globally is acting as a driver in the organic food market. People are paying more attention to health because of the harmful effects caused by the presence of chemical pesticides (杀虫剂) in food products.
The chemical pesticides in food products can cause cancer. According to a UN report, around 200,000 people die every year due to bad effects of pesticides in food products. This is causing people to change their focus towards organic food products.
Are organic foods safer? We cannot say yes immediately. Some data show possible health benefits of organic foods. Some studies have shown differences between the organic foods and the traditional ones. But there is little information to prove how these differences can give overall health benefits.
Compared with the traditional foods and drinks, short shelf life of organic foods is controlling the organic food market. For example, a study conducted by a research team shows that the shelf life of organic food products is shorter than traditional products. Similarly, some researchers find that many organic foods have higher levels of bacteria than traditional products, which cause food to go bad. As organic foods don’t have the similar amount of preservative (防腐剂) to that of traditional foods, organic foods are easier to gain bacteria attacks and have a shorter shelf life, which in turn makes it difficult for people to keep them. Thus, people will experience a high risk of buying the bad organic foods.
The organic food market is controlled by authorities such as the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) to ensure high-quality standards of food products. Also, the authorities have come up with strict food labeling rules for the organic food market.
1. What makes people prefer organic foods according to the text?| A．The low price. | B．The food safety. |
| C．The special taste. | D．The unique packaging design. |
| A．The use of organic foods. |
| B．Ways of making organic foods. |
| C．An introduction to traditional foods. |
| D．The disadvantage of organic foods. |
| A．Supportive. | B．Doubtful. | C．Uncaring. | D．Objective. |
| A．A medical book. | B．A health magazine. |
| C．A cooking guidebook. | D．A book review. |
1. 报告时间、地点；
2. 参加人员及参会要求。
注意：1. 词数80左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
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8 . Summer safety tips for children
Summer is a time for having fun in the sun! Children should be able to have fun but they should also be safe. Here are some helpful tips all parents should tell their children.
Never talk to strangers
Keep cool in the heat
If your children must be outdoors in extreme heat, make sure that activities should be limited to 15 minutes.
Water safety
For children who cannot swim, they should not go into the deep area of the water. And they should also play at places where there are lifeguards. This way if something were to happen, they would have someone there to help them.
Bike safety
Children can be easily persuaded into experimenting with drugs and alcohol (酒) at a young age. Summer time gives them more time to stay with their friends who may offer them drugs or alcohol. Remember to tell your children the terrible health effects they have on their body.
| A．Learn to read people. |
| B．Stay away from bad friends. |
| C．Riding bikes can be fun but also dangerous. |
| D．Tell your children not to talk to strangers. |
| E．The Internet will be an educational tool for children. |
| F．Of course, water is necessary for them. |
| G．Children should never be in a swimming pool alone, anyway. |
1. 事情的起因 (who, what, where)
2. 事情的经过 (the development/process)
3. 事情的结果 (the end)
4. 评价或总结事件，并用引语(quote)结尾。
注意：1.词数100-120左右；
2.不必拟定题目。
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增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号（∧），并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用斜线（\）划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词；
2.只允许修改10处，多者（从第11处起）不计分。
Sally had a terrible accident last Friday. She accidentally pour some hot water from the kettle over her wrist and sleeve. In greatly pain, she needed to stop her wet blouse from rubbing her skin, but she called me. I went immediately without a few bandages. I poured cold running waters on the burned area. Then I was wetted some cloths and squeezed the water out. Next, I put the cold wet cloth on her burn and finally tied the bandages around my wrist. She felt better before I made some coffee for her. I offered to staying with her until she was much better. Sally was grateful and said that my offer would make great difference to her recovery.
