1 . Plastic straws (吸管) have been a major problem in global discussions of environmental damage. Maybe because of their small size, the production cost of straws is low. In many countries, straws are offered freely after buying soft drinks. Therefore, plastic straws are one of the most used plastics and pollutants in the world.
The plastic straw is light and small. Due to their small size, plastic straws are often eaten by sea animals. Environmentalists have shown that the death of many sea animals is caused by eating plastic straws. The other damaging characteristic of plastic straws is that they are made of materials which cannot degrade. That means the materials cannot be changed into small harmless (无害的) ones.
The most effective way of dealing with the environmental pollution caused by plastic straws is the reuse or banning (禁止) the use of plastic straws. Being plastics, the straws can be made new items. Many organizations around the world change used straws into new products. In Africa, local communities collect used plastic straws and use them to make mats and bags. Another way of dealing with environmental pollution caused by plastic straws is placing a ban on their production and use. Experts advise governments to ban using plastic straws to save the environment. A few countries in the world such as Rwanda, Macedonia, China, Kenya have already banned the use of plastic bags and are expected to include plastic straws and bottles. But it will be a long way to do this effectively.
There are few environmentally friendly and biodegradable productions to take the place of plastic straws. These productions include paper straws, bamboo straws. However, such straws are usually expensive as their production cost is high. It’s still a question whether they can entirely take the place of plastic straws.
1. Why can people be free to use plastic straws?| A．They are very cheap. | B．They are light and small. |
| C．They are dangerous. | D．They are easy to use. |
| A．Cut up. | B．Because of. | C．Go on. | D．Break out. |
| A．It’s not difficult to ban using plastic straws. |
| B．Many countries have stopped using plastic straws. |
| C．Experts advise people to stop producing plastic straws. |
| D．Some Africans change plastic straws into new products. |
| A．It is a must to use them. |
| B．It’s not easy to reuse them. |
| C．There are still some problems to be solved. |
| D．There are some other kinds of cheaper straws. |
China has the world’s largest number of world natural heritage (遗产) sites. The country is now home
3 . For hundreds of years, America’s wilderness has been reduced due to growing cities, leaving outdoors lovers like hunters with fewer chances. By around 1900, too much hunting drove America’s deer nearly into extinction (灭绝), less than a half-million deer, from 45 million in 1450.
Law-makers began to make rules to protect deer and keep ecological balance (生态平衡). And it did make a big difference. By 2000, the deer population had come up to 38 million. Those days, millions of deer lived side by side with humans and could freely find enough food resources.
Gradually, the number of deer was increasing too rapidly, which was not good for both the animals and people. City hunting plays an important role in keeping ecological balance, particularly in places where the animals sometimes cause major problems.
“City deer hunting is a management practice used in many cities and suburban areas across the United States,” says Jason Andrews, program manager of the Urban Deer Hunt in Cedar Rapids, Iowa. In the early 2000s, a high number of car accidents were caused by deer. And there was also significant vegetation degradation (植被退化) in many cities. Many possible solutions were researched by the city government. Some suggested hunting deer and other wild animals, but others were against that practice.
In the end, researchers determined that the most effective and sustainable (可持续的) population management solution would be hunting with bows. “City deer hunting is popular in cities that have too many wild deer as well as wooded areas,” says Andrews. “In Cedar Rapids, all parts of the city have right habitats to keep deer population, thus hunting is allowed. I must note that hunting is only allowed on private lands. No parks or any other public grounds can be hunted.”
1. What can we learn from paragraph 1?| A．The deer population was dropping rapidly. |
| B．Some cities grew smaller in the country. |
| C．The number of deer dropped to 1,450. |
| D．The deer population grew up by 45 million. |
| A．They failed to be carried out in the US. |
| B．They were quite successful. |
| C．People had different attitudes towards them. |
| D．They were made by Jason Andrews. |
| A．Stones. | B．Guns. | C．Branches. | D．Bows. |
| A．Ways to Protect the Environment |
| B．The Number of Deer in the US |
| C．People’s Attitude to Deer Hunting |
| D．America’s Rules for Deer to Keep Ecological Balance |
4 . Wetlands, making up about 6% of Earth’s land surface, are found on every continent except for Antarctica.
Protecting against floods. Wetlands play a crucial role in protecting against floods. The plants and soil in wetlands act as natural sponges (海绵), storing excess water during heavy rainfall or storms.
Purifying (净化) water. Wetlands have exceptional abilities to purify water. Acting as natural filters, the plants, soil and micro creatures in wetlands remove sediments, excess nutrients and pollutants from water sources.
Fighting climate change. Aside from these vital functions, wetlands also play a significant role in fighting climate change.
However, the world’s wetlands are being lost at an alarming rate. Restoration and conservation projects offer hope that these ecosystems can be saved.
| A．Supporting life |
| B．Protecting birds |
| C．This process helps to improve water quality |
| D．The water stored in wetlands can be drunk |
| E．Wetlands play an important role despite their small coverage |
| F．Wetland plants have remarkable carbon storage capabilities |
| G．Thus, wetlands can reduce the risk of flooding in surrounding areas |
5 . “The trees are precious to us,” says Priscilla Hunter. “We believe our ancestors’ spirits are there.”
Hunter is a member of the Pomo Indians in Norther California. She’s also a founder and chairwoman of the Intertribal Sinkyone Wilderness Council (ISWC).
In 1997 the council acquired 3,844 acres of the Sinkyone wilderness, about 200 miles along California’s Lost Coast. It’s “lost” because scenic Highway 1 avoids it, cutting inland to escape the rough coastal terrain (地形). One could also say it’s lost because less than 2 percent of the original old-growth redwoods there survived logging decades ago. Now the 10 tribes that formed the union are working to protect and preserve their sacred land. David Brindley, the interim editor of National Geographic, asked Hunter how they were accomplishing that. “We’re just letting it heal. It takes a long time to heal an area that has been cut and cut,“ ”she told him, “People are saying: ‘What are you guys doing with it?’’ Letting it heal.’”
Their efforts have gained attention. Last December the Save the Redwoods League(SRL), an established nonprofit organization, gave the council 523 acres of California coastal forest. The forest, named as Tcíh-Léh-Dûñ-meaning “fish run place” in the Sinkyone language, includes nearly 200 acres of old-growth redwoods. “We were really pleased to have a place that still has some of the ancient trees. So the critters will have a place to be safe-the fish and birds and all that,” said Hunter.
The Sinkyone council is just one example of how indigenous peoples, in communities across the United States and Canada, are taking control of their land, laws, and fate.
Basing on the above, Brindley wrote this month’s cover story “We Are Here”. It explored how native nations are reclaiming their sovereignty and rebuilding their cultures.
1. What can we learn from the text?| A．Hunter is in charge of the ten tribes. |
| B．Tcíh-Léh-Dûñ has become a heaven for wildlife. |
| C．The redwoods represent value and spirit. |
| D．The redwoods heal better with the intervention of humans. |
| A．It has given way to Highway 1. |
| B．It has never been reported by the press. |
| C．It has become unnoticed with the fading of Indian culture. |
| D．It has been seriously damaged for much cutting. |
| A．Rule. |
| B．Reform. |
| C．Trees. |
| D．Creatures. |
| A．Finding a Cover Story |
| B．Uniting the Two Organizations |
| C．Protecting the Sacred Land |
| D．Exploring the Loss of Lost Coast |
Machu Picchu is an ancient city in Peru, South America. It
Machu Picchu is high up in the Andes Mountains of Peru. There are 3,000 stone steps
Millions of people visit every year to see the stone city. The development of nearby towns and damage
Peru is taking
7 . Have you imagined that planting trees can make a big difference? People say that one man can’t make a difference, but Abdul, a 60-year-old taxi driver, has
Abdul has worked as a(n)
Abdul, his wife Jorna, and four of their children live in two
Sometimes, his wife commands him not to plant trees but he doesn’t listen. Abdul’s 30-year-old son has never told his father not to plant trees, because he thinks his father does a good thing for
Abdul’s colleagues all know about his
For his
“I can’t do it alone. I need the help of you all,” Abdul said in his speech.
1.| A．said | B．wondered | C．displayed | D．proved |
| A．distinguishing | B．small | C．excellent | D．disgusting |
| A．improve | B．enhance | C．mean | D．affect |
| A．driver | B．farmer | C．hunter | D．official |
| A．much | B．a great deal | C．lots of | D．a little |
| A．car | B．tree | C．house | D．farm |
| A．duty | B．hobby | C．favor | D．enthusiasm |
| A．Rarely | B．Instead | C．Mostly | D．Anyhow |
| A．blames | B．strikes | C．kills | D．attacks |
| A．brilliant | B．old | C．elegant | D．expensive |
| A．desert | B．forest | C．field | D．land |
| A．owned | B．guarded | C．protected | D．conquered |
| A．family | B．hunters | C．society | D．friends |
| A．unusual | B．simple | C．temporary | D．daily |
| A．work | B．thoughts | C．wishes | D．proposals |
| A．relatives | B．colleagues | C．children | D．leaders |
| A．love | B．inventions | C．efforts | D．passion |
| A．hired | B．promoted | C．recognized | D．honored |
| A．small | B．better | C．magnificent | D．grand |
| A．admire | B．set | C．follow | D．pursue |
8 . What should you do if there’s an earthquake at school? How can you protect yourself when you are caught in a stampede (踩踏)? March 25 this year provides you with a good chance to learn about safety.
This day is called the National Day of Education on the Safety of Elementary and Middle School Students (NDESEMSS) (全国中小学生安全教育日). The theme of the day this year is to give students more knowledge about safety and make sure their lives safe.
A survey done by the China Youth and Children Research Center showed that school accidents kill more elementary and middle school students than anything else. The main accidents come from stampedes, earthquakes, fires and sports injuries.
What can we do to keep ourselves safe? Staying calm is the first and most important rule when facing accidents. But different accidents have different self-protection advice.
A stampede is possible anywhere. The larger a human crowd gets, the more likely stampedes become. When students around you begin to push, stand still and try to hold onto something, or stay in a corner until the crowd leaves. If you fall down in a moving crowd, cover your head with both hands. Lean to one side, curl up your body and bend your legs.
Earthquakes are common natural disasters. When you feel the ground shake and drop down, take cover under a desk and hold on. You should stay indoors until the shaking stops. If you are outdoors, don’t stay near buildings, trees or power lines.
When there’s a fire, follow the teachers’ instructions, leave the classroom quickly and use a piece of cloth to cover your mouth and nose so that you don’t breathe in smoke.
1. What should you do first when accidents happen according to this passage?| A．Run away. | B．Stand there. | C．Keep calm. | D．Cry loudly. |
| A．Car accidents kill the most elementary and middle school students of all accidents. |
| B．When there’s a fire, you should use cloth to cover your mouth and nose. |
| C．If you fall down in a moving crowd, you can do nothing but wait there. |
| D．When an earthquake happens, you should stay near buildings or trees. |
| A．The happening of accidents. | B．The coming of an earthquake. |
| C．Being far away from accidents. | D．How to protect yourself in accidents. |
| A．The reason for the earthquake. | B．The causes of different fire accidents. |
| C．How to stay away from sports injuries. | D．Some disadvantages of smoking everyday. |
增加：在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧)，并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除：把多余的词用(\)划掉。
修改：在错的词下画一横线，并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意：1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处，多者(从第11处起)不计分。
Spring has come with all its beauty! Trees have turned green or flowers can be seeing everywhere. Last Friday, my friends and me went on a spring outing. It was such a great fun! We cycled along the streams and down the paths. It didn’t take us long to get the foot of the mountain, that we left our bikes. Then we begin hiking. As we reached the top of the mountain, we were shocking to see many plastic bottle and food bags here and there. All of us started to collect the rubbish and then took it down the mountain. We felt happily to have done our part for the environment.
10 . Earthquakes are something that people fear. There are some places that have few or earthquakes. Most places in the world, however, have them regularly. Countries that have a of earthquakes are usually quite mountainous.
The most-talked-about earthquake in the United States was in San Francisco in 1906.Over 700 people died in it. The strongest one in North America was in 1964. It happened in Alaska.
Strong earthquakes are not always the ones that kill the most people. In 1755, one of the strongest earthquakes ever recorded was felt in Portugal. Around 2,000 people died. In 1923, a very strong earthquake hit Tokyo, Yokohama area of Japan. 140,000 people died. Most of them died in fires which followed the earthquake.
One of the worst earthquakes ever was in China in 1976. It killed a large number of people. The worst earthquake ever reported was also in China, in which 830, 000 people were killed. This earthquake happened in 1556.
Earthquakes worry people a lot. The reason is that we often do not know when they are coming. People cannot prepare for them beforehand.
1. How many people died in the earthquake in Portugal?| A．About 2,000. | B．Around 140,000. | C．Over 830,000. | D．Above 700. |
| A．Portugal, 1755. | B．Japan, 1923. | C．China, 1556. | D．America, 1906. |
| A．For sure. | B．With care. | C．By hand. | D．In advance. |
| A．Earthquakes are not likely to cause big fires. |
| B．Earthquakes often hit people unexpectedly. |
| C．Mountainous countries have no earthquakes. |
| D．Strong earthquakes often kill the most people. |
