1 . One of the most curious features of the modern world is the manner in which design has been widely transformed into something meaningless. But I want to argue design should be the crucial block on which the human environment is shaped and constructed for the betterment and delight of all.
Not surprisingly, in the absence of widespread agreement about its significance and value, much confusion surrounds design practice. In some subject areas, authors can assume common ground with readers. Other subject areas can be so difficult that no such mutual understanding exists.
Design sits uncomfortably between these two extremes. As a word it is common enough, but it is full of disharmony, has innumerable manifestations (表现), and lacks boundaries that give clarity and definition. As a practice, design generates vast quantities of material, much of it ephemeral, only a small proportion of which has sustained quality.
So how can design be understood in a meaningful sense? Design is one of the basic characteristics of what it is to be human, and an essential determinant of the quality of human life. If things are a necessary part of our existence, why are they often done so badly? There is no simple answer. Cost factors are sometimes advanced, but the remove between doing something well or badly can be exceedingly small, and cost factors can in fact be reduced by appropriate design inputs.
This book is based on a belief that design matters profoundly to us all in innumerable ways and represents an area of huge, underutilized potential in life. It sets out to explore some reasons why this is so and to suggest some possibilities of change. The intention is to extend the range of what is understood by the term, and examine the depth of design practice as it affects everyday life in a diversity of cultures.
1. What is paragraph 2 of the text mainly about?| A．The causes of confusion. | B．The significance of design. |
| C．The differences in subjects. | D．The common ground in people. |
| A．Meaningful. | B．Enormous. |
| C．Short-lived. | D．Hard-wearing. |
| A．Reducing design inputs. |
| B．Persisting in meaningful design practices. |
| C．Denying previous conception of design. |
| D．Clarifying the confusion surrounding design. |
Hangzhou is recognized as the “City of Well-Being” in China. Hangzhou made its name
The lifestyle, however,
Surely, it is even
1.活动介绍；
2.你的感受。
注意：
1.词数为80左右；
2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：健步走sport walking
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4 . “We’re celebrating Canada’s birthday today,” Mom said. “Whose?”
My mom wasn’t a
This is silly, said my sister when Mom
When we were done, a wonderful design
We made many birthday cakes for Canada when we were kids. Each cake was
| A．Anxious | B．Seared | C．Confused | D．Sorrowful |
| A．answer | B．appointment | C．alternative | D．announcement |
| A．native | B．citizen | C．admirer | D．scholar |
| A．assess | B．appreciate | C．memorize | D．judge |
| A．valuable | B．strange | C．simple | D．unique |
| A．decorating | B．purchasing | C．labeling | D．delivering |
| A．permitted | B．confirmed | C．explained | D．informed |
| A．signals | B．signs | C．symbols | D．gestures |
| A．tested | B．avoided | C．played | D．changed |
| A．statue | B．record | C．note | D．image |
| A．faded | B．emerged | C．ended | D．altered |
| A．chewing at | B．grabbing for | C．holding on | D．breaking up |
| A．came into existence | B．made no sense | C．made no difference | D．came to light |
| A．potential | B．creation | C．behavior | D．inspiration |
| A．ordinary | B．familiar | C．similar | D．different |
5 . Starting a career in engineering can be challenging. You know what you
My advice to young engineers is: Focus on your
Of course, there will be times when things are hard, but if you believe in yourself and have a
The biggest challenge I have faced in my career is being a woman in a
Thankfully, the gender
| A．approve | B．lack | C．envy | D．face |
| A．bring out | B．put out | C．work out | D．leave out |
| A．strengths | B．hobbies | C．routines | D．priorities |
| A．expand | B．identify | C．observe | D．address |
| A．avoid | B．ignore | C．practise | D．escape |
| A．compromise | B．excuse | C．mistake | D．sense |
| A．practice | B．luck | C．review | D．vision |
| A．keep | B．take | C．set | D．tell |
| A．narrow-minded | B．male-dominated | C．old-fashioned | D．female-centred |
| A．stubborn | B．humorous | C．capable | D．realistic |
| A．equal | B．opponent | C．contemporary | D．friend |
| A．Occasionally | B．Originally | C．Frequently | D．Eventually |
| A．characteristic | B．role | C．balance | D．preference |
| A．placing | B．inspiring | C．concerning | D．updating |
| A．explore | B．develop | C．compete | D．qualify |
For years, Jessie, a 15-year-old senior high school girl, has been a holiday fixed visitor in a kindergarten in Los Angèles County. As an experíenced volunteer in a severely poor neighborhood, Jessie knew those young students had it rough——some were homeless, many were in foster care(家庭寄养), and the others were crammed into garages or single rooms with eight to ten family members. So she made up her mind to visit them with gifts every holiday season.
It was hard for Jessie to do this on a little girl's part-time job salary, but every holiday from Thanksgiving to the Christmas break, Jessie managed to bring the kids some little gifts of holiday magic——a pack of crayons(蜡笔), pencils, toys and so on. No matter how small the gifts are, Levinson’s students were always grateful. And there was a good chance that it would outshine whatever their families could afford to give them. Despite being surrounded by wealthy neighborhoods, their community was so poor that when it rained, kids came to school wearing trash bags. Some didn’t brush their teeth because they didn’t own a toothbrush. But Jessie never despised(轻视) them and were always devoted to improving their conditions.
That day was the day before Thanksgiving, she brought gifts to the kindergarten again, and the children’s excited expressions were the same as before. The children eagerly shared happy stories with her and showcased their latest achievements, such as height and various plants they planted. Looking at the happy smiling faces of the children, she hesitated several times before speaking. She didn't have the courage to tell them that she was going to study in a far country, which they had never heard of before. This was the exam and admission she had put in countless days and nights to pass, but at this moment she hesitated and didn't know how to say it. She couldn't even imagine how disappointed and sad they would be since she could not come here again, at least 3 years. Thinking of these, her heart became very heavy.
注意：
1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
A little girl noticed her worried expression and asked,“Do you have any worries?”
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To her surprise, the children listened attentively.
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1.对他的兴趣进行肯定；
2.合理分配时间，把学习放第一位；
3.和父母好好沟通。
注意：
1.写作词数应为80左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Jack,
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Yours,
Li Hua
China has made
The officer made the remarks while addressing a video conference,
China has put environmental protection high
China is a world leader in using renewable energy resources, with installed capacity of hydropower, wind power, photovoltaic (光伏) power and other non-fossil energy
He also underlined continuous improvements in China's ecological environment. In 2021,
So far, China
9 . If you are looking for culturally and globally unique experiences, here are four fascinating festivals that you can try from different corners of the world.
Holi Festival in India
Holi Festival in India is a colorful celebration of the arrival of spring. This festival, which falls in February or March, is celebrated with much enthusiasm and excitement all across the country. During Holi, people smear(涂抹) each other’s faces with brightly colored powders and spray colored water using water guns called pichkaris.
Carnival of Venice in Italy
This is a festival when you can see the streets of Venice flooded with colorful masks and carefully prepared costumes. Participants engage in a series of events ranging from parades and costume contests to masquerade balls(化装舞会). There is a popular event at the carnival, in which a girl in a traditional costume descends a rope from a tower to the square below.
Carnaval de Oruro in Bolivia
This carnival is a visual performance that takes place every year. The carnival features colorful and intricate(复杂精细的) costumes worn by tens of thousands of dancers and musicians who parade through the streets of Oruro over several days. The carnival is devoted to the Virgin of Candelaria, resulting in a fascinating and unique display of cultural heritage and artistic expression.
Day of the Dead in Guatemala
The Day of the Dead is a gift to the loved ones who are dead. The festival is a mixture of traditional Mayan culture and Catholic traditions. It takes place on November 1st and involves flowers, candles, and food offerings for the loved ones who are dead.
1. What is special about the Holi Festival in India?| A．Costume contests and masquerade balls. |
| B．Brightly colored powders on people’s faces. |
| C．Colorful and intricate costumes of dancers. |
| D．Beautiful flowers and good food offerings. |
| A．They are celebrated for the rich. |
| B．They just cost a little money. |
| C．They feature carefully prepared costumes. |
| D．They are in memory of famous musicians. |
| A．It is a weekly celebrated festival. |
| B．It is an event with some parades. |
| C．It is a mixture of six different traditions. |
| D．It is a festival for the dead people love. |
10 . One morning soon, you’ll get on your bike and ride from one end of America to the other, because the Great American Rail-Trail is 53% complete, making a cross-country bike ride closer to a reality.
The idea of a bike trail made up of scenic paths, trails and former rail lines from Washington D. C. to Washington State has been 30 years in the making. Now, with more than 50% of the trail up and running, the project, run by the Rails to Trails in cooperation with local authorities, is gaining steam, with hundreds of miles of trails in development now.
Last August, Ryan Gardill and a colleague biked 350 miles from Pittsburgh to Washington D. C.. Their travels took them through some beautiful and historical parts of the American East.“The trail connected me to our revolutionary and industrial history. Though not entirely complete, the rail trail has drawn people of all types due to its beautiful scenery along the way. Most of the towns on the trail were once important to America.”
The major goal of the trail is to provide the American public with the opportunity to explore their beautiful country, without getting in their cars. A secondary objective is to make the small towns and cities prosperous(繁荣的) again, according to National Geographic.
One of these is Muncie, Indiana, a city located on a former rail system and a part of the Great American Rail-Trail. The city is already seeing the economic benefits of the trail. “A large majority of our customers are locals, but the Rail-Trail could help grow tourism,” said Jason Allardt, owner of the historic Kirk’s Bike Shop.
This is the hope for numerous once-prosperous towns and cities all throughout America, though it may take nearly 20 years to get the entire trail up and running.
1. What can we know about the Great American Rail-Trail?| A．It’s fit for trains. | B．It’s been finished already. |
| C．It’s a long and complex project. | D．It’s run by the American government. |
| A．It’s a bike trail with good scenery. | B．It’s a rail line across the country. |
| C．It offers adventurous paths. | D．Its construction lasts 30 years. |
| A．They mainly lie in the mountains. |
| B．They have been popular tourist destinations. |
| C．They’re no longer prosperous towns or cities in America. |
| D．They are the main towns and cities along the U. S. railway. |
| A．It recovers its rail system. | B．It has made it a popular city. |
| C．It brings many bike shops. | D．It stimulates the local economy. |
