1. What language does the woman suggest?
A.French. | B.German | C.Spanish. |
A.By using an app. |
B.By taking an online course. |
C.By attending a language school. |
A.A programmer. | B.An engineer. | C.A teacher. |
A.To study abroad. | B.To design programs. | C.To inspire his students. |
A.Sound the alarm clock. |
B.Make sure the door is cold. |
C.Go directly to the emergency exit. |
3 . It is certainly difficult to make money. But should money be difficult to give away? In The Gilded Age, industrialists such as Andrew Carnegie and John D. Rockefeller worried about waste and misuse; Carnegie wrote in 1889 that $950 of every $1,000 that went to charity was “unwisely spent”.
Fortunately, a new generation of donors is once again shaking up the world of big philanthropy (慈善事业). Leading the mission is MacKenzie Scott, who simplified the process of giving and is donating billions of dollars a year with few conditions. This “no-strings giving” is changing mega-donors’ long-held assumptions.
One is the recognition that philanthropists do not have to do everything themselves.
Another lesson from the no-strings crowd is that philanthropists can trust recipients to put money to good use once the proper due diligence is in place. That means analyzing a nonprofit organization’s annual reports and interviewing its leaders and other funders.
A.It offers lessons for those struggling to get money out of the door. |
B.In addition to that, her charity work is too numerous to mention. |
C.However, this idea that charities’ money is wasted has been proven wrong by evidence. |
D.Mega-donors no longer need to endure the trouble of setting up a foundation and hiring staff. |
E.Two decades on, however, it’s become clear that all this paperwork puts the brakes on giving. |
F.Around the turn of the millennium donors looked to data and rules as a way to stop waste. |
4 . The ancient Egyptians thought so little of the brain that when a king died, they removed the brain from his body and threw it away. The Egyptians assumed, like many people before and after them, that consciousness — your mind and your thoughts existed in the heart.
Now we know that the mind is a product of the brain, but how exactly does this 1.5-kilo piece of matter create a mind that allows you to think about yourself, experience happiness and anger, or remember events that happened 20 minutes or 20 years ago? This isn’t a new question. Today, however, powerful new techniques for visualizing the sources of thought, emotion, behavior, and memory are transforming the way we understand the brain and the mind it creates.
Have you ever stopped and thought, “What’s wrong with me today? I just don’t feel like myself”? Perhaps you were more tired or worried than usual — but somehow, you knew that something was different about you. This self-awareness - the ability to think about yourself and how you’re feeling-is an important part of being human.
This part of of your mind has its origins in the prefrontal cortex — a region of your brain just behind your forehead that extends to about your ears. Before this area began to function (around age two), you didn’t understand that you were a separate individual with your own identity. As this part of your brain developed, you became more aware of yourself and your thoughts and feelings.
Though humans may share certain emotions and recognize them in others, we don’t all have the same emotional response to every situation. In fact, most emotional responses are learned and stored in our memories. The smell of freshly cut grass, for example, will generate happy feelings in someone who spent enjoyable childhood summers in the countryside, but not in someone who was forced to work long hours on a farm. Once an emotional association like this is made, it is very difficult to reverse it. “Emotion is the least flexible part of the brain,” says psychologist Paul Ekman. But we can learn to control our emotions by becoming consciously aware of their underlying causes and by not reacting automatically to things in our environment.
For centuries, people have studied the brain, but it is only in recent years that we have really started to learn how it works. Nevertheless, there is still a long way to go before we understand our mind’s many complexities.
1. What is the passage mainly about?A.How we create and control emotions. | B.How the mind works. |
C.How human beings are distinct. | D.How emotions are processed. |
A.To illustrate the importance of the heart in ancient Egyptian culture. |
B.To introduce the core theme of the mind-body connection and evolution. |
C.To provide an example of how the brain has been misunderstood throughout history. |
D.To contrast the ancient Egyptians’ views on the brain with the modern one. |
A.Self-awareness develops before the age of two. |
B.The prefrontal cortex affects a person’s emotions. |
C.The prefrontal cortex is located at the front of the brain. |
D.Self-awareness strengthens with the development of the brain. |
A.Emotions are universal and do not change over time or with individual experiences. |
B.Emotions are generally learned and stored in our memories, making them quite flexible. |
C.Emotions are influenced by our personal experiences and can vary from person to person. |
D.Emotions are the least flexible part of the mind, and they cannot be controlled. |
1. When and where will they gather tomorrow?
A.At 7: 00 on the bus. |
B.At 8: 00 on the bridge. |
C.At 6: 00 at the gate of the hotel. |
A.Watch the sunrise. |
B.Enjoy original artworks. |
C.Visit famous historical sites. |
A.The museum. | B.The market. | C.The bridge. |
China-made autonomous sweepers are grabbing attention all over the globe, as the country uses its technological expertise (专长)
A Shanghai-based high-tech company has received
In recent months, its advanced technology and features have attracted the attention of several local residents as well as
Liang Haiming, director of Hainan University’s Belt and Road Research Institute, said that unmanned sweepers made in China have advantages in automation technology, smart management and the application of new energy,
“In addition to cleanliness, the field of autonomous driving
A.Worn out. | B.Out of fashion. | C.Too tight. |
First published on October 15, 1952, “Charlotte’s Web” is a popular children’s book written by well-known American author E. B. White and
While it’s normal in the course of events on a farm for pigs
The ending of the “Charlotte’s Web” is bittersweet, however,
Death and destiny are both themes that the book explores. While Charlotte is willing to help Wilbur avoid a destiny that’s being imposed on him by outside forces beyond his control, she also understands that some fates are inevitable: All living creatures are born,
Charlotte helps Wilbur realize that immortality is not about living forever, but rather,
“Charlotte’s Web” got its inspiration from true experiences that author E. B. White had on his farm in Maine,