1 . Crocodiles today look very similar to ones from 200 million years ago. There are also very few species alive today---just 25. Other animals such as lizards（蜥蜴）and birds have achieved a diversity of many thousands of species in the same amount of time or less.

Prehistory also saw types of crocodile we don't see today, including giants as big as dinosaurs, plant-eaters, fast runners and snake-like forms that lived in the sea. The rate of their evolution is generally slow, but occasionally they evolve more quickly because the environment has changed. In particular, their evolution speeds up when the climate is warmer, and their body size increases.

The body size of crocodiles is important because it interacts with how fast animals grow, how much food they need, how big their populations are and how likely they are to become extinct. The limited diversity of crocodiles and their apparent lack of evolution is a result of a slow evolutionary rate. It seems the crocodiles arrived at a body plan that was very efficient and perfect enough that they didn't need to change it in order to survive. This perfection could be one explanation why crocodiles survived Cretaceous period（白垩纪）, in which the dinosaurs died out.

Crocodiles generally develop better in warm conditions because they cannot control their body temperature and require warmth from the environment. The climate during the age of dinosaurs was warmer than it is today, and that may explain why there were many more varieties of crocodiles than we see now. Being able to draw energy from the sun means they do not need to eat as much as a warm-blooded animal like a bird or a mammal（哺乳动物）.

1. What influenced the evolution of crocodiles most?

A．Their number.

B．The climate.

C．Their habits.

D．Food resources.

2. Why did crocodiles go slowly in evolution?

A．As a result of their good appetite.

B．Because of their perfect body type.

C．Owing to so many dinosaurs around.

D．Due to their limited ability to reproduce.

3. We can infer from the last paragraph that crocodiles ________.

A．are warm-blooded animals	B．like cold living conditions
C．eat less than mammals	D．are fiercer than dinosaurs

4. What is the text mainly about?

A．The history of crocodiles,

B．Ancient animals' evolution.

C．Residents of the Cretaceous period.

D．The "stop-start" pattern of crocodiles' evolution.

2 . Sandra was a businesswoman in Orlando. Approaching her 50th birthday, she decided to___________ her love of cats and her work experience to start the Orlando Cat Cafe.

As a lifelong cat fan, Sandra's main goal in opening the cafe was to help _________ cats up for adoption with proper pet parents. What she didn't ___________at the time was that her café would help human visitors as much as the cats!

“The most___________thing in the cafe is that they always have new cats and cats need socialization, so both sides ___________!”says Laurie, who is one_________guest. She, like many other cat lovers, who _________have pets at home because of allergies (过敏反应) in the family, often comes to the cafe to experience the benefits of ___________with cute animals whenever she likes.

Plus, Sandra's cat-adoption ___________aren't the only charitable initiative happening at the cafe! The coffee and food______________for visitors are made by Axum Coffee, a company that was also started to____________others. Axum is a city in Ethiopia where fresh water is ____________and even poverty is widely visible. In fact, the coffee and food are sold at a low price at the cafe, some of whose____________go to the people of Axum, Ethiopia, to help improve their____________ of life.

“My cafe and Axum Coffee have a(n)____________ mission to reach out to others. We hit it off and became partners, ”says Sandra.

Maybe the next time you visit Orlando，you'll____________Sandra's cafe, and hit it off with one of the cats up for__________ ! Adoption specialists are always on-site to help match the personalities of potential ____________ with those of the cats in the play area. And it ____________ ! More than 80 cats have been adopted since Sandra__________ her business in 2016.

1.

A．compare

B．combine

C．confirm

D．clarify

2.

A．match

B．cut

C．hold

D．wake

3.

A．manage

B．understand

C．realize

D．expand

4.

A．controversial

B．awkward

C．optional

D．wonderful

5.

A．disapprove

B．win

C．compromise

D．leave

6.

A．careless

B．generous

C．mysterious

D．regular

7.

A．unlikely

B．occasionally

C．permanently

D．merely

8.

A．interacting

B．competing

C．reasoning

D．agreeing

9.

A．influences ,

B．efforts

C．difficulties

D．reasons

10.

A．in debt

B．out of date

C．on sale

D．in no way

11.

A．help

B．change

C．reward

D．praise

12.

A．cheap

B．widespread

C．scarce

D．accessible

13.

A．risks

B．costs

C．resources

D．profits

14.

A．quality

B．efficiency

C．stages

D．theories

15.

A．false

B．easy

C．similar

D．debatable

16.

A．clean up

B．seek out

C．set up

D．point out

17.

A．trade :

B．discussion

C．check

D．adoption

18.

A．founders

B．experts

C．owners

D．pets

19.

A．ends

B．fails

C．appears

D．works

20.

A．abandoned

B．ran

C．reduced

D．switched

3 . 阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式。

In order to know a foreign language thoroughly, four things are necessary. Firstly, we must understand the language when we hear     1     spoken. Secondly, we must be able to speak it correctly with confidence and without hesitation.     2     , we must be able to read the language, and fourthly, we must be able to write it. We must be able to make sentences that are grammatically correct.

There is no easy way to success     3     language learning.     4     good memory is of great help, but it is not enough only     5    ( memorize) rules from a grammar book. It is not much use learning by heart long list of words and     6     meanings, studying the dictionary and so on. We must learn by using the language.     7     we are satisfied with only a few rules we have memorized, we are not really learning the language. “Learn through use” is a good piece of     8     (advise) for those     9     are studying a new language. Practice is important. We must practice speaking and     10    (write) the language whenever we can.

4 . I am a 21-year-old boy, and this is my story.

One month after I graduated from high school in 2009, I was coming home from swim practice and was involved in a car accident. I was so seriously injured that I was in a coma(昏迷) for over two months at Prince Georges Hospital.

I died eight times during my coma and I couldn’t talk or communicate when I woke up. Walking was never going to happen again due to all the extreme injuries. Just like my body, my dreams were almost shattered. But I was not going to let my injuries prevent me from living my dreams.

After 14 operations and blood transfusions, I had to learn how to talk, eat, walk, shower and live independently again. When I was out of hospital, I still had to go to outpatient therapy in Waldorf, Maryland. After spending a few months in a wheelchair, I took baby steps to walk on my own. It was a miracle that I could walk again, but I wanted to prove that I could not only walk, but run. When it came true, I wanted to get back in the pool again. After a few lung tests, I was able to go in the pool a little bit each week. After a few months of swim training, I began my freshman year at St. Mary’s College of Maryland and became a proud member of the swim team.

By telling my story, I want to make a positive influence on the world. I am just trying to live each day to the fullest and inspire other people never to give up their dreams no matter how bad a situation is. I remember when I was still in my hospital bed, I would have my mom and dad push me around in my wheelchair to the other rooms to see the other patients and talk to them and their families. I wanted to let them know that everything was going to be okay. Somehow, things would work out for the best.

1. When the car accident happened, the author ________.

A．was a high school student	B．had finished his high school education
C．was a college student	D．was returning home from a swim competition

2. What does the underlined word “shattered” in Paragraph 3 mean?

A．Begun

B．Destroyed

C．Shared

D．Taken

3. It can be inferred that the author ________ after he woke up from his coma.

A．was out of hospital	B．was in surprise
C．faced physical and mental challenges	D．was worried about his lung

4. What does the author mainly want to show in the last paragraph?

A．His purpose of sharing his story.	B．His painful experiences.
C．His influence on students.	D．His great achievements.

5 . 根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

In high school, it’s important to stay healthy.    1    How can you study well if you’re sick? So you should pay attention to your health in order to study well in high school. In order to enjoy good health, you should have some good habits. Here are some tips for you.Drink water regularly every day. Some students don’t like drinking water. They only drink water when they’re extremely thirsty.    2    You should drink water regularly so that your body and brain can function well. Avoid sports drinks and soda when you’re thirsty. They are not good for your health.    3    Some students don’t eat three meals a day. No matter what happens, you shouldn’t skip any meal of the day. Eating regularly helps keep your metabolism (新陈代谢) high and keeps your energy up. It’s especially important to eat a good breakfast every day with protein, carbohydrates(碳水化合物), and fiber to set up your body for the day of activity. If you don’t eat, how can you stay focused in class?Eat the right foods. Some students eat whatever they can get. This is wrong.    4    Choose whole grains like rice and whole wheat flours. Skip muffins, donuts and other processed foods. Instead, choose whole grains, protein, fruits and vegetables.    5    If you do that, you may not pay attention to how much you are eating. You may eat too much. Eating too much harms your health. And you may gain too much weight because of it. Try to eat slowly so your brain sends the right signals to tell your belly that’s full.

A．This is bad for your health.

B．Don’t skip meals.

C．Eat a good breakfast every day.

D．Avoid eating too much at one time.

E．If you are unhealthy, you may fall ill easily.

F．Don’t watch TV or movies when you eat.

G．You should eat the foods that are good for your body.

6 . 假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文,请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。
增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。
删除:把多余的词用斜线(\)划掉。
修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。
注意: 1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;
2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。
I love camping. It is my favourite way to spent the summer vacation. Last year, my families and I went camping in the countryside. It was one of the excited experiences I had never had. We slept in a tent and took a long walk every day. We cook over a fire and the food always tasted wonderfully. For a whole week, I saw lovely mountain views or breathed fresh air. At night, I heard the gentle wind blowing in the tree, and I feel so peaceful. It doesn’t cost many to camp. What I believe it’s the best way to get close nature and enjoy its beauty.

7 . 假如你是李华，最近你发现你的好友李鹏因为一次英语考试的不及格而有了厌学的情绪。你很担心他。请根据以下的要点给李鹏写一封英语建议邮件，鼓励他战胜困难、努力学习。
1．分析李鹏的学习情况。他上课不注意听讲等；
2．建议高中生应该如何面对考试中的失败和挫折；
3．对他今后的学习提供帮助。
注意：1．短文必须包括所有要点，可以适当增加情节，使内容连贯。
2．词数100左右。
3．开头和结尾已经给出，不计入总词数。
4．参考词汇：frustration 挫折
发件人：LiHua@yahoo．com．cn
收件人：LiPeng@163．com．cn
日期：Thur，6 Nov 2014 11:30
主题：Cheer up! Everything will be fine．
Hi, Li Peng,

To be honest, I’m really concerned about you as I find you are tired of studying English after taking the exam. I’m writing to

___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Yours sincerely，

Li Hua

8 . It was her giggling(咯咯的笑)that drew my attention. Note taking really wasn’t all that funny.
　　Walking over to the offender, I asked for the____ Frozen, she refused to give it to me. I waited, all attention in the classroom on the quiet____ between teacher and student. When she finally____it over, she whispered, “Okay, but I didn’t draw it.”
　　It was a hand-drawn____of me, teeth blackened and the words “I’m stupid” coming out of my mouth.
　　 I managed to fold it up calmly. My mind, ____, was working angrily as I struggled not to ____ I figured I knew the two most likely candidates for drawing the picture. It would do them some____to teach them a lesson, and maybe it was high time that I did it!
　　Thankfully, I was able to keep myself____
　　When there were about six minutes remaining, I showed the class the picture. They were all silent as I told them how____this was for me. I told them there must be a reason____and now was their chance to write down anything they needed to tell me. Then I let them write silently while I sniffed in the back of the classroom.
　　 As I____the notes later, many of them said something like, “I’ve got nothing against you.” or “I’m sorry you were hurt.” Some kids said, “We’re____of you.” But two notes, from the girls who I____were behind the picture, had a list of issues. I was too____, too strict…
　　Reading those notes, I realized that over the course of this year, instead of____my students, I had begun commanding them to____ Where I thought I was driving them to success, I was ____ driving them away.
　　I had some apologies to make. But the next day in the classroom, one boy and one girl each handed me a card. The one____by all the boys expressed sincere regret for the ugly joke. The one from the girls asked for ____
　　This was a lesson for both the kids and me. Forgiveness does not change the past, but it does enlarge the____1.

A．note

B．advice

C．reason

D．help

2.

A．battle

B．competition

C．argument

D．conversation

3.

A．took

B．thought

C．turned

D．handed

4.

A．statue

B．graph

C．picture

D．poster

5.

A．otherwise

B．however

C．therefore

D．besides

6.

A．leave

B．cry

C．explain

D．argue

7.

A．good

B．harm

C．favor

D．punishment

8.

A．amused

B．controlled

C．uninterested

D．relaxed

9.

A．meaningful

B．forgetful

C．regretful

D．hurtful

10.

A．aside

B．above

C．beneath

D．behind

11.

A．wrote

B．finished

C．read

D．collected

12.

A．proud

B．fond

C．afraid

D．ashamed

13.

A．figured

B．promised

C．concluded

D．saw

14.

A．talkative

B．mean

C．clumsy

D．considerate

15.

A．forcing

B．encouraging

C．comforting

D．teaching

16.

A．appreciate

B．apologize

C．compromise

D．achieve

17.

A．actually

B．normally

C．immediately

D．generally

18.

A．decorated

B．offered

C．signed

D．bought

19.

A．thankfulness

B．forgiveness

C．compensation

D．communication

20.

A．friendship

B．education

C．knowledge

D．future

9 . That summer an army of crickets(蟋蟀) started a war with my father. Dad cared for insects no more than Mamma, but he could tolerate a few living in the basement. Mamma was a city girl and she said a cricket was just too noisy. Then to support her point she wouldn’t go to bed. She drank coffee and smoked my father’s cigarettes and paced between the sofa and the TV. Next morning she threatened to pack up and leave, so Dad drove to the store and hurried back. He sprayed poison from a jug. When he was finished he told us that was the end of it.
     For a couple of weeks we went back to find dead crickets in the laundry. He suggested that we’d all be better off to hide as many as we could from Mamma. I fed a few dozen to the cat who I didn’t like because he scratched for no reason.
     However, soon live crickets started showing up in the kitchen and bathroom. Mamma was upset because she thought they were the dead crickets coming back,but Dad said these were certainly new ones. He fetched his jug of posion and sprayed all over until the whole house smelled of posion, and then he sprayed the basement again.

A couple of weeks later, when both live and dead crickets kept turning up, Dad emptied the basement of junk. Then he burned a lot of old newspapers and magazines which he said the crickets had turned into nests.

   While we ate supper that evening, the wind lifted some flames onto the wood pile. The only gasoline was in the lawn mower’s(割草机) fuel tank but that was enough to create an explosion big enough to reach the house. Once the roof caught, there wasn’t much anyone could do.
   After the fire trucks left, Mamma took the others to Aunt Gail’s. I helped Dad and Uncle Burt carry things out of the house and pile them by the road. We worked into the night and we didn’t talk much, while all around the noise of crickets broke our silence.
1. What do we know about the author’s mother?

A．She didn’t like insects at all.

B．She liked insects more than his father.

C．She cared for insects very much.

D．She could only tolerate a few insects.

2. The author’s father drove to the store to buy _______.

A．cigarettes for himself	B．some poison
C．more coffee for his wife	D．some gasoline

3. The author’s father burned the old newspapers and magazines because he thought ______.

A．they were no longer useful

B．the crickets were afraid of fires

C．they became the home of crickets

D．the dead crickets came back to life

4. We learn from the last paragraph that ________.

A．the author’s family lost their battle against the crickets

B．the author’s parents learned to put up with insects

C．the author’s family didn’t suffer much in the fire

D．the author’s parents got divorced

10 . It was Thanksgiving morning. In the crowded kitchen of my small home I was busy preparing the traditional Thanksgiving turkey when the doorbell rang. I opened the front door and saw two small children in rags huddling together inside the storm door on the top step.
"Any old papers, lady?" asked one of them.
I was busy. I wanted to say “no” ____looked down at their feet. They were wearing thin scandals (凉鞋),wet with heavy snow.
“Come in and I'11 ____ you a cup of hot cocoa.”
They walked over and sat down at the table. Their wet shoes left____ on the floor．I ____ them cocoa and toast with jam ____ the cold outside. Then I went back to the kitchen and started again on my household budget. The silence in the front door ____me. I looked in. The girl____the empty cup in her hands, looking at it. The boy asked in a flat____ ," Lady ．．． are you rich?"
"Am I rich? Mercy, ____" I looked at my shabby slipcover(家具套)．The girl put her cup back in its saucer（茶碟）____ .
“Your cups match your saucers．”
Her voice was ____with a need that no amount of food could supply．They left after that, holding their ____against the wind．They hadn't said thank you．
They didn’t ____to. They had done more than that. Plain blue china cups and saucers were only worth five pence. But they____
I tasted the potatoes and stirred(搅动)the meat soup. Potatoes and brown meat soup, a ____over our heads, my man with a good steady job—these things matched, too．
I moved the chairs back from the fire and____the living room．The muddy prints of small scandals were still ____ on my floor. “____them be for a while,” I thought. Just ____I should begin to forget how ____I am.1.

A．when

B．after

C．while

D．until

2.

A．make

B．provide

C．do

D．cook

3.

A．signs

B．signals

C．marks

D．symbols

4.

A．showed

B．served

C．carried

D．supplied

5.

A．against

B．from

C．on

D．in

6.

A．beat

B．struck

C．got

D．noticed

7.

A．watched

B．lifted

C．held

D．put

8.

A．word

B．method

C．state

D．voice

9.

A．yes

B．sure

C．no

D．always

10.

A．suddenly

B．carefully

C．quickly

D．anxiously

11.

A．hungry

B．satisfied

C．pleased

D．curious

12.

A．books

B．papers

C．dishes

D．drinks

13.

A．dare

B．plan

C．want

D．need

14.

A．shone

B．matched

C．broke

D．equaled

15.

A．house

B．ceiling

C．roof

D．curtain

16.

A．washed

B．rubbed

C．wiped

D．tidied

17.

A．dry

B．gone

C．wet

D．new

18.

A．Made

B．Let

C．Got

D．Kept

19.

A．in case

B．as if

C．if only

D．only if

20.

A．nice

B．free

C．busy

D．rich