1 . 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

The Great Wall

As a symbol of ancient Chinese civilization, the Great Wall is one of the world’s oldest and most magnificent (壮丽的) man-made scenes,     1     has a long history. Given its out-standing architectural achievement and remarkable historical influence, the Great Wall     2     (list) as a UNESCO World Cultural Heritage site in 1987, the first of     3     (it) kind in China.

The Great Wall was     4     (original) built over 2,000 years ago during the West Zhou Dynasty, and served     5     a functional military defence. It had been playing a crucial role in wars in ancient Chinese history. Therefore, it was continually to be extended in the next 2,000 years, till the end of Ming Dynasty. As a result, the Great Wall was expanded to many places in China and formed a beautiful shape.

Because its     6     (long) is 21,196. 18 km, it is widely named “Wanli Changcheng”. There are Northern Great Wall and Southern Great Wall, according to the locations.

The Great Wall is a place steeped in history and has much     7     (offer) you. For those who are fascinated (入迷的) by it and     8     (greed) for the knowledge of it, you will find massive information about it, the historical development, the background stories and its facts and figures. Whether you are a history-loving traveler     9     a lover of natural landscape, you will never get tired of the Great Wall, one of the seven     10     (wonder) in the world.

2 . Sustainability for kids can start with a seed. We put together some ways to involve the whole family in protecting the environment.

Go on a hike. Parental involvement in early childhood education looks different in various settings from preschool to home and to the grocery store.     1     Going on a hike together can be an ideal thing to investigate a local ecosystem, look for signs of the changing season, and gain an overall appreciation of the world outdoors. Plus, by bringing an extra garbage bag and gloves to pick up trash along the way, parents can show kids some educational activities.

Go green for holidays. Make holidays fun while also supporting a green environment for kids. Use LED lights for decorative lighting.     2     Decrease your carbon footprint and purchase holiday gifts from local shops.

    3     Parents don’t need an acre of land to teach their children that food doesn't grow at the grocery store. All they need is sunlight, water and dirt. A windowsill is the perfect spot to grow herbs. A back deck can grow beautiful tomatoes. Plant peach seeds in a small container.     4    

Recycle together. Recycling activities for kids can be fun and support family involvement in education at the same time.     5     Then work with them to make something new out of the recycled items, such as making boxes out of recycled cardboard and storage tins out of recycled cans.

A．Plant a “garden”.

B．Don’t buy food from the grocery.

C．Protecting the environment for kids is important.

D．Parents should tell children what they can recycle.

E．And the children can watch a little peach tree grow.

F．Recycle Christmas trees instead of throwing them away.

G．To a child, every setting and every moment can be a teachable one.

3 . Darcie Hayward will have her five-year-old Alaskan Malamute, Sora, put paws on the pavement every day of the next month to raise funds for Guide Dogs Australia’s PAWGUST campaign.

The initiative, which encourages Australians to walk their dogs for 30 minutes a day for 30 days, is a cause close to the 29-year-old’s heart. Her younger blind brother Lachie, 27, was recently matched with a guide dog of his own, black Labrador Eddie in May after 18 months of tests and compatibility(相容)training.

“Since Eddie arrived, Lachie has been able to walk around without his cane(手杖), feeling like he is just walking his dog, ” said Darcie, who lives in Langwarrin, Victoria. “They are best friends. ” Seeing the difference a guide dog made to her brother, Darcie was overjoyed to be raising funds, so other Australians could one day have their own companion dogs, like Lachie.

“Many people see a guide dog and go, not realizing how much it takes to raise a guide dog puppy so I want to raise some awareness, ” said Darcie. “It’s amazing to see how Lachie’s life has improved, but there are many people without that companionship. It’s really nice to be able to contribute in any way I can. I shared the experience on our local community web page, mentioning we are raising money for guide dogs. Surprisingly, a couple of strangers donated. ”

It seems that Eddie has already been a popular pup with the locals. “There are so many kids who have been asking to pat Eddie that Lachie has to reject them, ” Darcie added with a smile. Excited to be making a positive impact by walking her own dog, Darcie is eager to encourage more people to fetch their leashes(牵狗用的皮带) and tie up their trainers to take action.

1. What is the campaign?

A．A charitable event.

B．A training course.

C．A walking test.

D．A community action.

2. What effect did Eddie have on Lachie?

A．Slight.

B．Positive.

C．Potential.

D．Undesirable.

3. Why did Darcie share the experience?

A．To save more guide dogs.

B．To spread Lachie’s story.

C．To help more blind people.

D．To interact with the neighbors.

4. What does Darcie want people to do?

A．Do more walking.

B．Raise their own dogs.

C．Donate some leashes.

D．Get involved in the campaign.

4 . About 400 pounds of food is wasted per day from 5 pm to 8 pm in Douglass Dining Hall. “We scrape(刮掉) the food from the conveyor belt into the buckets by hand. Working for Dining Team Green, I don’t expect to basically become a garbage girl,” Roll said. “We do the work because we care much about it. We all have a responsibility to take care of the environment.”

To have more approachable composting(把……制成堆肥) machines on campus, Roll now has a new sustainable project investing in Lomi, an automated compost machine. “I learned about Lomi through an ad,” Roll said. “Funny enough, I just saw it and thought it perfect. It really interested me how the mechanism worked. ”

Lomi is a new technology that can break down food waste into natural compost. According to Roll, it breaks down waste in the way: grinding(碾碎) the food into plant fertilizer. Unlike most composting machines, Omi can compost animal products, such as small bones. Another huge benefit is that it doesn’t have smell and can convert waste to compost in a shorter time.

Roll plans on using the compost in the Gilbert community garden so that Dining Team Green can give back to the community. “It’s very exciting to see our food waste that would otherwise have gone in the trash and pollute the environment go to our community,” she said.

Roll is excited to introduce a new form of composting to the residents. She hopes that this machine will inspire other composting machines in all residential buildings. “I want Lomi not only to be a way to reduce food waste on the floor, but an educational tool to make people compost in a real way and not just talk about it in a theoretical sense,” Roll said.

1. Which of the following can best describe Lomi?

A．Elegant.	B．Widespread.
C．Low-powered.	D．Environmentally friendly.

2. What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about?

A．The reasons for designing Lomi.	B．The impact of wasting food.
C．The solution to food waste.	D．The advantages of Lomi.

3. What may be Roll’s expectation?

A．More people will get involved in composting initiatives.

B．Dining Team Green will become an educational tool.

C．More developed composting machines will be invented.

D．Dining Team Green will build community gardens.

4. What can we know about Roll?

A．She lives in the Gilbert community.

B．She is a member of Dining Team Green.

C．She knows a lot about residential buildings.

D．She plans to design more composting machines.

5 . Consider what goes through your mind after you’ve taken your seat on an airplane. You’ve not seen the captain, but his or her voice comes over the air. “Hello, this is your captain speaking.” Are you about to fly the friendly skies? What you probably don’ realize is that you do make quick judgments (判断) based on very few factors the moment you hear “hello”.

Experts have discovered that “hello” carries enough information for listeners to draw judgments about the speakers personality, such as how reliable (可信赖的) he or she is. They recorded 64 students reading a telephone conversation. The word “hello” was then picked from each recording, and 320 different students listened to that word through a computer. The students were asked to score the voices according to personality, including attractiveness and warmth, giving them points from l to 10. Although every voice was played in one third a second, the students formed an opinion quickly.

It is amazing that from such short voices of speech they can get such an obvious impression of a person. And whether it is correct, their impressions are mostly the same as what the other listeners get. The research also suggests that people’ impressions are based on the tone (语调) of voice. Men and women who present the strength of their voices are regarded as more reliable.

The speed with which the students made their judgments makes much sense. Deciding who to trust can be important to your survival. There’s no point in listening to someone talk for 5 minutes to decide if they’re reliable or not — you could be dead already. The discovery may help improve computer-made voice technologies, experts say.

1. Why does the author mention “the captain” in paragraph 1?

A．To present a fact.	B．To make a prediction.
C．To introduce a new research.	D．To explain the rule on a plane.

2. How did the students tell the speakers’ personality?

A．Making telephone calls.

B．Playing voices at high speeds.

C．Picking “hello” from conversations.

D．Listening to and scoring the records of “hello”.

3. What can we do to leave a good first impression?

A．Make a long speech.	B．Give powerful voice.
C．Follow other listeners.	D．Speak as fast as possible.

4. What will probably be talked about in the following paragraph?

A．The secret to tallying for 5 minutes.	B．The different ways you say “hello”.
C．The application in voice technologies.	D．The method of listening with attention.

7 . 阅读下面短文, 在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Huang Yifan, a student from Shandong Province,     1    (like) observing ants and has discovered many funny secrets behind their behaviors, helping him win the gold medal in the S. -T. Yau High School Science Award, which is aimed to inspire scientific innovations for Chinese high school students all over the world. Since last August, Huang     2    (commit) to the competition. He’ve found that     3    ants live underground for a long time, they could still find out if other ants belong to the same nest.     4    (test) this, Huang made a nest with about 100 ants, using materials such     5     test tubes and plastic bottles.

He applied blue paint to the stomach of one of the ants and put it back into the nest and observed how the rest of the ants responded. “After the     6    (paint) ant enters the nest,     7     rest will attack it and stop it from entering the nest. But when the ants discover that the dyed ant comes from the same nest by using their eyes and sense of smell, they will stop attacking, ” Huang said.

With animal tracking software, cameras and other instruments, Huang designed six experiments to     8    (far) explore the individual ants’ ability to recognize their nestmates. “Social insects like ants and bees have a strong    9    (able) to distinguish their own nest- mates,     10     helps to enhance the cohesion (凝聚力) within the nest,” Huang added.

8 . “All of our senses convert (转换) physical energy in the surrounding world into electrical responses. which are the common currency that the nervous system uses, “ said James Hudspeth from Rockefeller University.

Hudspeth said, “Our ears have to convert mechanical vibrations(震动)in the air into electrical responses. And the way this is done is that there are so-called hair cells. These cells have little microscopic bristles(刚毛), about a hundred of them, and on the top of each cell, these bristles vibrate back and forth in response to sound. That sets up an electrical signal that goes down a nerve fiber and into the brain. ”

Hudspeth continued, “The real question is what happens with these hair cells as they degenerate. We lose them owing to loud sounds and certain drugs, and we lose them with ag- ing. What can be done to repair them so that we can restore hearing?”

Another expert, Robert Fettiplace said, “Well, I mean there are two aspects to this, one of which is that you could try and regrow them. Almost all hearing loss is due to death of the hair cells or lack of formation of them in the first place. The cells are all different. ”

Hudspeth said, “The problems that Robert has mentioned go for mammals, including ourselves. The situation is different with other four-legged animals. But, in reptiles, including birds, this regeneration is going on all the time, like in fish. In fact, you can take a chicken to a concert, blasting its ears. They will nicely regenerate, and even with frequency- specific hair cells, they will reconnect, and the animal will be able to hear normally again. ”

Hudspeth added, “I agree that there is an enormous challenge, and this is certainly some- thing that won’t happen overnight in ourselves. But I don’t think it’s a hopeless task and I think basically what many people are trying to do is decode (解码) the signals sent as these hair cells develop, and by doing so to recognize the signaling pathways that might be reactivated the original development and restore hair cells by that means. ”

1. How is the conversion achieved according to the text?

A．Through the brain.

B．Through hair cells.

C．Through physical energy.

D．Through certain drugs.

2. What does the underlined word “degenerate” in paragraph 3 mean?

A．Worsen.	B．Form.
C．Proceed.	D．Extend.

3. What does the enormous challenge mentioned in the last paragraph refer to?

A．Replacing cells.

B．Receiving signals.

C．Restoring hearing.

D．Reconnecting pathways.

4. Which may be the best title for the text?

A．How do electrical responses work?

B．How can we decode hearing signals?

C．What results in mechanical vibrations?

D．What can animals teach hearing researchers?

9 . An inability to stand on one leg for 10 seconds in later life is linked to nearly double the risk of death from any cause within the next decade, according to a new study. The simple balance test may be useful to be included in routine physical exams for people in middle and old age, the research, which was published in British Journal of Sports Medicine, suggested.

While aging leads to a decline in physical fitness, muscle strength and flexibility, balance tends to be reasonably well-preserved until a person’s 50s, when it starts to decline relatively rapidly, the research noted. Previous research has linked the inability to stand on one leg to a greater risk of falls and to cognitive decline.

The study involved 1,702 people aged 51 to 75 living in Brazil, who were asked to balance unsupported on one leg during an initial check. Researchers told the participants to place the front of the free foot behind the standing leg, keep their arms by their sides and eyes. Fixed straight ahead. Up to three attempts on either foot were permitted.

The study participants had an average age of 61 and two-thirds of them were men. Around 1 in 5 failed to balance on one leg for 10 seconds at the initial checkup. Researchers monitored the participants after the initial checkup for a period of seven years, during which 7% of the people died. The proportion (比例)of deaths among those who failed the test (17.5%) was significantly higher than deaths among those who were able to balance for 10 seconds(4.5%).

The research was observational and didn’t reveal cause and effect. The study didn’t look at any possible biological mechanisms that might explain the link between poor balance and longevity.

The study noted that, overall, those who failed the test were in poorer health, with greater proportion of suffering from obesity, heart disease and high blood pressure. Diabetes was also more common among those who failed to complete the test.

1. What did the participants take during the research?

A．Vision examinations.	B．Medical examinations.
C．Flexibility tests.	D．Balance tests.

2. How did the researchers get the findings?

A．By calculating the participant numbers.

B．By comparing the participants’ lifetime.

C．By identifying the participants’ diseases.

D．By monitoring the participants’ pressure.

3. What was the research’s shortcoming?

A．It had few participants.

B．It didn’t last very long.

C．It lacked in-depth study.

D．It was the first research on balance.

4. What may be the best title for the text?

A．Balance determines a person’s lifetime

B．The balance test should be promoted to people

C．The ability to stand on one leg can reflect health levels

D．Being able to stand for 10 seconds means being healthy

10 . Jacob McFarland loves making and bringing his parents coffee. And now the 21-year-old, who has autism (孤独症), has his own cafe.

Making coffee for his dad is a passion. It makes him feel very ______. Jacob is his father’s biggest ______, and he loves coffee. So, Jacob loves everything his father loves. Jacob was ______ himself in all types of research about the proper beans to use, the best water, the water temperature and the ______ of the whole thing.

His parents ______ a record store in town, and they had to ______ close it sometimes because it was not an ______ business. Jacob, who was 19 at the time and had graduated from high school, was still in continuing education courses, but those ______ too. So, the family decided to do a coffee cart (推车) outside of their store.

The coffee cart was a way to keep ______ coming out-even though they couldn’t shop for ______ inside the store. It had a double benefit, because Jacob got to ______ his dream of being barista (咖啡师).

Not only was the coffee business successful, it helped ______ Jacob’s life. The cafe has expanded even further, by employing other young people with ______ and helping them with future employment efforts. Having a business has also helped Jacob socially. He’s found the ______ side of himself. And if this were to all go away tomorrow, the ______ in Jacob in two and a half years has been worth everything.

1.

A．famous

B．injured

C．happy

D．tired

2.

A．fan

B．son

C．problem

D．concern

3.

A．celebrating

B．serving

C．educating

D．absorbing

4.

A．lecture

B．technology

C．point

D．depth

5.

A．own

B．buy

C．need

D．build

6.

A．fluently

B．gradually

C．absolutely

D．temporarily

7.

A．honorable

B．exciting

C．essential

D．accessible

8.

A．spread

B．stopped

C．existed

D．indicated

9.

A．businessmen

B．guests

C．passengers

D．customers

10.

A．records

B．vegetables

C．equipment

D．clothes

11.

A．go through

B．come up

C．live out

D．cut in

12.

A．plan

B．change

C．design

D．imagine

13.

A．disabilities

B．skills

C．knowledge

D．experience

14.

A．original

B．artificial

C．inner

D．social

15.

A．adventure

B．anxiety

C．progress

D．promise