1. What did Clara do during the Civil War?
A.She joined the army. | B.She urged to stop the war. | C.She helped the wounded. |
A.She collected money to help the wounded. |
B.She considered setting up the American Red Cross. |
C.She led a group to search for missing soldiers. |
A.In 1869. | B.In 1873. | C.In 1881. |
A.Over 20 years. | B.About 12 years. | C.Over 4 years. |
1. Why did the young worker hide the skull?
A.He wanted to keep it safe. | B.He wanted to sell it later. | C.He wanted to do research on it. |
A.In 1978. | B.In 2018. | C.In 2021. |
A.The location where it was found. |
B.The dragon-like features. |
C.The name of its finder. |
A.Heilongjiang. | B.Hebei. | C.Shaanxi. |
When it comes to the Silk Road, Zhang Qian, one of the most influential explorers of the Silk Road, will come to my mind.
Zhang Qian was a great explorer during the Han Dynasty.
Archaeologists have uncovered an ancient
“This is one of the most important ancient
According to Michael, future research at the site has the potential to clarify a range of topics, including the rise of one of Africa's first complex societies. Currently, they plan to do a further
1. Where will the people eat lunch?
A.In a restaurant. | B.In a museum. | C.In a park. |
A.In 1775. | B.In 1864. | C.In 1984. |
A.It was destroyed in a fire. |
B.It was cut down. |
C.It was destroyed in a storm. |
A.Having lunch. | B.Seeing the tree. | C.Walking around the park. |
1. What do we know about Beowulf?
A.It was written in Middle English. |
B.Its author is unknown. |
C.It is easy to understand. |
A.Between about AD 800 and AD 1066. |
B.Between about AD 1066 and AD 1150. |
C.Between about AD 1150 and AD 1500. |
A.An English historian. |
B.A Middle English poet. |
C.A Modern English writer. |
A.Modern English. | B.Middle English. | C.Old English. |
A.Japan. | B.India. | C.Vietnam. |
1. Where were films first shown?
A.In France. | B.In Britain. | C.In America. |
A.In 1890. | B.In 1895. | C.In 1927. |
A.The first film was called The Jazz Singer. |
B.There were words on the screen in some early films. |
C.Films became really popular in 1910s. |
A.Al Jolson. |
B.Roundhay Gorden Scene. |
C.The Jazz Singer. |
A SHORT HISTORY OF WESTERN PAINTING
What is Western art? It is hard to give a precise definition. As there have been so many different styles of Western art, it is impossible to describe them all in a short text. Perhaps the best way to understand Western art is to look at the development of Western painting over the centuries.
The Middle Ages (from the 5th to the 15th century)During the Middle Ages, the purpose of Western art was to teach people about Christianity. Thus, artists were not interested in painting realistic scenes. Their works were often primitive and two-dimensional, and the main characters were often made much larger than everyone else to show their importance. This began to change in the 13th century with Giotto di Bondone (1267-1337). While his paintings still had religious themes, they showed real people in a real environment. In particular, his paintings are set apart from other paintings by their realistic human faces and deep emotional impact.
The Renaissance (from the 14th to the 17th century)New ideas and values gradually replaced old ones from the Middle Ages. As a result, painters concentrated less on religious themes. They began to adopt a more humanistic attitude to life. An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1401-1428). Influential painters such as Leonardo da Vinci(1452-1519), Michelangelo(1475-1564), and Raphael (1483-1520) built upon Giotto and Masaccio's innovations to produce some of the greatest art that Europe had ever seen.
Another innovation was the use of oil paints. With their deep colours and realism, some of the best oil paintings look like photographs. While painters as early as Da Vinci had used oil, this technique reached its height with Rembrandt(1606-1669), who gained a reputation as a master of shadow and light.
In subject matter, the emphasis increasingly shifted from religious themes to people and the world around us. Kings, nobles, and people of high rank wanted to purchase accurate pictures of themselves and the people they loved. Others wanted paintings showing important historical events or stories from mythology. Finally, most clients wanted paintings that were beautiful and interesting to look at.
Impressionism (late 19th to early 20th century)The development of Western art slowed until the invention of photography in the mid-19th century. After that, paintings were no longer needed to preserve what people and the world looked like Hence, painters had to find a new way of looking at their art. From this, Impressionis emerged in France. The name of this new movement came from the painting by Claude Monet (1840-1926) called Impression, Sunrise. In this work, Monet's aim was to convey the light and movement in the scenethe subjective impression the scene gave him-but not a detailed record of the scene itself.
While many Impressionists painted scenes of nature or daily life, others, such as Renoir (1841-1919), focused on people. Unlike the cold, black-and-white photographs of that time period, Renoir’s paintings are full of light, shadow, colour, and life. He sought to show not just the outer image of his subjects, but their inner warmth and humanity as well.
Modern Art (from the 20th century to today)After Impressionism, subsequent artists began to ask, "What do we do next?" Painters such as Picasso (1881-1973tried to analyse the shapes which existed in the natural world but in a new way, with Cubism. Others gave their paintings a realistic but dream-like quality. Still others turned to abstract art. What they attempted to do was no longer show reality, but instead to ask the question, “What is art?”
1. 快速阅读文章,总结文章主旨大意。The text mainly tells us
A. The Renaissance B. The Middle Ages C. Introduction D. Modern Art E. Impressionism |
Part 2(Para. 2)
Part 3(Paras. 3~5)
Part 4(Paras. 6~7)
Part 5(Para. 8)
2. 精读文章,完成下面表格。
What is Western art? | ·Because of so many different styles of Western art, it is hard to give a precise |
How the Middle Ages developed | ·This began to change in the 13th century with Gitto di Bondone (1267-1337). His paintings showed real people in a |
How the Renaissance developed | ·From the Middle Ages, painters began to adopt a more ·An important breakthrough during this period was the use of perspective by Masaccio (1404-1428). ·Another |
How the Impressionism developed | ·Because of the invention of photograhy in the mid-19th century, Impressionism emerged in ·Monet’s aim was to convey the light and ·Renoir’s paintings are full of light, |
How the Modern Art developed | ·What they attempted to do was no longer show |
It is hard to give a precise