5 . 选用方框内合适的内容并用其正确形式完成下列短文（每项限用一次）。

make sense, skip, enthusiastic, motivating, countless, ultimate

When you set a big goal, you’re really assigning yourself       1     small tasks. When people give up on these big goals, it’s often because they haven’t figured out what those small tasks are or planned for the time and work needed.

No one wants to talk you out of a big goal. You should definitely pursue what you are     2     about in life. However, you should be realistic about where you are today, where you want to go and what you can reasonably achieve in the time frame and with the resources you’ve got. If you don’t really have the time or knowledge required to get where you want to go, it    3     to set a more achievable goal.

Once you meet that first goal, you promise yourself to set another and another. The approach is more effective because it guarantees at least some progress towards your big,     4    goal. It doesn’t have to be an “all or nothing” situation.

Once you’ve set a goal, you need to make achieving that goal part of your daily life. A new “habit stack” is needed. A habit stack is a series of small actions you do relatively in the same order each day. Most of us have a habit stack when getting ready for bed that includes washing your face, brushing your teeth, and setting your alarm, for example. You never or rarely     5     a step because the habit is set and you go from one activity to the next without even thinking about it. So, if you want to run a 10K this year, you’ll need to run nearly every day to practice. You should set out your running clothes and confirm your route the night before.

This is just one example of doing small things daily to help you achieve a larger goal. Goals that are “right-sized” relative to the amount of time and work you’re willing and able to invest are much more satisfying because you’re more likely to achieve them. Achieving a goal is an extremely       6     experience, and one that will build confidence so that you can work up to something more remarkable over time. As you set goals this year, overcome the “all or nothing” mindset and enjoy more success in the long term.

6 . 选词填空

plastic, traffic jam, reusable, species, gas, for instance, have a role

There is no doubt that human activities have warmed the atmosphere, oceans and land. To improve the situation, what can we do? Here are some tips on how to help protect our planet.

★ Keep talking about climate change

The first and most important thing you can do is keep talking about climate change to everyone. The greatest challenge in the history of our     1     should not be a taboo (禁忌) subject. Just one idea shared with one of your friends or relatives can     2     in protecting our planet.

★ Reduce and reuse what you can

As consumers, let’s try to make better choices. Think about these questions before you buy something. Can I reject all that packaging? Do I really need the new product? Besides, use     3     bottles and throwaway coffee cups less. You should keep refillable and     4     alternatives to hand. In addition, fix things when they are broken.     5    , you can replace your smartphone’s battery or screen instead of buying a whole new device.

★ Use cars less

If you use cars less, there will be less harmful     6     sent out to the environment. At the same time, there will be fewer     7    . You can get to your destination by walking, cycling or using public transport. If you need a car occasionally, hire an electric one. If you really need your own set of wheels, choose the most environmentally friendly one possible.

7 . Directions: Complete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A. lasting               B. opposing               C. agent-               D. enormous             E. Contribute F. convinced            G. involved               H. sponsor             I. committed             J. reflect K. insignificant

How an Individual Can Make a Difference

In the face of a multitude of global problems, it can be difficult to feel like an individual or small groups can make a difference. Our minds and hearts are in the right place but what can one person really do? It turns out quite a lot.

With Martin Luther King Day just around the comer in the United States, it’s the perfect time for all of us to     1     and remember just how much of an impact one person can make on the world. In his iconic speech at the Lincoln Memorial for the 1963 March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom, King told America, “I have a dream that one day this nation will rise up and live out the true meaning of its creed: We hold these truths to be self-evident, that all men are created equal.”

The social impact King had in the United States is tangible,     2     and real. All of us here at Up with People are     3     of the power of individuals to make a difference. In fact, it’s our mission.

Through music and action, we empower young people to be a positive     4     of change for a more hopeful, trusting, and peaceful world.

You might think the difference you can make is     5     . No matter what corner of the world you call home, what you do everyday matters and even small acts can make giant ripples of good in this world we all share.

It’s a myth that what we do has to be     6     to make a difference. You don’t have to be Martin Luther King Jr. to have a positive social impact on your community. Margaret Mead put it best, “Never doubt that a small group of thoughtful and     7     citizens can change the world. Indeed, it is the only thing that ever has.”

So, start small. Do daily, small acts of kindness. Pay for someone’s coffee, open a door, let someone cut in front of you in line or smile. Spread kindness because the world needs it.

    8     money or your time. Pick an organization close to home or volunteer around the world with Up with People!

Be a(n)     9     or join a meaningful campaign. Googling “join a campaign” will result in millions of responses from supporting children to the elderly. Whatever you get     10     in will advance the campaign greatly because of your actions. Pick one thing to start so you don’t get overwhelmed.

9 . 用所给单词的恰当形式填空。每个单词使用一次，每空填入一个单词。

statistic       approve       oppose       proof       ultimately conclusion       relevant       defend       structure        expand

Skills for writing a good argumentative essay

As a high school student, you’re definitely struggling for writing a great argumentative essay now. Here are some tips for help.

First, be sure of your argument. What are you trying to demonstrate,     1     or disagreement about the topic? Select the one you are able to     2     and support later in the essay. Second, provide enough     3     of your argument, which can be facts,     4    , research findings or even personal experiences, and should be reliable, sufficient and closely     5     to what you’re arguing. It is also essential to consider and analyze the reasons from the     6     side in order to better     7     you points.     8    , your essay should be written with a clear and appropriate     9     including an introduction, a body, and a conclusion, and accurate and persuasive language.

In     10    , writing argumentative essays requires skills and practices. By following above tips, hope you can write a convincing argumentative essay.

10 . Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.

A．clearing	B．commercial	C．cut	D．effectively	E．exhausting	F．likewise
G．range	H．restoring	I．scarcity	J．surprisingly	K．underestimated

The best bosses know how to subtract work

Companies are used to celebrating addition. Profits, customers and share prices should go up rather than fall. Innovation is the adding of new products. Larger numbers are a measure of career success.

Firms are not always opposed to subtraction. There are good kinds of cuts. Reducing costs is a necessary part of management, though not a welcome one. But the value of doing less is     1    . The best bosses are those who take things away as well as add them on.

That means     2     time for employees to get work done. Meetings are almost always called by bosses. Some are useful; many of them are not.

Shopify, an e-commerce firm, began the year by deleting 12,000 meeting s from corporate calendars, and asking everyone to think carefully before     3     them. The company reports a rise in productivity as a result of the     4    .

The only thing worse than having too many meetings is not being invited to them at all. So whenever meetings take place,     5     large numbers of people can turn up. Minus-minded managers will give employees permission not to attend if they are not needed.

Good bosses,     6    , will send messages when necessary, not every time a bright idea pops into their head. They will reduce the tempo of work, by leaving employees time to concentrate. They will be clear if something is urgent or not.

Subtraction is not just about removing day-to-day distractions. It’s also about taking decisions to kill off projects and products that are going nowhere, and to focus efforts on the most important bits of the business.

In “The Case for Good Jobs”, a new book, Zeynep Ton of MIT Sloan School of Management argues that doing less can often make     7     sense. Costco, a well-regarded American retailer has a deliberately limited product     8    . That means it can focus its buying power more effectively, forecast demand more accurately and use its employees’ time more productively.

Less may not sound like a great outcome for customers, but at some point choice is deeply     9    . When you have spent more time trying to decide what to watch on a streaming service than it takes to go to the cinema and watch “Oppenheimer” twice,     10     seems pretty attractive.